{"id":85140,"date":"2024-08-26T20:44:59","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T00:44:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a6%e0%be%a4%e0%be%b1%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%98%e0%bd%b2%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%96%e0%bd%9f%e0%bd%84\/"},"modified":"2025-05-08T22:53:22","modified_gmt":"2025-05-09T02:53:22","slug":"virupaksa","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/virupaksa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Vi<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rupa, Form, Body, Appearance&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#33394;&#34314; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#34311;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3935;&#3956;&#3906;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(zuk); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;gzugs&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rupa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Rupa means form, outward appearance, phenomenon or colour. It is one of the five aggregates.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33394;&#34314;&#26159;&#20116;&#34314;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#33394;&#36523;&#24863;&#23448;&#65292;&#21253;&#25324;&#20102;&#24605;&#24819;&#22806;&#30340;&#19968;&#20999;&#65292;&#20363;&#22914;&#65306;&#32882;&#12289;&#39321;&#12289;&#21619;&#31561;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/rupa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/rupa\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>rupa<\/a>ksa<\/strong>; <strong>&#24291;&#30446;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Great King&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22825;&#29579;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#30342;&#21315;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3939;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(gyal chen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rgyal chen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;MahaRaja&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a2%e0%be%92%e0%be%b1%e0%bd%a3%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%93\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a2%e0%be%92%e0%be%b1%e0%bd%a3%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%93\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#22825;&#29579;<\/a>; <\/strong>Tibetan:<span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong> <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Eye&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#30524;&#30555;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#38291;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4004;&#4017;&#3923;&#3851;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (chen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;spyan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/eye\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/eye\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#3942;&#4004;&#4017;&#3923;&#3851;<\/a><a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Human&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20154;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#31859;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3954;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (mi); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Manusya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Human (manusya) is one of the six classes of beings in Buddhist cosmology, living in the four continents surrounding Mount Meru. In Buddhism, human beings are special in that they are the only class of beings able to directly attain enlightenment or become a Buddha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20154;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#20315;&#25945;&#23431;&#23449;&#35542;&#20013;&#30340;&#20845;&#39006;&#30526;&#29983;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#29983;&#27963;&#22312;&#38920;&#24396;&#23665;&#21608;&#22285;&#30340;&#22235;&#22823;&#27954;&#12290; &#22312;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#65292;&#20154;&#26159;&#29305;&#27530;&#30340;&#22240;&#28858;&#20182;&#20497;&#26159;&#21807;&#19968;&#33021;&#22816;&#30452;&#25509;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Not&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19981; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#31859;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3954;&#3851;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (mi); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/manusya\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/manusya\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#3928;&#3954;&#3851;<\/a><a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Good, Excellence&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22909;&#65292;&#21331;&#36234; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (zang); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bzang&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/good-3\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/good-3\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;<\/a> <\/strong><\/span>(Chen Mi Zang); <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Wylie transliteration&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23041;&#21033;&#36681;&#23531;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Wylie transliteration, designed by American Turrell V. Wylie in 1959, is a method for transliterating Tibetan script using only the letters available on a typical English-language typewriter. It precisely transcribes Tibetan script as written but does not represent the modern pronunciation of Tibetan words.