{"id":4916,"date":"2013-02-20T03:00:36","date_gmt":"2013-02-20T08:00:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/?p=4916"},"modified":"2025-01-21T19:53:05","modified_gmt":"2025-01-22T00:53:05","slug":"smoke-and-protector-offering","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/smoke-and-protector-offering\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5927\u5e74\u521d\u4e09\u7948\u9858\u6cd5\u6703\u958b\u793a (\u8ac7\u7159\u4f9b\u53ca\u8b77\u6cd5\u7684\u4f9b\u5949) || Smoke Puja and Protector Offering Teaching"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4916\" class=\"elementor elementor-4916\" data-elementor-settings='{\"element_pack_global_tooltip_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_width_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true}}' data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a70d453 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a70d453\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-44b71a8\" data-id=\"44b71a8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e663220 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e663220\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>&#39318;&#20808;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#19968;&#36215;&#32102;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rinpoche; &#20161;&#27874;&#20999;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(rinpoche)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rin po che;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Rinpoche means &amp;quot;precious one&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;jewel&amp;quot;. In Tibetan Buddhism, it is a way of showing respect when addressing those recognized as reincarnated, respected, learned and\/or an accomplished Lamas or teachers of the Dharma. It is also used as an honorific for abbots of monasteries. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Rimpoche, Rimpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999; (&#23527;&#27874;&#36554; \/ &#20161;&#27874;&#36554;) &#30340;&#24847;&#35695;&#26159;&#12300;&#29645;&#23542;&#12301;, &#26159;&#23565;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#19978;&#24107;&#30340;&#19968;&#31278;&#23562;&#31281;,&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#21487;&#20197;&#26159;&#34987;&#35469;&#35657;&#30340;&#36681;&#19990;&#32773;&#25110;&#26159;&#26377;&#24456;&#39640;&#20462;&#34892;&#30340;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  Rinpoche&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a2%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%94%e0%bd%bc%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;<\/span>&#25308;&#24180;&#65292;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Auspicious goodness, Good luck&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31069;&#21513;&#31077;&#22914;&#24847;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#25166;&#35199;&#24503;&#21202;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3904;&#4018;&#3851;&#3940;&#3954;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#3921;&#3962;&#3851;&#3939;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tashi delek); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bkra shis bde legs&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25166;&#35199;&#24503;&#21202;,  &#21513;&#31077;&#22914;&#24847;,  Auspicious&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/auspicious-3\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#25166;&#35199;&#24503;&#21202;<\/span>&#12290;&#35531;&#23601;&#24231;&#12290;&#25105;&#20497;&#19968;&#36215;&#29992;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Heart Sutra; &#33324;&#33509;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#22810;&#24515;&#32147;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &#3940;&#3962;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3926;&#3851;&#3904;&#4017;&#3954;&#3851;&#3925;&#3851;&#3938;&#3964;&#3939;&#3851;&#3919;&#3956;&#3851;&#3925;&#4017;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3942;&#3993;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&#3851; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa&amp;#039;i snying po); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa&amp;#039;i snying po&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: Prajnaparamita hrdaya; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Heart Sutra, in Sanskrit, Prajnaparamita hrdaya, means the heart of the perfection of wisdom. It is one of the most important condensed text of Mahayana Buddhism on emptiness.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33324;&#33509;&#27874;&#32645;&#34588;&#22810;&#24515;&#32147;&#26805;&#25991;&#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#22291;&#28415;&#26234;&#24935;&#30340;&#24515;&#12290; &#23427;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#38364;&#26044;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#28611;&#32302;&#32147;&#25991;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Heart Sutra,  &#24515;&#32147;,  Prajnaparamita Hrdaya&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/heart-sutra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#24515;&#32147;<\/span>&#20358;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#35576;&#20315;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhisattva; &#33769;&#34217; (&#34083;&#31179; &#26862;&#35997;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3851;&#3910;&#3956;&#3926;&#3851;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (chang chub sempa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;byang chub sems dpa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhisattva&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A bodhisattva is a person who is dedicated on the path towards buddhahood. In Mahayana Buddhism, a bodhisattva is someone who has generated bodhicitta, a compassionate mind to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#25351;&#37027;&#20123;&#30332;&#24515;&#28858;&#20102;&#24478;&#36650;&#36852;&#20013;&#35299;&#33067;&#65292;&#25104;&#23601;&#20315;&#26524;&#32780;&#25215;&#35582;&#20462;&#34892;&#30340;&#20154;&#12290;&#22312;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#65292;&#35657;&#24735;&#32773;&#26371;&#36984;&#25799;&#26368;&#39640;&#29702;&#24819;&#32780;&#30041;&#22312;&#19990;&#38291;&#21435;&#24171;&#21161;&#21450;&#24341;&#23566;&#30526;&#29983;&#26397;&#21521;&#35258;&#24735;&#65292;&#32780;&#19981;&#26159;&#36914;&#20837;&#28037;&#30436;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#33769;&#34217;,  Bodhisattva&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/bodhisattva\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#33769;&#34217;<\/span>&#12290;<\/p><p><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rinpoche; &#20161;&#27874;&#20999;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(rinpoche)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rin po che;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Rinpoche means &amp;quot;precious one&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;jewel&amp;quot;. In Tibetan Buddhism, it is a way of showing respect when addressing those recognized as reincarnated, respected, learned and\/or an accomplished Lamas or teachers of the Dharma. It is also used as an honorific for abbots of monasteries. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Rimpoche, Rimpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999; (&#23527;&#27874;&#36554; \/ &#20161;&#27874;&#36554;) &#30340;&#24847;&#35695;&#26159;&#12300;&#29645;&#23542;&#12301;, &#26159;&#23565;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#19978;&#24107;&#30340;&#19968;&#31278;&#23562;&#31281;,&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#21487;&#20197;&#26159;&#34987;&#35469;&#35657;&#30340;&#36681;&#19990;&#32773;&#25110;&#26159;&#26377;&#24456;&#39640;&#20462;&#34892;&#30340;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  Rinpoche&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a2%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%94%e0%bd%bc%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;<\/span>&#31069;&#22823;&#23478;&#26032;&#24180;&#24555;&#27138;&#65292;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Auspicious goodness, Good luck&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31069;&#21513;&#31077;&#22914;&#24847;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#25166;&#35199;&#24503;&#21202;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3904;&#4018;&#3851;&#3940;&#3954;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#3921;&#3962;&#3851;&#3939;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tashi delek); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bkra shis bde legs&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25166;&#35199;&#24503;&#21202;,  &#21513;&#31077;&#22914;&#24847;,  Auspicious&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/auspicious-3\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#21513;&#31077;&#22914;&#24847;<\/span>&#65292;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Auspicious goodness, Good luck&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31069;&#21513;&#31077;&#22914;&#24847;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#25166;&#35199;&#24503;&#21202;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3904;&#4018;&#3851;&#3940;&#3954;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#3921;&#3962;&#3851;&#3939;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tashi delek); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bkra shis bde legs&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25166;&#35199;&#24503;&#21202;,  &#21513;&#31077;&#22914;&#24847;,  Auspicious&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/auspicious-3\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#25166;&#35199;&#24503;&#21202;<\/span>&#65292;&#33836;&#20107;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Wish&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Fulfilling&amp;lt;\/b&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22914;&#24847;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#20234;&#26032;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3954;&#3921;&#3851;&#3926;&#3934;&#3954;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (yi shine); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yid bzhin&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#22914;&#24847;,  Wish Fulfilling&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a1%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%91%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%96%e0%bd%9e%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%93\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#22914;&#24847;<\/span>&#12290;<\/p><p>&#30001;&#26044;&#20170;&#24180;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rinpoche; &#20161;&#27874;&#20999;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(rinpoche)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rin po che;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Rinpoche means &amp;quot;precious one&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;jewel&amp;quot;. In Tibetan Buddhism, it is a way of showing respect when addressing those recognized as reincarnated, respected, learned and\/or an accomplished Lamas or teachers of the Dharma. It is also used as an honorific for abbots of monasteries. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Rimpoche, Rimpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999; (&#23527;&#27874;&#36554; \/ &#20161;&#27874;&#36554;) &#30340;&#24847;&#35695;&#26159;&#12300;&#29645;&#23542;&#12301;, &#26159;&#23565;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#19978;&#24107;&#30340;&#19968;&#31278;&#23562;&#31281;,&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#21487;&#20197;&#26159;&#34987;&#35469;&#35657;&#30340;&#36681;&#19990;&#32773;&#25110;&#26159;&#26377;&#24456;&#39640;&#20462;&#34892;&#30340;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  Rinpoche&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a2%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%94%e0%bd%bc%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=&#039;cmtt-audio-player &#039;&gt;&lt;a class=&#039;wp-embedded-audio&#039; href=&#039;http:\/\/en&#039;&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Gosok; &#26524;&#30889;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3986;&#3964;&#3851;&#3942;&#3964;&#3906;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (gosok)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sgo sog;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;\nOrigin of &amp;quot;Gosok&amp;quot;: The first incarnation of Gosok Rinpoche was a Mongolian, Dondrup Gyatso. He was Abbot of Gomang College in Drepung Monastery, one of the three main Gelugpa monastic universities. He was a well known Buddhist scholar with extraordinary realization. Rinpoche&amp;#039;s name came from &amp;quot;Go&amp;#039; of Gomang and &amp;quot;Sok&amp;quot;, Tibetan pronunciation of Mongolian.