Chittamatra, Mind Only School; 唯識派, 瑜伽行派; Tibetan: རྣལ་འབྱོར་སྤྱོད་པ (mal byor spyod pa), སེམས་ཙམ་པ (semtsampa); Wylie: rnal ‘byor spyod pa, sems tsam pa; Sanskrit: Yogācāra, Cittamātra, Vijñānavāda; 

Chittamatra is one of the two major Mahayana philosophical schools, founded in India by the brothers Asanga and Vasubandhu in the fourth century. Its central doctrine holds that all perceived external phenomena are merely projections of consciousness, with no independently existing matter outside the mind. The school posits a foundational consciousness that stores all karmic imprints and habitual tendencies. Through systematic meditative practice, the practitioner purifies this consciousness and gradually transforms the eight layers of consciousness into the four types of enlightened wisdom. The school’s extensive analysis of mental processes has profoundly influenced all subsequent Buddhist traditions.

Traditional Chinese Explanation:
唯識派 / 瑜伽行派 為大乘佛教兩大主要學派之一，由無著與世親兩兄弟於西元四世紀在印度創立。其核心教義主張一切外在現象皆只是心識的變現，離開心識之外並無獨立實存的客觀物質。此學派建立了一種根本識，作為一切業力種子與習氣的儲藏所。修行者透過系統性的禪修訓練，逐步淨化此識，並將八種心識層次轉化為四種清淨智慧。此學派對於心識運作的細緻分析，對後續所有佛教傳統皆產生了深遠的影響。