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23041;&#21033;&#36681;&#23531;&#26159;&#30001;&#29305;&#29790;&#29246;&middot;&#23041;&#21033;&#26044;1959&#24180;&#35373;&#35336;&#30340;&#19968;&#31278;&#34255;&#25991;&#36681;&#23531;&#31995;&#32113;, &#21482;&#29992;26&#20491;&#25289;&#19969;&#23383;&#27597;, &#20294;&#20006;&#19981;&#34920;&#29694;&#20195;&#34255;&#35486;&#30332;&#38899;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/wylie\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/wylie\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Wylie<\/a>: <strong>spyan mi bzang<\/strong>; <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sanskrit; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26805;&#25991;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sanskrit means &lsquo;polished&rsquo;. It is a language of ancient India, the primary language of Hindu and Mahayana Buddhism texts. It is more complex with larger vocabulary than Pali. It was spoken only in royal court by priests and intellectuals.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#26805;&#35486;&#21360;&#27472;&#35486;&#31995;&#26368;&#21476;&#32769;&#30340;&#35486;&#35328;&#20043;&#19968;, &#28858;&#19968;&#31278;&#23416;&#34899;&#21644;&#23447;&#25945;&#30340;&#23560;&#38272;&#29992;&#35486;.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/sanskrit\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/sanskrit\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Sanskrit<\/a>: <strong>Vir&#363;p&#257;k&#7779;a<\/strong>;<\/p>\n<p>Vi<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rupa, Form, Body, Appearance&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#33394;&#34314; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#34311;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3935;&#3956;&#3906;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(zuk); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;gzugs&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rupa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Rupa means form, outward appearance, phenomenon or colour. It is one of the five aggregates.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33394;&#34314;&#26159;&#20116;&#34314;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#33394;&#36523;&#24863;&#23448;&#65292;&#21253;&#25324;&#20102;&#24605;&#24819;&#22806;&#30340;&#19968;&#20999;&#65292;&#20363;&#22914;&#65306;&#32882;&#12289;&#39321;&#12289;&#21619;&#31561;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/rupa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/rupa\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>rupa<\/a>ksa (ugly eyes see all) is the Red <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Four Heavenly Kings&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22235;&#22823;&#22825;&#29579;, &#21133;&#29748;&#20632;&#40845;, &#39080;&#35519;&#38632;&#38918;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3939;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3942;&#4001;&#3962;&#3851;&#3926;&#3934;&#3954;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Gyalchen De Shyi); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rgyal chen sde bzhi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Catur Maharaja&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Four Heavenly Kings (Catur Maharaja) are the guardians of the universe. They live on the fourth level slopes of Mount Meru:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;East: Dhrtarastra &#26481;&#26041;&#25345;&#22283;&#22825;&#29579;(&#30333;&#33394;)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;South: Virudhaka &#21335;&#26041;&#22686;&#38263;&#22825;&#29579;(&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;HwtZe&amp;quot; lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;jCAhz ChMk0b&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;ryNqvb&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#34253;&#33394;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;West: Virupaksha &#35199;&#26041;&#24291;&#30446;&#22825;&#29579;(&#32005;&#33394;)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;North: Vaisravana &#21271;&#26041;&#22810;&#32862;&#22825;&#29579;(&#40643;&#32160;&#33394;)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nThey each lead a legion of supernatural beings to protect dharma and practitioners. They are found at the entrance of many temples and monasteries.