\n&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#21517;&#23383;&#30001;&#20358;: &#31532;&#19968;&#19990;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#26412;&#21517;&#25958;&#29664;&#22025;&#25514;&#65292;&#26159;&#33945;&#21476;&#20154;&#12290;&#21407;&#26159;&#25289;&#34217;&#19977;&#22823;&#23546;&#20043;&#19968;&#21746;&#34444;&#23546;&#26524;&#33426;&#20711;&#38498;&#20303;&#25345;(&#21746;&#37030;&#23546;&#23546;&#20839;&#21407;&#26377;&#19971;&#22823;&#21124;&#20489;&#65288;&#32147;&#23416;&#38498;&#65289;&#65292;&#24460;&#21512;&#20006;&#28858;&#27931;&#33394;&#26519;&#12289;&#26524;&#33725;&#12289;&#24503;&#25562;&#12289;&#38463;&#24052;&#22235;&#22823;&#21124;&#20489;)&#65292;&#21338;&#23416;&#22810;&#32862;&#65292;&#25945;&#35657;&#20855;&#36275;&#65292;&#29554;&#31532;&#20116;&#19990;&#23562;&#32773;&#20219;&#21629;&#20027;&#25345;&#35199;&#34255;&#26481;&#37096;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#37325;&#35201;&#23546;&#38498;&#29702;&#22616;&#23546;(&#29694;&#31281;&amp;quot;&#38263;&#38738;.&#26149;&#31185;&#29246;&#23546;&rdquo;)&#12290; &amp;quot;&#26524;&rdquo;&#26159;&amp;quot;&#26524;&#33426;&#20711;&#38498;&rdquo;&#30340;&#26524;&#65292; &#33945;&#21476;&#20154;&#30340;&#34255;&#38899;&amp;quot;&#30889;&rdquo;&#25773;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#23562;&#31281;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#28858;&amp;quot;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&rdquo;&#65292;&#19968;&#30452;&#27839;&#29992;&#33267;&#20170;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Gosok,  &#26524;&#30889;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/gosok\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#26524;&#30889;<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Kunphen, Beneficial to all; &#26222;&#21033;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#26118;&#33452;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3904;&#3956;&#3923;&#3851;&#3925;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(kunphen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;kun phan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Kunphen,  &#26222;&#21033;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/kunphen\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#26222;&#21033;<\/span>&#21332;&#26371;&#30340;&#24351;&#23376;&#20497;&#24076;&#26395;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rinpoche; &#20161;&#27874;&#20999;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(rinpoche)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rin po che;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Rinpoche means &amp;quot;precious one&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;jewel&amp;quot;. In Tibetan Buddhism, it is a way of showing respect when addressing those recognized as reincarnated, respected, learned and\/or an accomplished Lamas or teachers of the Dharma. It is also used as an honorific for abbots of monasteries. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Rimpoche, Rimpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999; (&#23527;&#27874;&#36554; \/ &#20161;&#27874;&#36554;) &#30340;&#24847;&#35695;&#26159;&#12300;&#29645;&#23542;&#12301;, &#26159;&#23565;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#19978;&#24107;&#30340;&#19968;&#31278;&#23562;&#31281;,&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#21487;&#20197;&#26159;&#34987;&#35469;&#35657;&#30340;&#36681;&#19990;&#32773;&#25110;&#26159;&#26377;&#24456;&#39640;&#20462;&#34892;&#30340;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  Rinpoche&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a2%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%94%e0%bd%bc%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;<\/span>&#37341;&#23565;&#20170;&#24180;&#23531;&#19968;&#20491;&#36032;&#36781;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#36889;&#35041;&#26377;&#25105;&#20497;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lama, Guru; &#19978;&#24107; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21895;&#22043;\/&#25289;&#40635;, &#22266;&#22914;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lama), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (guru); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Guru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lama, Guru is a title for a teacher of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19978;&#24107;&#65292;&#21895;&#22043;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#20315;&#27861;&#32769;&#24107;&#30340;&#31281;&#34399;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21895;&#22043;,  &#19978;&#24107;,  &#22266;&#22914;,  Guru,  Lama,  &#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lama\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19978;&#24107;<\/span>&#30340;&#26032;&#24180;&#31069;&#36781;&#65292;&#37027;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rinpoche; &#20161;&#27874;&#20999;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(rinpoche)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rin po che;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Rinpoche means &amp;quot;precious one&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;jewel&amp;quot;. In Tibetan Buddhism, it is a way of showing respect when addressing those recognized as reincarnated, respected, learned and\/or an accomplished Lamas or teachers of the Dharma. It is also used as an honorific for abbots of monasteries. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Rimpoche, Rimpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999; (&#23527;&#27874;&#36554; \/ &#20161;&#27874;&#36554;) &#30340;&#24847;&#35695;&#26159;&#12300;&#29645;&#23542;&#12301;, &#26159;&#23565;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#19978;&#24107;&#30340;&#19968;&#31278;&#23562;&#31281;,&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#21487;&#20197;&#26159;&#34987;&#35469;&#35657;&#30340;&#36681;&#19990;&#32773;&#25110;&#26159;&#26377;&#24456;&#39640;&#20462;&#34892;&#30340;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  Rinpoche&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a2%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%94%e0%bd%bc%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;<\/span>&#25509;&#19979;&#20358;&#23601;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Oral Transmission; &#21475;&#20659;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#40845;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3956;&#3908;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (lung); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lung&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Oral Transmission is a ceremony in which a guru reads aloud, to disciples, a Buddhist text that the guru has previously received from his\/her own guru.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#21475;&#20659;&#26159;&#19978;&#24107;&#21521;&#24351;&#23376;&#26391;&#35712;&#19978;&#24107;&#20808;&#21069;&#24478;&#33258;&#24049;&#19978;&#24107;&#37027;&#35041;&#25910;&#21040;&#30340;&#20315;&#32147;&#21475;&#20659;&#30340;&#20736;&#24335;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21475;&#20659;,  Oral Transmission&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/oral-transmissio\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#21475;&#20659;<\/span>&#36889;&#20491;&#36032;&#36781;&#12290;<\/p><p><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lama, Guru; &#19978;&#24107; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21895;&#22043;\/&#25289;&#40635;, &#22266;&#22914;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lama), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (guru); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Guru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lama, Guru is a title for a teacher of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19978;&#24107;&#65292;&#21895;&#22043;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#20315;&#27861;&#32769;&#24107;&#30340;&#31281;&#34399;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21895;&#22043;,  &#19978;&#24107;,  &#22266;&#22914;,  Guru,  Lama,  &#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lama\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19978;&#24107;<\/span>&#26032;&#24180;&#36032;&#36781;&#65306;<br>&#21513;&#31077;&#26234;&#24935;&#20043;&#20809;&#29031;&#21892;&#36947;&#65292;&#24754;&#23433;&#27138;&#20043;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Merit, Sonam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31119;&#24503;, &#21151;&#24503; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#32034;&#21335;\/&#32034;&#26391;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3942;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3923;&#3928;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Sonam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bsod nams&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Punya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Punya means merit, virtuous, good karma, fortunate. It is an act that gains good karma. Sonam (S&ouml;nam), the Tibetan term, is a common Tibetan name.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#21151;&#24503;&#26159;&#19968;&#31278;&#29554;&#33268;&#21892;&#26989;&#30340;&#34892;&#28858;&#12290; &#32034;&#21335; \/ &#32034;&#26391;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#31119;&#24503;,  Sonam,  &#32034;&#21335;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sonam\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#31119;&#24503;<\/span>&#28415;&#20154;&#38291;&#65292;<br>&#26041;&#24935;&#26085;&#26376;&#26222;&#29031;&#22937;&#19990;&#30028;&#65292;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Monlam, Aspiration Prayer, Determination; &#39000;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31048;&#39000; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4008;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (m&ouml;nlam);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;smon lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pranidhana paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Determination, Aspiration, Vow (Pranidhana paramita) is one of the Ten Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Monlam is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: M&ouml;nlam.\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39000;&#26159;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#32654;&#26391;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Pranidhana, Aspiration Prayer, &#31048;&#39000;, &#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;, Monlam, M&ouml;nlam&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/aspiration-prayer\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#31048;&#39000;<\/span>&#21644;&#24179;&#27792;&#28020;&#20303;&#19990;&#38291;&#12290;<br>&#20855;&#24503;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lama, Guru; &#19978;&#24107; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21895;&#22043;\/&#25289;&#40635;, &#22266;&#22914;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lama), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (guru); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Guru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lama, Guru is a title for a teacher of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19978;&#24107;&#65292;&#21895;&#22043;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#20315;&#27861;&#32769;&#24107;&#30340;&#31281;&#34399;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21895;&#22043;,  &#19978;&#24107;,  &#22266;&#22914;,  Guru,  Lama,  &#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lama\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19978;&#24107;<\/span>&#25945;&#35328;&#28145;&#20284;&#28023;&#65292;&#20855;&#32227;&#24351;&#23376;&#20449;&#24515;&#22266;&#33509;&#23665;&#65292;<br><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lama, Guru; &#19978;&#24107; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21895;&#22043;\/&#25289;&#40635;, &#22266;&#22914;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lama), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (guru); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Guru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lama, Guru is a title for a teacher of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19978;&#24107;&#65292;&#21895;&#22043;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#20315;&#27861;&#32769;&#24107;&#30340;&#31281;&#34399;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21895;&#22043;,  &#19978;&#24107;,  &#22266;&#22914;,  Guru,  Lama,  &#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lama\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19978;&#24107;<\/span>&#24351;&#23376;&#28165;&#28136;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;header&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhyana Mudra, Meditation mudra; &#31146;&#23450;&#21360;, &#23450;&#21360;, &#19977;&#26151;&#21360; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#37312;&#22799; &#27965;&#21152;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3913;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3934;&#3906;&#3851;&#3925;&#4017;&#3906;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(nyam sha chak gya); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mnyam bzhag phyag rgya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/header&amp;gt;In Dhyana Mudra (meditation mudra) , both hands are placed on the lap, palms up, 4 fingers stretched. There are two variations with the thumbs:\n&amp;lt;ol&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Tips of 2 thumbs touching forming a triangle with the hands representing the three jewels.