Habituation / Familiarization / Repeated Practice; 串習; Tibetan: བརྒྱང་འཐབ (chang-tap); Wylie: brgyang’thab; Sanskrit: abhyāsa;

Habituation / Familiarization refers to the repeated cultivation and familiarization with a particular mental state or activity, which gradually transforms the mind and establishes strong habitual tendencies. In Buddhist practice, it is through this repeated training that wholesome qualities such as compassion, mindfulness, and wisdom become deeply ingrained and spontaneously manifest. The process of habituation applies equally to negative mental states, which is why the path requires deliberate and sustained effort to cultivate virtuous habits while abandoning unvirtuous ones. Through continuous familiarization with the correct view of emptiness and bodhicitta, the practitioner gradually overcomes deep-seated defilements and eventually attains effortless realization.

串習指透過持續不斷的重複修習，使某一善法或正見在心中形成穩定而強大的習性力量。修行者經由長時期的反覆串習，能將慈悲、正念與智慧等功德轉化為內在的穩固品質，使其不須刻意用力即能自然顯現。串習的過程亦適用於煩惱等負面心態，因此修行者必須有意識地持續串習善法，同時中斷惡法的相續。透過對空性正見與菩提心的不斷串習，修行者能漸次對治深層的煩惱習氣，最終成就無功用行的任運境界。