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/four-heavenly-kings\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/four-heavenly-kings\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Heavenly King<\/a> of the West, holding a serpent, <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Stupa, Chorten&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20315;&#22612;, &#21330;&#22612;&#23110;, &#33293;&#21033;&#22612;, &#28014;&#23648;&#22612;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3938;&#3999;&#3962;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(choe ten); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod rten&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A stupa (chorten) is a Buddhist shrine with mount like&nbsp; central structure containing statues and\/or relics of Buddha or great bodhisattvas. Usually,&nbsp; there is a surrounding terraces or circumambulation path around the shrine.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20315;&#22612;&#26159;&#20315;&#25945;&#24314;&#31689;&#65292;&#20013;&#22830;&#20984;&#36215;&#30340;&#32854;&#22612;&#20379;&#22857;&#26377;&#20315;&#38464;&#25110;&#25110;&#22823;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#33293;&#21033;&#25110;&#36986;&#29289;&#12290;&#21608;&#22285;&#26377;&#19968;&#36899;&#20018;&#38542;&#26799;&#25110;&#32350;&#24465;&#21253;&#22285;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/stupa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/stupa\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>stupa<\/a> and pearl. He is the leader of <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Naga, Serpent deity; &#37027;&#20285;, &#40845;&#30526;, &#40845;&#26063;, &#40845;&#36947;, &#40845;&#29579;, &#34503;&#31070;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#36335;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3904;&#4019;&#3956; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(lu); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;klu&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: n&#257;ga;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Naga, one of&nbsp; the Eight Astasena, is a race of serpent or dragon spirits, living under ground or in water, rocks, caves or trees with magical power and wealth. They may appear in semi-serpent and semi-human forms.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Nagaraja is king of nagas and naginis.&nbsp;Nagas follow Virupaksa, the Heavenly King of the west. They are the guards of Mount Sumeru to protect Trayastrimsa.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#40845;&#30526;&#26159;&#20315;&#32147;&#19978;&#19968;&#39006;&#34503;&#31070;&#65292;&#23560;&#31649;&#33288;&#38642;&#38477;&#38632;&#65292;&#26159;&#22825;&#40845;&#20843;&#37096;&#35703;&#27861;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/naga\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/naga\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>naga<\/a>s. His divine eyes see <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Karma, Action&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26989;&#21147;, &#26989;&#26524;, &#34892;&#21205;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#38647; , &#22030;&#40635;);&nbsp; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (le), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3904;&#3938;&#4008;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (karma);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;las&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Karma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Karma is the universal law that brings results or effects from causes of ones conscious actions. The results may take an uncertain amount of time and other conditions to mature.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#26989;&#21147;&#26159;&#23431;&#23449;&#30340;&#27861;&#21063;&#65292;&#25152;&#26377;&#26377;&#24847;&#35672;&#30340;&#34892;&#28858;&#26371;&#24118;&#20358;&#22240;&#26524;&#22577;&#25033;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/karma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/karma\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>karma<\/a> of beings.<\/p>\n<p>&#24291;&#30446;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Great King&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22825;&#29579;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#30342;&#21315;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3939;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(gyal chen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rgyal chen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;MahaRaja&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a2%e0%be%92%e0%be%b1%e0%bd%a3%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%93\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a2%e0%be%92%e0%be%b1%e0%bd%a3%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%93\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#22825;&#29579;<\/a>&#26159;&#20315;&#25945;&#30340;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/protector-2\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#35703;&#27861;<\/a>&#31070;&#65292;&#12300;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Four Heavenly Kings&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22235;&#22823;&#22825;&#29579;, &#21133;&#29748;&#20632;&#40845;, &#39080;&#35519;&#38632;&#38918;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3939;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3942;&#4001;&#3962;&#3851;&#3926;&#3934;&#3954;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Gyalchen De Shyi); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rgyal chen sde bzhi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Catur