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thumbs do not touch&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ol&amp;gt;\nBuddha Shakyamuni, Amitabha and Medicine Buddha often appear with Dhyana Mudra.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In the single hand version, the left hand is placed on the lap with the right hand elsewhere (for example, in Dharmachakra Mudra in front of the chest).&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#31146;&#23450;&#21360;, &#23450;&#21360;, &#19977;&#26151;&#21360;, Meditation mudra&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dhyana-mudra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19977;&#26151;&#21360;<\/span>&#65292;&#21916;&#36814;&#33836;&#35937;&#26356;&#26032;&#37329;&#34503;&#24180;&#65292;<br>&#21513;&#31077;&#37504;&#28023;&#20043;&#20809;&#26144;&#28415;&#22825;&#65292;&#23433;&#27138;&#37329;&#39704;&#28753;&#28415;&#22825;&#22320;&#38291;&#65292;<br>&#22291;&#28415;&#33674;&#22196;&#29908;&#29662;&#26222;&#22825;&#29031;&#65292;&#21916;&#36814;&#33836;&#35937;&#26356;&#26032;&#37329;&#34503;&#24180;&#65292;<br>&#31119;&#24935;&#22781;&#21629;&#24120;&#27969;&#20284;&#37329;&#27827;&#65292;&#24503;&#34892;&#32654;&#21517;&#39640;&#22914;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mount Meru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#38920;&#24396;&#23665; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21033;&#25289;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3954;&#3851;&#3938;&#3926;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (ri rab); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;ri rab&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumeru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In Buddhist cosmology, Mount Sumeru is a square mountain at the center of the world.&nbsp; South face is made of gold, east made of crystal, south made of lapis lazuli and west&nbsp; made of ruby.&nbsp; It is surround by seven lakes and seven rings of gold mountains. There is an ocean with four continents: Purvavideha (east of Sumeru), Aparagodaniya (west), Uttarakuru (north), and Jambudvipa (south) where Buddhism appears.&nbsp; Sun and moon move around Mount Sumeru.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#38920;&#24396;&#23665;&#28858;&#20315;&#25945;&#12289;&#21360;&#24230;&#25945;&#23431;&#23449;&#35542;&#30340;&#19990;&#30028;&#20013;&#24515;&#30340;&#31070;&#23665;&#65292;&#21271;&#38754;&#22825;&#37329;&#25152;&#25104;&#65292;&#26481;&#38754;&#22825;&#37504;&#25152;&#25104;&#65292;&#21335;&#38754;&#22825;&#38738;&#29705;&#29827;&#25152;&#25104;&#65292;&#35199;&#38754;&#38935;&#26792;&#27700;&#26230;&#25152;&#25104;&#25152;&#25104;&#65292;&#22823;&#28023;&#22806;&#26377;&#22235;&#22823;&#37096;&#27954;: &#26481;&#21213;&#31070;&#27954;&#12289;&#35199;&#29275;&#36032;&#27954;&#12289;&#21335;&#36109;&#37096;&#27954;&#21644;&#21271;&#20465;&#30439;&#27954;&#12290;&#26085;&#26376;&#29872;&#32350;&#38920;&#24396;&#23665;&#36939;&#34892;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#38463;&#20462;&#32645;&#20303;&#22312;&#38920;&#24396;&#23665;&#24213;&#65292;&#22235;&#22825;&#29579;&#23621;&#26044;&#23665;&#33145;&#65292;&#23665;&#38914;&#28858;&#24521;&#21033;&#22825;&#30526;&#31070;&#20043;&#29579;&#24093;&#37323;&#22825;&#25152;&#23621;&#65292;&#20877;&#19978;&#31354;&#28858;&#22235;&#27442;&#22825;: (&#22812;&#25705;&#22825;&#12289;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#12289;&#21270;&#27138;&#22825;&#12289;&#20182;&#21270;&#33258;&#22312;&#22825;) &#21450;&#33394;&#30028;&#35576;&#22825;&#12289;&#28961;&#33394;&#30028;&#35576;&#22825;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Sumeru,  &#38920;&#24396;,  Meru&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sumeru\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#38920;&#24396;<\/span>&#23665;&#65292;<br>&#31077;&#21644;&#23478;&#24237;&#31119;&#27604;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;God&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22825;&#36947;, &#22825;&#20154; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#25289;, &#36845;&#29926;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#4023;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (lha), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3921;&#4023;&#3962;&#3851;&#3933;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (dewa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lha, d+he wa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Deva&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;God (deva) is highest of the six classes of beings in Buddhist cosmology. They are reborn as gods because of the merits and good karma accumulated in past lives.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;God realm has many levels of heavens:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Arupyadhatu (Formless Realm)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Arupachara (Form Realm)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Kamadhatu (Desire Realm)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nGods may reborn in to lower realms when they die if they consumed all their past merits.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22825;&#20154;&#26159;&#26368;&#39640;&#32026;&#30340;&#20845;&#36947;&#30526;&#29983;&#65292;&#20294;&#20173;&#22312;&#36650;&#36852;&#20043;&#20839;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3921;&#4023;&#3962;&#3851;&#3933;,  &#22825;&#20154;,  &#22825;&#36947;,  Deva&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/deva\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#22825;&#20154;<\/span>&#21070;&#65292;&#26222;&#22825;&#21916;&#36814;&#26149;&#21040;&#20154;&#38291;&#20358;&#12290;<\/p><p>&#38500;&#27492;&#20043;&#22806;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#36996;&#26377;&#22235;&#21477;&#29256;&#26412;&#30340;&#65292;&#36889;&#20491;&#22235;&#21477;&#29256;&#26159;&#20170;&#24180;&#21345;&#29255;&#19978;&#27794;&#26377;&#30340;&#65292;&#26159;&#22312;&#21345;&#29255;&#19978;&#30340;&#23531;&#22909;&#20102;&#20043;&#24460;&#65292;&#24460;&#20358;&#25165;&#24819;&#21040;&#30340;&#12290;&#25509;&#19979;&#20358;&#20877;&#22312;&#20358;&#24565;&#36889;&#22235;&#20491;&#21477;&#23376;&#12290;<\/p><p>&#28858;&#20351;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Precious Human Birth&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26247;&#28415;&#20154;&#29983;&#38627;&#24471;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3954;&#3851;&#3939;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (mi lus rin po che); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mi lus rin po che&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Precious Human Birth is comprised of the eight freedoms and ten advantages, the conditions conducive for spiritual progress.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20154;&#29983;&#33509;&#26159;&#20855;&#36275;&#20843;&#31278;&#38290;&#26247;&#33287;&#21313;&#31278;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#29645;&#36020;&#38627;&#24471;&#26781;&#20214;&#65292;&#25033;&#30070;&#21162;&#21147;&#20462;&#32722;&#20315;&#27861;&#20197;&#29554;&#35657;&#35299;&#33067;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#26247;&#28415;,  &#20154;&#29983;&#38627;&#24471;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/precious-human-birth\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#26247;&#28415;<\/span>&#20855;&#32681;&#21462;&#31934;&#33775;&#65292;&#22914;&#29702;&#21463;&#25345;&#20855;&#26684;&#24107;&#25945;&#35328;&#65292;<br><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsondru, Diligence, Perseverance; &#31934;&#36914;, &#21220;&#21193;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#23562;&#29664;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3938;&#4009;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3956;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tsondru); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;brtson &amp;#039;grus&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Virya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;Perseverance (Virya paramita), diligence, is one of the Six Perfections and one of Eleven Virtuous States. Tsondru \/ Ts&ouml;ndr&uuml; \/ Tzondru is a common Tibetan name.&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#31934;&#36914;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#21313;&#19968;&#21892;&#24515;&#25152;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#23562;&#29664; \/ &#23562;&#20027;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Virya, Diligence, Perseverance, Tsondru, &#23562;&#29664;,  &#31934;&#36914;,  &#23562;&#20027;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%96%e0%bd%a2%e0%be%a9%e0%bd%bc%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%a0%e0%bd%82%e0%be%b2%e0%bd%b4%e0%bd%a6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#31934;&#36914;<\/span>&#20462;&#23416;&#29645;&#36020;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhicitta&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#27743;&#31179;&#26862;) ; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3851;&#3910;&#3956;&#3926;&#3851;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (jang chup sem); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;byang chub sems&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhicitta&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Bodhicitta is the mind for enlightenment. Absolute bodhicitta is the completely awakened mind that sees the emptiness of phenomena. Relative bodhicitta is the aspiration to practice buddha dharma to free all beings from the suffering of samsara.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#26159;&#35258;&#24735;&#30340;&#24515;&#12290;&#21213;&#32681;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#26159;&#24735;&#21040;&#31354;&#24615;&#23526;&#30456;&#30340;&#23436;&#20840;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#19990;&#20439;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#26159;&#39000;&#20462;&#20315;&#27861;&#28858;&#35299;&#33067;&#19968;&#20999;&#30526;&#29983;&#20986;&#36650;&#36852;&#33510;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;,  Bodhicitta&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/bodhicitta\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;<\/span>&#65292;&#24646;&#26178;&#19981;&#38626;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhicitta&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#27743;&#31179;&#26862;) ; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3851;&#3910;&#3956;&#3926;&#3851;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (jang chup sem); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;byang chub sems&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhicitta&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Bodhicitta is the mind for enlightenment. Absolute bodhicitta is the completely awakened mind that sees the emptiness of phenomena. Relative bodhicitta is the aspiration to practice buddha dharma to free all beings from the suffering of samsara.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#26159;&#35258;&#24735;&#30340;&#24515;&#12290;&#21213;&#32681;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#26159;&#24735;&#21040;&#31354;&#24615;&#23526;&#30456;&#30340;&#23436;&#20840;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#19990;&#20439;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#26159;&#39000;&#20462;&#20315;&#27861;&#28858;&#35299;&#33067;&#19968;&#20999;&#30526;&#29983;&#20986;&#36650;&#36852;&#33510;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;,  Bodhicitta&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/bodhicitta\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;<\/span>&#22937;&#23542;&#12290;<\/p><p>&#38263;&#20037;&#20197;&#20358;&#33287;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ten directions&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#26041; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#31179;&#20037;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3925;&#4017;&#3964;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#3909;&#3956;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (chok chu); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;phyogs bcu&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dashadika&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ten directions are the four cardinal directions (east, south, west, north), their intermediate directions (southeast, southwest, northwest, northeast), plus up and down.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#21313;&#26041;&#26159;&#22235;&#22522;&#26412;&#26041;&#20301;(&#26481;&#12289;&#21335;&#12289;&#35199;&#12289;&#21271;&#65289;&#65292;&#22235;&#20013;&#38291;&#26041;&#20301;&#65288;&#26481;&#21335;&#12289;&#35199;&#21335;&#12289;&#35199;&#21271;&#12289;&#26481;&#21271;&#65289;&#65292;&#21450;&#19978;&#19979;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21313;&#26041;,  Dashadika,  Ten directions&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%95%e0%be%b1%e0%bd%bc%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%a6%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%96%e0%bd%85%e0%bd%b4\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#21313;&#26041;<\/span>&#22823;&#24503;&#21450;&#24351;&#23376;&#65292;&#26377;&#33879;&#20986;&#19990;&#20837;&#19990;&#20108;&#27861;&#22240;&#32227;&#30340;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lama, Guru; &#19978;&#24107; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21895;&#22043;\/&#25289;&#40635;, &#22266;&#22914;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lama), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (guru); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Guru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lama, Guru is a title for a teacher of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19978;&#24107;&#65292;&#21895;&#22043;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#20315;&#27861;&#32769;&#24107;&#30340;&#31281;&#34399;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21895;&#22043;,  &#19978;&#24107;,  &#22266;&#22914;,  Guru,  Lama,  &#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lama\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19978;&#24107;<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=&#039;cmtt-audio-player &#039;&gt;&lt;a class=&#039;wp-embedded-audio&#039; href=&#039;http:\/\/en&#039;&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Gosok; &#26524;&#30889;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3986;&#3964;&#3851;&#3942;&#3964;&#3906;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (gosok)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sgo sog;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;\nOrigin of &amp;quot;Gosok&amp;quot;: The first incarnation of Gosok Rinpoche was a Mongolian, Dondrup Gyatso. He was Abbot of Gomang College in Drepung Monastery, one of the three main Gelugpa monastic universities. He was a well known Buddhist scholar with extraordinary realization. Rinpoche&amp;#039;s name came from &amp;quot;Go&amp;#039; of Gomang and &amp;quot;Sok&amp;quot;, Tibetan pronunciation of Mongolian.\n&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#21517;&#23383;&#30001;&#20358;: &#31532;&#19968;&#19990;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#26412;&#21517;&#25958;&#29664;&#22025;&#25514;&#65292;&#26159;&#33945;&#21476;&#20154;&#12290;&#21407;&#26159;&#25289;&#34217;&#19977;&#22823;&#23546;&#20043;&#19968;&#21746;&#34444;&#23546;&#26524;&#33426;&#20711;&#38498;&#20303;&#25345;(&#21746;&#37030;&#23546;&#23546;&#20839;&#21407;&#26377;&#19971;&#22823;&#21124;&#20489;&#65288;&#32147;&#23416;&#38498;&#65289;&#65292;&#24460;&#21512;&#20006;&#28858;&#27931;&#33394;&#26519;&#12289;&#26524;&#33725;&#12289;&#24503;&#25562;&#12289;&#38463;&#24052;&#22235;&#22823;&#21124;&#20489;)&#65292;&#21338;&#23416;&#22810;&#32862;&#65292;&#25945;&#35657;&#20855;&#36275;&#65292;&#29554;&#31532;&#20116;&#19990;&#23562;&#32773;&#20219;&#21629;&#20027;&#25345;&#35199;&#34255;&#26481;&#37096;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#37325;&#35201;&#23546;&#38498;&#29702;&#22616;&#23546;(&#29694;&#31281;&amp;quot;&#38263;&#38738;.&#26149;&#31185;&#29246;&#23546;&rdquo;)&#12290; &amp;quot;&#26524;&rdquo;&#26159;&amp;quot;&#26524;&#33426;&#20711;&#38498;&rdquo;&#30340;&#26524;&#65292; &#33945;&#21476;&#20154;&#30340;&#34255;&#38899;&amp;quot;&#30889;&rdquo;&#25773;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#23562;&#31281;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#28858;&amp;quot;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&rdquo;&#65292;&#19968;&#30452;&#27839;&#29992;&#33267;&#20170;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Gosok,  &#26524;&#30889;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/gosok\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#26524;&#30889;<\/span>&#20855;&#21517;&#32773;&#12290;2013&#24180;&#20803;&#26086;&#12290;<\/p><p>&#36889;&#20491;&#26032;&#24180;&#21345;&#29255;&#30340;&#31069;&#31119;&#36781;&#20195;&#34920;&#33879;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lama, Guru; &#19978;&#24107; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21895;&#22043;\/&#25289;&#40635;, &#22266;&#22914;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lama), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (guru); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Guru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lama, Guru is a title for a teacher of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19978;&#24107;&#65292;&#21895;&#22043;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#20315;&#27861;&#32769;&#24107;&#30340;&#31281;&#34399;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21895;&#22043;,  &#19978;&#24107;,  &#22266;&#22914;,  Guru,  Lama,  &#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lama\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19978;&#24107;<\/span>&#25152;&#26377;&#30340;&#24819;&#27861;&#12290;&#22240;&#27492;&#25105;&#20497;&#20063;&#23601;&#19981;&#20570;&#36889;&#20491;&#26356;&#22810;&#30340;&#38283;&#31034;&#12290;<\/p><p>&#20170;&#24180;&#26159;&#37329;&#34503;&#24180;&#65292;&#20197;&#34255;&#27511;&#30340;&#20358;&#35498;&#23601;&#26159;&#27700;&#34503;&#24180;&#12290;&#26032;&#30340;&#19968;&#24180;&#23601;&#26159;&#26032;&#30340;&#19968;&#20491;&#38283;&#22987;&#65292;&#22312;&#22352;&#30340;&#21508;&#20301;&#37117;&#26159;&#20462;&#23416;&#20315;&#27861;&#30340;&#24351;&#23376;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#24456;&#22810;&#24107;&#20804;&#20063;&#23526;&#20462;&#20102;&#22810;&#24180;&#12290;&#22240;&#27492;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#22312;&#26032;&#24180;&#38283;&#22987;&#30340;&#26178;&#20505;&#65292;&#19968;&#27171;&#20063;&#26159;&#35201;&#32380;&#32396;&#20462;&#23416;&#65292;&#22240;&#28858;&#25152;&#26377;&#30340;&#20107;&#24773;&#37117;&#26159;&#38283;&#22987;&#30340;&#26178;&#20505;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#12290;&#22240;&#27492;&#25105;&#20497;&#22312;&#26032;&#24180;&#38283;&#22987;&#30340;&#26178;&#20505;&#65292;&#20570;&#19968;&#20491;&#22909;&#30340;&#38283;&#22987;&#65292;&#35731;&#20462;&#34892;&#21448;&#21487;&#20197;&#26377;&#19968;&#20491;&#26032;&#30340;&#38283;&#22987;&#12290;<\/p><p>&#25509;&#19979;&#20358;&#26159;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Monlam, Aspiration Prayer, Determination; &#39000;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31048;&#39000; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4008;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (m&ouml;nlam);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;smon lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pranidhana paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Determination, Aspiration, Vow (Pranidhana paramita) is one of the Ten Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Monlam is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: M&ouml;nlam.\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39000;&#26159;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#32654;&#26391;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Pranidhana, Aspiration Prayer, &#31048;&#39000;, &#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;, Monlam, M&ouml;nlam&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/aspiration-prayer\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#31048;&#39000;<\/span>&#65292;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Monlam, Aspiration Prayer, Determination; &#39000;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31048;&#39000; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4008;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (m&ouml;nlam);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;smon lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pranidhana paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Determination, Aspiration, Vow (Pranidhana paramita) is one of the Ten Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Monlam is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: M&ouml;nlam.\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39000;&#26159;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#32654;&#26391;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Pranidhana, Aspiration Prayer, &#31048;&#39000;, &#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;, Monlam, M&ouml;nlam&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/aspiration-prayer\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#31048;&#39000;<\/span>&#25105;&#20497;&#25152;&#26377;&#30340;&#20837;&#19990;&#30340;&#29983;&#27963;&#20197;&#21450;&#20986;&#19990;&#30340;&#20462;&#34892;&#37117;&#21487;&#20197;&#29554;&#24471;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#20063;&#31069;&#31119;&#22823;&#23478;&#21487;&#20197;&#38263;&#22781;&#21487;&#20197;&#20581;&#24247;&#12290;<\/p><p>&#25105;&#20497;&#20170;&#22825;&#30340;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Puja, Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#26371;, &#20379;&#39178; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;&#24052;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (chopa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Puja&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A puja (chopa) is a buddhist devotion, worship or offering ceremony dedicated to a buddha, a deity or one&amp;#039;s guru, inseparable from a Buddha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#27861;&#26371;&#26159;&#23565;&#20315;&#38464;&#12289;&#33769;&#34217;&#12289;&#26412;&#23562;&#25110;&#19978;&#24107;&#30340;&#20379;&#39178;&#21644;&#23815;&#25308;&#27963;&#21205;&#12290;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#26371;, Puja, &#21371;&#24052;, Chopa&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/puja\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#27861;&#26371;<\/span>&#20027;&#35201;&#26159;&#29032;&#26705;&#30340;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#65292;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#29032;&#26705;&#30340;&#29017;&#20379;&#12290;&#22312;&#29017;&#20379;&#30340;&#26178;&#20505;&#65292;&#20027;&#35201;&#30340;&#23565;&#35937;&#26159;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Three Roots&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#26681;&#26412;: &#19978;&#24107;&#12289;&#26412;&#23562;&#12289;&#35703;&#27861;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3929;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(tsawa sum); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsa ba gsum&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Three Roots are the inner refuge of Vajrayana:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Lama is the root of blessing.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Yidam is the root of methods or accomplishments.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Khandro is the root of protection or activity.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nThe Three Roots are the basis for all positive accumulations until enlightenment.