Maharaja&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Four Heavenly Kings (Catur Maharaja) are the guardians of the universe. They live on the fourth level slopes of Mount Meru:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;East: Dhrtarastra &#26481;&#26041;&#25345;&#22283;&#22825;&#29579;(&#30333;&#33394;)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;South: Virudhaka &#21335;&#26041;&#22686;&#38263;&#22825;&#29579;(&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;HwtZe&amp;quot; lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;jCAhz ChMk0b&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;ryNqvb&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#34253;&#33394;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;West: Virupaksha &#35199;&#26041;&#24291;&#30446;&#22825;&#29579;(&#32005;&#33394;)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;North: Vaisravana &#21271;&#26041;&#22810;&#32862;&#22825;&#29579;(&#40643;&#32160;&#33394;)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nThey each lead a legion of supernatural beings to protect dharma and practitioners. They are found at the entrance of many temples and monasteries.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/four-heavenly-kings\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/four-heavenly-kings\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#22235;&#22823;&#22825;&#29579;<\/a>&#12301;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#37027;&#20285;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Naga, Serpent deity; &#37027;&#20285;, &#40845;&#30526;, &#40845;&#26063;, &#40845;&#36947;, &#40845;&#29579;, &#34503;&#31070;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#36335;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3904;&#4019;&#3956; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(lu); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;klu&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: n&#257;ga;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Naga, one of&nbsp; the Eight Astasena, is a race of serpent or dragon spirits, living under ground or in water, rocks, caves or trees with magical power and wealth. They may appear in semi-serpent and semi-human forms.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Nagaraja is king of nagas and naginis.&nbsp;Nagas follow Virupaksa, the Heavenly King of the west. They are the guards of Mount Sumeru to protect Trayastrimsa.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#40845;&#30526;&#26159;&#20315;&#32147;&#19978;&#19968;&#39006;&#34503;&#31070;&#65292;&#23560;&#31649;&#33288;&#38642;&#38477;&#38632;&#65292;&#26159;&#22825;&#40845;&#20843;&#37096;&#35703;&#27861;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/naga\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/naga\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#40845;&#26063;<\/a>&#65292;&#20303;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mount Meru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#38920;&#24396;&#23665; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21033;&#25289;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3954;&#3851;&#3938;&#3926;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (ri rab); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;ri rab&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumeru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In Buddhist cosmology, Mount Sumeru is a square mountain at the center of the world.&nbsp; South face is made of gold, east made of crystal, south made of lapis lazuli and west&nbsp; made of ruby.&nbsp; It is surround by seven lakes and seven rings of gold mountains. There is an ocean with four continents: Purvavideha (east of Sumeru), Aparagodaniya (west), Uttarakuru (north), and Jambudvipa (south) where Buddhism appears.&nbsp; Sun and moon move around Mount Sumeru.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#38920;&#24396;&#23665;&#28858;&#20315;&#25945;&#12289;&#21360;&#24230;&#25945;&#23431;&#23449;&#35542;&#30340;&#19990;&#30028;&#20013;&#24515;&#30340;&#31070;&#23665;&#65292;&#21271;&#38754;&#22825;&#37329;&#25152;&#25104;&#65292;&#26481;&#38754;&#22825;&#37504;&#25152;&#25104;&#65292;&#21335;&#38754;&#22825;&#38738;&#29705;&#29827;&#25152;&#25104;&#65292;&#35199;&#38754;&#38935;&#26792;&#27700;&#26230;&#25152;&#25104;&#25152;&#25104;&#65292;&#22823;&#28023;&#22806;&#26377;&#22235;&#22823;&#37096;&#27954;: &#26481;&#21213;&#31070;&#27954;&#12289;&#35199;&#29275;&#36032;&#27954;&#12289;&#21335;&#36109;&#37096;&#27954;&#21644;&#21271;&#20465;&#30439;&#27954;&#12290;&#26085;&#26376;&#29872;&#32350;&#38920;&#24396;&#23665;&#36939;&#34892;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#38463;&#20462;&#32645;&#20303;&#22312;&#38920;&#24396;&#23665;&#24213;&#65292;&#22235;&#22825;&#29579;&#23621;&#26044;&#23665;&#33145;&#65292;&#23665;&#38914;&#28858;&#24521;&#21033;&#22825;&#30526;&#31070;&#20043;&#29579;&#24093;&#37323;&#22825;&#25152;&#23621;&#65292;&#20877;&#19978;&#31354;&#28858;&#22235;&#27442;&#22825;: (&#22812;&#25705;&#22825;&#12289;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#12289;&#21270;&#27138;&#22825;&#12289;&#20182;&#21270;&#33258;&#22312;&#22825;) &#21450;&#33394;&#30028;&#35576;&#22825;&#12289;&#28961;&#33394;&#30028;&#35576;&#22825;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/sumeru\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/sumeru\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#38920;&#24396;<\/a>&#23665;&#27700;&#26230;&#22517;&#65292;&#36523;&#32005;&#33394;&#65292;&#31359;&#30002;&#20881;&#65292;&#25163;&#32399;&#40845;&#34503;&#65292;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Four Heavenly Kings&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22235;&#22823;&#22825;&#29579;, &#21133;&#29748;&#20632;&#40845;, &#39080;&#35519;&#38632;&#38918;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3939;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3942;&#4001;&#3962;&#3851;&#3926;&#3934;&#3954;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Gyalchen De Shyi); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rgyal chen sde bzhi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Catur Maharaja&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Four Heavenly Kings (Catur Maharaja) are the guardians of the universe. They live on the fourth level slopes of Mount Meru:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;East: Dhrtarastra &#26481;&#26041;&#25345;&#22283;&#22825;&#29579;(&#30333;&#33394;)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;South: Virudhaka &#21335;&#26041;&#22686;&#38263;&#22825;&#29579;(&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;HwtZe&amp;quot; lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;jCAhz ChMk0b&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;ryNqvb&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#34253;&#33394;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;West: Virupaksha &#35199;&#26041;&#24291;&#30446;&#22825;&#29579;(&#32005;&#33394;)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;North: Vaisravana &#21271;&#26041;&#22810;&#32862;&#22825;&#29579;(&#40643;&#32160;&#33394;)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nThey each lead a legion of supernatural beings to protect dharma and practitioners. They are found at the entrance of many temples and monasteries.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/four-heavenly-kings\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/four-heavenly-kings\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#39080;&#35519;&#38632;&#38918;<\/a>&#12303;&#20013;&#30340;&#12302;&#38918;&#12303;&#65292;&#36000;&#36012;&#23432;&#35703;&#35199;&#29275;&#36008;&#27954;&#12290;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Virupaksa; \u5ee3\u76ee\u5929\u738b; Tibetan: \u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44 (Chen Mi Zang); Wylie: spyan mi bzang; Sanskrit: Vir\u016bp\u0101k\u1e63a; Virupaksa (ugly eyes see all) is the Red Heavenly King of the West, holding a serpent, stupa and pearl. He is the leader of nagas. His divine eyes see karma of beings. \u5ee3\u76ee\u5929\u738b\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u8b77\u6cd5\u795e\uff0c\u300c\u56db\u5927\u5929\u738b\u300d\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u90a3\u4f3d\u9f8d\u65cf\uff0c\u4f4f\u9808\u5f4c\u5c71\u6c34\u6676\u57f5\uff0c\u8eab\u7d05\u8272\uff0c\u7a7f\u7532\u5191\uff0c\u624b\u7e8f\u9f8d\u86c7\uff0c\u98a8\u8abf\u96e8\u9806\u300f\u4e2d\u7684\u300e\u9806\u300f\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u5b88\u8b77\u897f\u725b\u8ca8\u6d32\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"glossary-categories":[819,822,820],"glossary-tags":[828],"glossary-languages":[],"class_list":["post-85140","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","hentry","glossary-categories-buddhism-","glossary-categories-sanskrit-","glossary-categories-tibetan-","glossary-tags-deity-"],"post_title":"\u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44","post_content":"<strong>Virupaksa<\/strong>; <strong>\u5ee3\u76ee\u5929\u738b; <\/strong>Tibetan:<span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong> \u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44 <\/strong><\/span>(Chen Mi Zang); Wylie: <strong>spyan mi bzang<\/strong>; Sanskrit: <strong>Vir\u016bp\u0101k\u1e63a<\/strong>;\r\n\r\nVirupaksa (ugly eyes see all) is the Red Heavenly King of the West, holding a serpent, stupa and pearl. He is the leader of nagas. His divine eyes see karma of beings.\r\n\r\n\u5ee3\u76ee\u5929\u738b\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u8b77\u6cd5\u795e\uff0c\u300c\u56db\u5927\u5929\u738b\u300d\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u90a3\u4f3d\u9f8d\u65cf\uff0c\u4f4f\u9808\u5f4c\u5c71\u6c34\u6676\u57f5\uff0c\u8eab\u7d05\u8272\uff0c\u7a7f\u7532\u5191\uff0c\u624b\u7e8f\u9f8d\u86c7\uff0c\u98a8\u8abf\u96e8\u9806\u300f\u4e2d\u7684\u300e\u9806\u300f\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u5b88\u8b77\u897f\u725b\u8ca8\u6d32\u3002","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44 - Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche Global Website<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/virupaksa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44 - Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche Global Website\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Virupaksa; \u5ee3\u76ee\u5929\u738b; Tibetan: \u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44 (Chen Mi Zang); Wylie: spyan mi bzang; Sanskrit: Vir\u016bp\u0101k\u1e63a; Virupaksa (ugly eyes see all) is the Red Heavenly King of the West, holding a serpent, stupa and