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Three Roots,  &#19977;&#26681;&#26412;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/three-roots\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19977;&#26681;&#26412;<\/span>&#65292;&#23601;&#20687;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lama, Guru; &#19978;&#24107; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21895;&#22043;\/&#25289;&#40635;, &#22266;&#22914;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lama), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (guru); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Guru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lama, Guru is a title for a teacher of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19978;&#24107;&#65292;&#21895;&#22043;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#20315;&#27861;&#32769;&#24107;&#30340;&#31281;&#34399;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21895;&#22043;,  &#19978;&#24107;,  &#22266;&#22914;,  Guru,  Lama,  &#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lama\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19978;&#24107;<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=&#039;cmtt-audio-player &#039;&gt;&lt;a class=&#039;wp-embedded-audio&#039; href=&#039;http:\/\/en&#039;&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Deity, Yidam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#26412;&#23562;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3954;&#3851;&#3921;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (yidam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yi dam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Devata;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In Vajrayana, a Yidam is a manifestation of enlightened mind or Buddha form. A Yidam can have multiple faces, arms and legs and can appear in peaceful or wrathful form.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Chakrasamvara, Kalachakra, Guhyasamaja, Cakrasamvara, Hevajra, Yamantaka, and Vajrayogini, Hayagriva, Vajrakilaya, Kurukulla, Avalokiteshvara, Manjushri, Tara and Dzambhala are some of the most common well known Yidams.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#26412;&#23562;&#26159;&#23494;&#27861;&#20315;&#24615;&#30340;&#39023;&#29694;&#65292;&#20462;&#27861;&#35264;&#24819;&#30340;&#23565;&#22659;&#12290;&#26368;&#20027;&#35201;&#30340;&#26412;&#23562;&#21253;&#25324;&#21213;&#36650;&#37329;&#21083;&#12289;&#26178;&#36650;&#37329;&#21083;&#12289;&#23494;&#37329;&#21083;&#12289;&#36650;&#37329;&#21083;&#12289;&#21916;&#37329;&#21083;&#12289;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#12289;&#37329;&#21083;&#29788;&#20285;&#27597;&#12289;&#39340;&#38957;&#26126;&#29579; &#26222;&#24052;&#37329;&#21083;&#12289;&#20316;&#26126;&#20315;&#27597;&#12289;&#35264;&#19990;&#38899;&#33769;&#34217;&#12289;&#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217;&#12289;&#24230;&#27597;&#12289;&#36106;&#24052;&#25289;&#31561;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#26412;&#23562;,  Devata,  Yidam,  Deity&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yidam\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#26412;&#23562;<\/span>&#65292;&#36889;&#20123;&#37117;&#26159;&#25105;&#20497;&#30340;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Take Refuge&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#30344;&#20381; (&#22025;&#34311;&#21331;&#29926;\/&#21152;&#34311;&#20225;&#25105;, &#22025;&#21331;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&#3851; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(kyab dro)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;, &#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3956;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926; (&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;kyab su drowa); &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3956;&#3851;&#3928;&#3910;&#3954;&#3936;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (kyab su chi o) Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;skyabs &amp;#039;gro, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;skyabs su &amp;#039;gro ba&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;skyabs su mchi&amp;#039;o&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sarana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Taking refuge is the first step to become a Buddhist, entrance to all buddhist practices. It is a commitment to accept the three jewels, Buddha as the guide, Dharma as the path and Sangha as companions, on the road to enlightenment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In Vajrayana, Buddha, Dharma and Sangha are the Outer Refuge. Three Roots: Lama, Yidam and Khandro are the Inner Refuge. The Three Bodies, or Trikaya, are the Secret Refuge.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Refuge,  Sarana,  &#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&#3851;,  &#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3956;&#3851;&#3928;&#3910;&#3954;&#3936;&#3964;,  &#30344;&#20381;,   &#21152;&#34311;&#20225;&#25105;,  kyab su chi o\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/take-refuge\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#27512;&#20381;<\/span>&#22659;&#12290;&#22240;&#27492;&#65292;&#23565;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Take Refuge&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#30344;&#20381; (&#22025;&#34311;&#21331;&#29926;\/&#21152;&#34311;&#20225;&#25105;, &#22025;&#21331;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&#3851; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(kyab dro)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;, &#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3956;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926; (&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;kyab su drowa); &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3956;&#3851;&#3928;&#3910;&#3954;&#3936;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (kyab su chi o) Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;skyabs &amp;#039;gro, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;skyabs su &amp;#039;gro ba&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;skyabs su mchi&amp;#039;o&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sarana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Taking refuge is the first step to become a Buddhist, entrance to all buddhist practices. It is a commitment to accept the three jewels, Buddha as the guide, Dharma as the path and Sangha as companions, on the road to enlightenment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In Vajrayana, Buddha, Dharma and Sangha are the Outer Refuge. Three Roots: Lama, Yidam and Khandro are the Inner Refuge. The Three Bodies, or Trikaya, are the Secret Refuge.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Refuge,  Sarana,  &#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&#3851;,  &#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3956;&#3851;&#3928;&#3910;&#3954;&#3936;&#3964;,  &#30344;&#20381;,   &#21152;&#34311;&#20225;&#25105;,  kyab su chi o\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/take-refuge\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#27512;&#20381;<\/span>&#22659;&#20570;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#65292;&#21516;&#27171;&#20063;&#26159;&#23565;&#20315;&#27861;&#20711;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Three Jewels&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20315;&#27861;&#20711;&#19977;&#23542; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21932;&#26494;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3904;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3906;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(konchok sum); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dkon mchog gsum&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Triratna&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Triratna (three jewels) are\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Buddha, the enlightened one&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Dharma, the teachings by the Buddha&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Sangha, the community of practitioners following the teachings of the Buddha&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nThe three jewels are the objects of the Buddhist Refuge.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Three Jewels,  Triple Gem,  Triratna,  &#19977;&#23542;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/three-jewels\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19977;&#23542;<\/span>&#20570;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#12290;&#37027;&#20570;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#30340;&#26178;&#20505;&#65292;&#32147;&#30001;&#29032;&#26705;&#36889;&#31278;&#20736;&#24335;&#65292;&#35731;&#36889;&#20491;&#29032;&#26705;&#30340;&#29017;&#20358;&#20570;&#19968;&#20123;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#12290;&#29032;&#26705;&#20063;&#26371;&#26377;&#28779;&#65292;&#22240;&#27492;&#20197;&#28779;&#20570;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#65292;&#37027;&#22312;&#29032;&#26705;&#35041;&#38754;&#20063;&#26377;&#24456;&#22810;&#30340;&#20379;&#21697;&#65292;&#32147;&#30001;&#36889;&#20123;&#20379;&#21697;&#23565;&#25105;&#20497;&#30340;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Three Roots&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#26681;&#26412;: &#19978;&#24107;&#12289;&#26412;&#23562;&#12289;&#35703;&#27861;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3929;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(tsawa sum); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsa ba gsum&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Three Roots are the inner refuge of Vajrayana:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Lama is the root of blessing.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Yidam is the root of methods or accomplishments.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Khandro is the root of protection or activity.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nThe Three Roots are the basis for all positive accumulations until enlightenment.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Three Roots,  &#19977;&#26681;&#26412;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/three-roots\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19977;&#26681;&#26412;<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Three Jewels&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20315;&#27861;&#20711;&#19977;&#23542; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21932;&#26494;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3904;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3906;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(konchok sum); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dkon mchog gsum&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Triratna&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Triratna (three jewels) are\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Buddha, the enlightened one&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Dharma, the teachings by the Buddha&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Sangha, the community of practitioners following the teachings of the Buddha&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nThe three jewels are the objects of the Buddhist Refuge.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Three Jewels,  Triple Gem,  Triratna,  &#19977;&#23542;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/three-jewels\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19977;&#23542;<\/span>&#65292;&#23565;&#25105;&#20497;&#30340;&#36889;&#20123;&#36039;&#31975;&#30000;&#65292;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Take Refuge&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#30344;&#20381; (&#22025;&#34311;&#21331;&#29926;\/&#21152;&#34311;&#20225;&#25105;, &#22025;&#21331;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&#3851; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(kyab dro)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;, &#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3956;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926; (&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;kyab su drowa); &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3956;&#3851;&#3928;&#3910;&#3954;&#3936;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (kyab su chi o) Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;skyabs &amp;#039;gro, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;skyabs su &amp;#039;gro ba&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;skyabs su mchi&amp;#039;o&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sarana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Taking refuge is the first step to become a Buddhist, entrance to all buddhist practices. It is a commitment to accept the three jewels, Buddha as the guide, Dharma as the path and Sangha as companions, on the road to enlightenment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In Vajrayana, Buddha, Dharma and Sangha are the Outer Refuge. Three Roots: Lama, Yidam and Khandro are the Inner Refuge. The Three Bodies, or Trikaya, are the Secret Refuge.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Refuge,  Sarana,  &#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&#3851;,  &#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3926;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3956;&#3851;&#3928;&#3910;&#3954;&#3936;&#3964;,  &#30344;&#20381;,   &#21152;&#34311;&#20225;&#25105;,  kyab su chi o\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/take-refuge\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#27512;&#20381;<\/span>&#22659;&#20570;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#12290;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#30340;&#21516;&#26178;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#20063;&#26159;&#22312;&#35731;&#25105;&#20497;&#25152;&#26377;&#30340;&#36523;&#21475;&#24847;&#30340;&#24801;&#26989;&#65292;&#21487;&#20197;&#28040;&#38500;&#65292;&#24456;&#22810;&#30340;&#38556;&#31001;&#20063;&#21487;&#20197;&#28040;&#38500;&#65292;&#35731;&#25105;&#20497;&#19981;&#28136;&#30340;&#36523;&#21475;&#24847;&#65292;&#21487;&#20197;&#36681;&#25563;&#25104;&#28165;&#28136;&#30340;&#36523;&#21475;&#24847;&#65292;&#35731;&#25105;&#20497;&#20170;&#26085;&#20063;&#21487;&#20197;&#29554;&#24471;&#20849;&#33287;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Uncommon, Exclusive; &#19981;&#20849; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21534;&#25935;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3956;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tun min); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;thun min&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In Tibetan Buddhism &amp;quot;Uncomon&amp;quot; refers to teachings or practices that are highly specialized, advanced or exclusive.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22312;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;, &amp;quot;&#19981;&#20849;&amp;quot; &#25351;&#30340;&#26159;&#39640;&#24230;&#29305;&#21029;&#12289;&#39640;&#38542;&#25110;&#29544;&#26377;&#30340;&#25945;&#27861;&#25110;&#20462;&#25345;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#19981;&#20849;,  Uncommon&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/uncommon\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19981;&#20849;<\/span>&#30340;&#36889;&#20123;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Siddhi, Attainment, Perfection, Success&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#25104;&#23601;, &#24713;&#22320; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#25105;&#20027;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3908;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3956;&#3926; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(ngo drup)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;, &#3942;&#3954;&#3851;&#3921;&#4001;&#4023;&#3954;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (siddhi); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dngos grub&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Siddhi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Siddhi,  &#24713;&#22320;,  &#3942;&#3954;&#3851;&#3921;&#4001;&#4023;&#3954;,  Ngo drup,  &#25105;&#20027;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/siddhi\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#24713;&#22320;<\/span>&#65292;&#35731;&#25105;&#20497;&#20063;&#21487;&#20197;&#25509;&#21463;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lama, Guru; &#19978;&#24107; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21895;&#22043;\/&#25289;&#40635;, &#22266;&#22914;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lama), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (guru); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Guru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lama, Guru is a title for a teacher of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19978;&#24107;&#65292;&#21895;&#22043;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#20315;&#27861;&#32769;&#24107;&#30340;&#31281;&#34399;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21895;&#22043;,  &#19978;&#24107;,  &#22266;&#22914;,  Guru,  Lama,  &#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lama\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19978;&#24107;<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Three Jewels&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20315;&#27861;&#20711;&#19977;&#23542; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21932;&#26494;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3904;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3906;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(konchok sum); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dkon mchog gsum&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Triratna&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Triratna (three jewels) are\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Buddha, the enlightened one&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Dharma, the teachings by the Buddha&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Sangha, the community of practitioners following the teachings of the Buddha&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nThe three jewels are the objects of the Buddhist Refuge.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Three Jewels,  Triple Gem,  Triratna,  &#19977;&#23542;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/three-jewels\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19977;&#23542;<\/span>&#30340;&#36889;&#20123;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Consecrate, Bless&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21152;&#25345;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#20170;&#21513;&#25289;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4017;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3954;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#3938;&#4019;&#3926;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (chin gyi lap); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;byin gyis brlab&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21152;&#25345;,  Consecrate,  Bless&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%96%e0%be%b1%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%82%e0%be%b1%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%a6%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%96%e0%bd%a2%e0%be%b3%e0%bd%96\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#21152;&#25345;<\/span>&#12290;<\/p><p>&#29017;&#20379;&#30340;&#21516;&#26178;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#20063;&#26159;&#22312;&#20462;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#35703;&#27861;<\/span>&#12290;&#23565;&#19990;&#38291;&#30340;&#19968;&#20123;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#35703;&#27861;<\/span>&#20358;&#35611;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#22312;&#36889;&#35041;&#20063;&#26159;&#20570;&#28165;&#28136;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pledge, Vow, Samaya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#26151;&#32822;&#25106; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#27801;&#40635;&#20126;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3928;&#3851;&#3930;&#3954;&#3906;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (dam tsik), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3851;&#3937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (samaya); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dam tshig, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sa ma ya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Samaya;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Samaya is a set of vows or commitments by Vajrayana practitioners as part of empowerment or initiation that bonds the guru and disciple.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19977;&#26151;&#32822;&#26159;&#23565;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#19978;&#24107;&#25110;&#26159;&#23565;&#20462;&#27861;&#19978;&#30340;&#35475;&#35328;&#25110;&#25215;&#35582;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Samaya, &#19977;&#26151;&#32822;, &#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3851;&#3937;, &#27801;&#40635;&#20126;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/samaya\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19977;&#26151;&#32822;<\/span>&#30340;&#20462;&#34892;&#65292;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#25105;&#20497;&#22312;&#20379;&#22857;&#20102;&#26576;&#19968;&#20491;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#35703;&#27861;<\/span>&#20043;&#24460;&#65292;&#22914;&#26524;&#23565;&#36889;&#20123;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#35703;&#27861;<\/span>&#26377;&#19968;&#20123;&#36942;&#22833;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#24179;&#24120;&#35201;&#20462;&#20294;&#26159;&#27794;&#26377;&#20462;&#22909;&#30340;&#35441;&#65292;&#37027;&#32147;&#30001;&#20170;&#22825;&#30340;&#36889;&#20491;&#29017;&#20379;&#21487;&#20197;&#20570;&#19968;&#20123;&#35036;&#32570;&#12290;&#21478;&#22806;&#65292;&#27599;&#19968;&#20491;&#22320;&#26041;&#37117;&#26371;&#26377;&#22320;&#20027;&#65292;&#26371;&#26377;&#22320;&#27597;&#65292;&#26371;&#26377;&#22303;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Earth Goddess, Prithvi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22320;&#31070;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Prithvi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#22320;&#31070;,  Earth Goddess&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/prithvi\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#22320;&#31070;<\/span>&#65292;&#36889;&#27171;&#23376;&#30340;&#19968;&#20123;&#31070;&#38728;&#12290;&#22914;&#26524;&#22240;&#28858;&#25105;&#20497;&#34892;&#28858;&#65292;&#34389;&#20107;&#19981;&#30070;&#31561;&#31561;&#65292;&#20063;&#26371;&#36935;&#21040;&#19968;&#20123;&#27604;&#36611;&#40635;&#29033;&#30340;&#20107;&#24773;&#65292;&#27604;&#36611;&#26377;&#38556;&#31001;&#30340;&#19968;&#20123;&#20107;&#24773;&#12290;&#21516;&#27171;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#22312;&#36889;&#35041;&#23601;&#26159;&#20570;&#19968;&#20491;&#39000;&#36889;&#20123;&#22320;&#20027;&#12289;&#22320;&#27597;&#12289;&#22303;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Earth Goddess, Prithvi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22320;&#31070;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Prithvi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#22320;&#31070;,  Earth Goddess&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/prithvi\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#22320;&#31070;<\/span>&#65292;&#21487;&#20197;&#26377;&#19968;&#20491;&#35538;&#35299;&#30340;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Spiritual practice, Tukdam; &#20462;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22294;&#20811;&#20025;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3956;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(tukdam);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;thugs dam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tukdam has multiple meanings: spiritual practice, meditation, spiritual pledge, commitment, tantric god. It is also a honorific term that refers to the meditative practice following the death of a great master.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22294;&#20811;&#20025;&#26377;&#22810;&#37325;&#21547;&#32681;:&nbsp; &#31109;&#23450;; &#31048;&#31095;; &#20462;&#34892;; &#31070;&#22307;&#30340;&#22865;&#32422;; &#23432;&#25252;&#31070;; &#19968;&#20491;&#25964;&#35486;&#25351;&#22823;&#24107;&#21435;&#19990;&#24460;&#30340;&#31109;&#23450;&#26178;&#26399;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Spiritual practice,  &#20462;&#27861;,  Tukdam&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%90%e0%bd%b4%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%a6%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%98\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20462;&#27861;<\/span>&#12290;&#21478;&#22806;&#65292;&#23601;&#20687;&#25105;&#20497;&#22312;&#36942;&#21435;&#30340;&#22240;&#32227;&#35041;&#38754;&#65292;&#22914;&#26524;&#26377;&#30475;&#21040;&#19968;&#20123;&#25110;&#30896;&#21040;&#19968;&#20123;&#27604;&#36611;&#39634;&#30340;&#20107;&#24773;&#65292;&#26377;&#20013;&#37034;&#36889;&#27171;&#23376;&#30340;&#19968;&#20123;&#20107;&#24773;&#30340;&#35441;&#65292;&#32147;&#30001;&#36889;&#20123;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Spiritual practice, Tukdam; &#20462;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22294;&#20811;&#20025;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3956;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(tukdam);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;thugs dam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tukdam has multiple meanings: spiritual practice, meditation, spiritual pledge, commitment, tantric god. It is also a honorific term that refers to the meditative practice following the death of a great master.