pearl. He is the leader of nagas. His divine eyes see karma of beings. \u5ee3\u76ee\u5929\u738b\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u8b77\u6cd5\u795e\uff0c\u300c\u56db\u5927\u5929\u738b\u300d\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u90a3\u4f3d\u9f8d\u65cf\uff0c\u4f4f\u9808\u5f4c\u5c71\u6c34\u6676\u57f5\uff0c\u8eab\u7d05\u8272\uff0c\u7a7f\u7532\u5191\uff0c\u624b\u7e8f\u9f8d\u86c7\uff0c\u98a8\u8abf\u96e8\u9806\u300f\u4e2d\u7684\u300e\u9806\u300f\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u5b88\u8b77\u897f\u725b\u8ca8\u6d32\u3002\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/virupaksa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche Global Website\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-09T02:53:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/glossary\\\/virupaksa\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/glossary\\\/virupaksa\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44 - Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche Global Website\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-08-27T00:44:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-09T02:53:22+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/glossary\\\/virupaksa\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/glossary\\\/virupaksa\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/glossary\\\/virupaksa\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/\",\"name\":\"Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche\",\"description\":\"Official Global Site of His Eminence Jangtse Choje Gosok Rinpoche\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Gosok Rinpoche\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/09\\\/kunphen-logo.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/09\\\/kunphen-logo.jpg\",\"width\":312,\"height\":300,\"caption\":\"Gosok Rinpoche\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\\\/vi\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44 - Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche Global Website","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/virupaksa\/","og_locale":"vi_VN","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44 - Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche Global Website","og_description":"Virupaksa; \u5ee3\u76ee\u5929\u738b; Tibetan: \u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44 (Chen Mi Zang); Wylie: spyan mi bzang; Sanskrit: Vir\u016bp\u0101k\u1e63a; Virupaksa (ugly eyes see all) is the Red Heavenly King of the West, holding a serpent, stupa and pearl. He is the leader of nagas. His divine eyes see karma of beings. \u5ee3\u76ee\u5929\u738b\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u8b77\u6cd5\u795e\uff0c\u300c\u56db\u5927\u5929\u738b\u300d\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u90a3\u4f3d\u9f8d\u65cf\uff0c\u4f4f\u9808\u5f4c\u5c71\u6c34\u6676\u57f5\uff0c\u8eab\u7d05\u8272\uff0c\u7a7f\u7532\u5191\uff0c\u624b\u7e8f\u9f8d\u86c7\uff0c\u98a8\u8abf\u96e8\u9806\u300f\u4e2d\u7684\u300e\u9806\u300f\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u5b88\u8b77\u897f\u725b\u8ca8\u6d32\u3002","og_url":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/virupaksa\/","og_site_name":"Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche Global Website","article_modified_time":"2025-05-09T02:53:22+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/virupaksa\/","url":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/virupaksa\/","name":"\u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44 - Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche Global Website","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/#website"},"datePublished":"2024-08-27T00:44:59+00:00","dateModified":"2025-05-09T02:53:22+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/virupaksa\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"vi-VN","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/virupaksa\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/glossary\/virupaksa\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/","name":"Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche","description":"Official Global Site of His Eminence Jangtse Choje Gosok Rinpoche","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"vi-VN"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/#organization","name":"Gosok Rinpoche","url":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi-VN","@id":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/kunphen-logo.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/kunphen-logo.jpg","width":312,"height":300,"caption":"Gosok Rinpoche"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/85140","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/85140\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":98925,"href":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/85140\/revisions\/98925"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=85140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"glossary-categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-categories?post=85140"},{"taxonomy":"glossary-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-tags?post=85140"},{"taxonomy":"glossary-languages","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-languages?post=85140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}