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22294;&#20811;&#20025;&#26377;&#22810;&#37325;&#21547;&#32681;:&nbsp; &#31109;&#23450;; &#31048;&#31095;; &#20462;&#34892;; &#31070;&#22307;&#30340;&#22865;&#32422;; &#23432;&#25252;&#31070;; &#19968;&#20491;&#25964;&#35486;&#25351;&#22823;&#24107;&#21435;&#19990;&#24460;&#30340;&#31109;&#23450;&#26178;&#26399;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Spiritual practice,  &#20462;&#27861;,  Tukdam&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%90%e0%bd%b4%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%a6%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%98\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20462;&#27861;<\/span>&#30070;&#28982;&#21487;&#20197;&#24471;&#21040;&#36889;&#20491;&#38500;&#38556;&#30340;&#25928;&#26524;&#12290;<\/p><p>&#23565;&#26044;&#20986;&#19990;&#30340;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#35703;&#27861;<\/span>&#65292;&#20855;&#26377;&#36889;&#20123;&#20986;&#19990;&#26234;&#24935;&#30340;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#35703;&#27861;<\/span>&#65292;&#36889;&#27171;&#23376;&#30340;&#19968;&#20123;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#35703;&#27861;<\/span>&#37117;&#26159;&#20315;&#25945;&#30340;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#35703;&#27861;<\/span>&#65292;&#37117;&#26159;&#21892;&#31070;&#65292;&#36889;&#20123;&#21892;&#31070;&#25105;&#20497;&#21435;&#36106;&#32654;&#20182;&#65292;&#36106;&#22022;&#20182;&#65292;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rejoice&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#38568;&#21916; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#30342;&#34311; &#20234;&#35731;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3956;&#3851;&#3937;&#3954;&#3851;&#3938;&#3908;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(jesu yi rang); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rjes su yi rang&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Rejoice,  &#38568;&#21916;  &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/rejoice\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#38568;&#21916;<\/span>&#36106;&#32654;&#20182;&#25152;&#26377;&#30340;&#21151;&#24503;&#65292;&#37027;&#36889;&#27171;&#23376;&#35731;&#36889;&#20123;&#26234;&#24935;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#35703;&#27861;<\/span>&#20063;&#35722;&#24471;&#26356;&#26377;&#21147;&#37327;&#20358;&#20445;&#35703;&#25105;&#20497;&#65292;&#25152;&#35586;&#30340;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Enlightened Activities, Thinley&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20107;&#26989;, &#20315;&#34892;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24311;&#21033;, &#27453;&#38647;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3925;&#4018;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3939;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (thinley); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;phrin las&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Thinley is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Thrinle, Trinle, Trinley, Thinle, Trinlay.\n&#24311;&#21033; \/ &#27453;&#38647; \/ &#36196;&#28872; \/ &#38515;&#21015; \/ &#36196;&#21015; \/ &#25104;&#28872; &#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Thinle, &#20315;&#34892;,  &#27453;&#38647;,  &#38515;&#21015;,  &#24311;&#21033;,  &#25104;&#28872;,  Enlightened Activities &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/thinley\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20315;&#34892;<\/span>&#20107;&#26989;&#24471;&#20197;&#38283;&#23637;&#12290;&#37027;&#36889;&#20491;&#20063;&#26159;&#22312;&#29017;&#20379;&#30340;&#26178;&#20505;&#19968;&#20006;&#20358;&#20462;&#12290;<\/p><p>&#31070;&#26377;&#24456;&#22810;&#65292;&#37027;&#20182;&#20497;&#26377;&#19968;&#20123;&#26159;&#22909;&#30340;&#65292;&#26377;&#19968;&#20123;&#26159;&#22750;&#30340;&#65292;&#22240;&#27492;&#26377;&#21892;&#36319;&#19981;&#21892;&#30340;&#36889;&#31278;&#21312;&#20998;&#12290;&#23565;&#26044;&#21892;&#31070;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#38656;&#35201;&#21435;&#36106;&#32654;&#20182;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#35201;&#20570;&#24456;&#22810;&#30340;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#65292;&#36889;&#27171;&#23376;&#21487;&#20197;&#35731;&#22909;&#30340;&#31070;&#21644;&#20182;&#30340;&#23041;&#21147;&#22686;&#24375;&#12290;&#30070;&#36889;&#20123;&#22909;&#30340;&#31070;&#65292;&#20182;&#30340;&#23041;&#22196;&#65292;&#20182;&#30340;&#31119;&#22577;&#65292;&#20182;&#30340;&#21147;&#37327;&#22686;&#24291;&#22686;&#24375;&#20102;&#20043;&#24460;&#65292;&#23565;&#25105;&#20497;&#20358;&#35611;&#20063;&#26159;&#22909;&#20107;&#65292;&#21487;&#20197;&#35731;&#25105;&#20497;&#24456;&#22810;&#20107;&#24773;&#24515;&#24819;&#20107;&#25104;&#12290;&#22914;&#26524;&#25105;&#20497;&#19981;&#21435;&#36106;&#32654;&#19990;&#38291;&#22909;&#30340;&#31070;&#65292;&#32780;&#24120;&#24120;&#21435;&#25308;&#19968;&#20123;&#19981;&#22909;&#30340;&#31070;&#65292;&#23601;&#26371;&#35731;&#36889;&#20123;&#24801;&#31070;&#35722;&#24471;&#26377;&#21147;&#37327;&#65292;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#35498;&#23565;&#25105;&#20497;&#20154;&#19990;&#38291;&#29986;&#29983;&#20102;&#19968;&#20123;&#38556;&#31001;&#65292;&#23565;&#20491;&#20154;&#20358;&#35611;&#65292;&#20063;&#26371;&#36896;&#25104;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&#22240;&#27492;&#22312;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#35703;&#27861;<\/span>&#35041;&#38754;&#65292;&#22312;&#36889;&#20123;&#31070;&#30070;&#20013;&#65292;&#20063;&#26377;&#36889;&#27171;&#30340;&#22240;&#32227;&#12290;&#22240;&#27492;&#25105;&#20497;&#35201;&#24448;&#22909;&#30340;&#22240;&#32227;&#21435;&#20462;&#65292;&#36889;&#27171;&#23565;&#25105;&#20497;&#20491;&#20154;&#20358;&#35611;&#65292;&#23565;&#25152;&#26377;&#30340;&#30526;&#29983;&#20358;&#35611;&#37117;&#26159;&#22909;&#20107;&#12290;&#22240;&#27492;&#22312;&#29017;&#20379;&#30070;&#20013;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#20462;&#30340;&#23601;&#26159;&#21435;&#35738;&#32654;&#19968;&#20123;&#22909;&#30340;&#31070;&#65292;&#21435;&#35738;&#27470;&#19968;&#20123;&#22909;&#30340;&#31070;&#65292;&#21435;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#19968;&#20123;&#22909;&#30340;&#31070;&#12290;&nbsp;<\/p><p>&#20197;&#19968;&#33324;&#34255;&#26310;&#36942;&#24180;&#20358;&#35611;&#65292;&#22823;&#24180;&#21021;&#19968;&#30340;&#26178;&#20505;&#37117;&#26371;&#21435;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Monastery, Gompa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#23546;&#38498;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#36002;&#24052;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3906;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (gompa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dgon pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;ara&#7751;ya;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Gompa,  Monastery,  &#23546;&#38498;,  &#36002;&#24052;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/gompa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#23546;&#38498;<\/span>&#35041;&#38754;&#65292;&#25308;&#35211;&#12289;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lama, Guru; &#19978;&#24107; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21895;&#22043;\/&#25289;&#40635;, &#22266;&#22914;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lama), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (guru); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Guru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lama, Guru is a title for a teacher of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19978;&#24107;&#65292;&#21895;&#22043;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#20315;&#27861;&#32769;&#24107;&#30340;&#31281;&#34399;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21895;&#22043;,  &#19978;&#24107;,  &#22266;&#22914;,  Guru,  Lama,  &#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lama\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19978;&#24107;<\/span>&#65292;&#36889;&#20123;&#37117;&#26159;&#22823;&#24180;&#21021;&#19968;&#26371;&#20570;&#30340;&#12290;&#22312;&#21021;&#19977;&#30340;&#26178;&#20505;&#65292;&#23601;&#26371;&#20570;&#36889;&#20491;&#29017;&#20379;&#12290;&#37027;&#25105;&#20497;&#34255;&#26310;&#20063;&#22909;&#65292;&#36786;&#26310;&#20063;&#22909;&#65292;&#22823;&#32004;&#23601;&#26159;&#21021;&#20108;&#25110;&#32773;&#26159;&#21021;&#19977;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#23601;&#26159;&#20170;&#22825;&#23433;&#25490;&#29017;&#20379;&#30340;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Spiritual practice, Tukdam; &#20462;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22294;&#20811;&#20025;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3956;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(tukdam);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;thugs dam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tukdam has multiple meanings: spiritual practice, meditation, spiritual pledge, commitment, tantric god. It is also a honorific term that refers to the meditative practice following the death of a great master.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22294;&#20811;&#20025;&#26377;&#22810;&#37325;&#21547;&#32681;:&nbsp; &#31109;&#23450;; &#31048;&#31095;; &#20462;&#34892;; &#31070;&#22307;&#30340;&#22865;&#32422;; &#23432;&#25252;&#31070;; &#19968;&#20491;&#25964;&#35486;&#25351;&#22823;&#24107;&#21435;&#19990;&#24460;&#30340;&#31109;&#23450;&#26178;&#26399;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Spiritual practice,  &#20462;&#27861;,  Tukdam&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%90%e0%bd%b4%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%a6%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%98\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20462;&#27861;<\/span>&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#36942;&#24180;&#22312;&#20315;&#23416;&#20013;&#24515;&#20570;&#29017;&#20379;&#65292;&#36889;&#20491;&#20063;&#26159;&#31532;&#19968;&#27425;&#12290;&nbsp;<\/p><p>&#25105;&#20497;&#36889;&#19968;&#27425;&#20462;&#35494;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#35703;&#27861;<\/span>&#30340;&#27861;&#26412;&#65292;&#27794;&#26377;&#32763;&#35695;&#25104;&#20013;&#25991;&#65292;&#22240;&#27492;&#25509;&#19979;&#20358;&#65292;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lama, Guru; &#19978;&#24107; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21895;&#22043;\/&#25289;&#40635;, &#22266;&#22914;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lama), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (guru); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Guru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lama, Guru is a title for a teacher of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19978;&#24107;&#65292;&#21895;&#22043;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#20315;&#27861;&#32769;&#24107;&#30340;&#31281;&#34399;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21895;&#22043;,  &#19978;&#24107;,  &#22266;&#22914;,  Guru,  Lama,  &#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lama\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19978;&#24107;<\/span>&#20182;&#20497;&#20462;&#35494;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#35703;&#27861;<\/span>&#30340;&#26178;&#20505;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#33258;&#24049;&#36889;&#20123;&#24351;&#23376;&#23601;&#24565;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Five Elements; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20116;&#22823;&#31278;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3926;&#4017;&#3956;&#3908;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3939;&#3988; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(jung wa nga); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;byung ba lnga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sanskrit:&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Pancabhuta;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Five Elements (earth, water, fire, wind, and space) are the constituents of physical matters.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#20116;&#22823; (&#22320;&#12289;&#27700;&#12289;&#28779;&#12289;&#39080;&#12289;&#31354;) &#26159;&#22806;&#22312;&#21450;&#36523;&#39636;&#30340;&#29289;&#36074;&#25104;&#20221;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Pancabhuta,  Five Elements,  &#20116;&#22823;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/pancabhuta\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20116;&#22823;<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Monlam, Aspiration Prayer, Determination; &#39000;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31048;&#39000; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4008;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (m&ouml;nlam);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;smon lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pranidhana paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Determination, Aspiration, Vow (Pranidhana paramita) is one of the Ten Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Monlam is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: M&ouml;nlam.\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39000;&#26159;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#32654;&#26391;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Pranidhana, Aspiration Prayer, &#31048;&#39000;, &#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;, Monlam, M&ouml;nlam&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/aspiration-prayer\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#31048;&#39000;<\/span>&#25991;&#12290;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Five Elements; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20116;&#22823;&#31278;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3926;&#4017;&#3956;&#3908;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3939;&#3988; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(jung wa nga); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;byung ba lnga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sanskrit:&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Pancabhuta;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Five Elements (earth, water, fire, wind, and space) are the constituents of physical matters.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#20116;&#22823; (&#22320;&#12289;&#27700;&#12289;&#28779;&#12289;&#39080;&#12289;&#31354;) &#26159;&#22806;&#22312;&#21450;&#36523;&#39636;&#30340;&#29289;&#36074;&#25104;&#20221;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Pancabhuta,  Five Elements,  &#20116;&#22823;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/pancabhuta\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20116;&#22823;<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Monlam, Aspiration Prayer, Determination; &#39000;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31048;&#39000; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4008;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (m&ouml;nlam);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;smon lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pranidhana paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Determination, Aspiration, Vow (Pranidhana paramita) is one of the Ten Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Monlam is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: M&ouml;nlam.\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39000;&#26159;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#32654;&#26391;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Pranidhana, Aspiration Prayer, &#31048;&#39000;, &#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;, Monlam, M&ouml;nlam&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/aspiration-prayer\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#31048;&#39000;<\/span>&#25991;&#65292;&#31532;&#19968;&#20491;&#26159;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Samantabhadra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26222;&#36066;&#29579;&#22914;&#20358;, &#26222;&#36066;&#33769;&#34217;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3904;&#3956;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3956;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (Kuntuzangpo); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;kun tu bzang po&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Samantabhadra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Samantabhadra is the primordial dharmakaya buddha. Samantabhadra is also the last of the Eight bodhisattvas.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#26222;&#36066;&#29579;&#22914;&#20358;&#26159;&#21407;&#21021;&#27861;&#36523;&#20315;&#12290;&#26222;&#36066;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#20843;&#22823;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#26368;&#24460;&#19968;&#23562;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Samantabhadra, &#26222;&#36066;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/samantabhadra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#26222;&#36066;<\/span>&#34892;&#39000;&#21697;&#65292;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Samantabhadra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26222;&#36066;&#29579;&#22914;&#20358;, &#26222;&#36066;&#33769;&#34217;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3904;&#3956;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3956;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (Kuntuzangpo); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;kun tu bzang po&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Samantabhadra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Samantabhadra is the primordial dharmakaya buddha. Samantabhadra is also the last of the Eight bodhisattvas.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#26222;&#36066;&#29579;&#22914;&#20358;&#26159;&#21407;&#21021;&#27861;&#36523;&#20315;&#12290;&#26222;&#36066;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#20843;&#22823;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#26368;&#24460;&#19968;&#23562;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Samantabhadra, &#26222;&#36066;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/samantabhadra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#26222;&#36066;<\/span>&#34892;&#39000;&#21697;&#35041;&#38754;&#38283;&#22987;&#30340;&#37096;&#20221;&#23601;&#26159;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Seven Limb Practice&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19971;&#25903;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3923;&#3851;&#3939;&#3906;&#3851;&#3926;&#3921;&#3956;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (yan-lag bdun); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yan lag bdun&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sapt&#257;&#7749;gap&#363;j&#257;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;prostrating &#38914;&#31150;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;offering &#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;confessing &#25082;&#24724;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;rejoicing &#38568;&#21916;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;requesting to turn the wheel of Dharma &#35531;&#36681;&#27861;&#36650;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;beseeching to not pass into nirvana &#35531;&#20315;&#20303;&#19990;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;dedicating merits &#36852;&#21521;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#19971;&#25903;&#20379;&#39178;,  Seven Limb&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/seven-limb-practice\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19971;&#25903;&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#65292;&#20381;&#29031;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Seven Limb Practice&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19971;&#25903;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3923;&#3851;&#3939;&#3906;&#3851;&#3926;&#3921;&#3956;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (yan-lag bdun); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yan lag bdun&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sapt&#257;&#7749;gap&#363;j&#257;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;prostrating &#38914;&#31150;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;offering &#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;confessing &#25082;&#24724;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;rejoicing &#38568;&#21916;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;requesting to turn the wheel of Dharma &#35531;&#36681;&#27861;&#36650;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;beseeching to not pass into nirvana &#35531;&#20315;&#20303;&#19990;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;dedicating merits &#36852;&#21521;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#19971;&#25903;&#20379;&#39178;,  Seven Limb&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/seven-limb-practice\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19971;&#25903;&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#65292;&#20570;&#19968;&#20123;&#32047;&#31309;&#36039;&#31975;&#30340;&#20462;&#34892;&#65292;&#21435;&#38500;&#38556;&#31001;&#30340;&#19968;&#20123;&#20462;&#34892;&#65292;&#36889;&#20491;&#26377;&#24456;&#22810;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rejoice&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#38568;&#21916; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#30342;&#34311; &#20234;&#35731;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3956;&#3851;&#3937;&#3954;&#3851;&#3938;&#3908;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(jesu yi rang); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rjes su yi rang&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Rejoice,  &#38568;&#21916;  &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/rejoice\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#38568;&#21916;<\/span>&#36106;&#22022;&#36319;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#30340;&#20839;&#23481;&#65292;&#27492;&#26178;&#21487;&#20197;&#20570;&#25105;&#20497;&#21083;&#21083;&#35611;&#30340;&#36889;&#27171;&#23376;&#30340;&#19968;&#20123;&#24605;&#32173;&#12290;&#25105;&#20497;&#22312;&#24456;&#22810;&#30340;&#27861;&#26412;&#35041;&#38754;&#20063;&#26371;&#30475;&#21040;&#25152;&#35586;&#30340;&#22235;&#30526;&#36051;&#23458;&#65292;&#20315;&#27861;&#20711;&#30340;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Three Jewels&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20315;&#27861;&#20711;&#19977;&#23542; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21932;&#26494;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3904;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3906;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(konchok sum); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dkon mchog gsum&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Triratna&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Triratna (three jewels) are\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Buddha, the enlightened one&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Dharma, the teachings by the Buddha&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Sangha, the community of practitioners following the teachings of the Buddha&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nThe three jewels are the objects of the Buddhist Refuge.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Three Jewels,  Triple Gem,  Triratna,  &#19977;&#23542;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/three-jewels\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19977;&#23542;<\/span>&#20063;&#26159;&#20854;&#20013;&#30340;&#19968;&#20491;&#36051;&#23458;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#20570;&#29017;&#20379;&#30340;&#26178;&#20505;&#23601;&#26159;&#19968;&#31278;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#65292;&#22240;&#27492;&#23565;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Three Jewels&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20315;&#27861;&#20711;&#19977;&#23542; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21932;&#26494;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3904;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3906;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(konchok sum); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dkon mchog gsum&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Triratna&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Triratna (three jewels) are\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Buddha, the enlightened one&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Dharma, the teachings by the Buddha&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Sangha, the community of practitioners following the teachings of the Buddha&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nThe three jewels are the objects of the Buddhist Refuge.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Three Jewels,  Triple Gem,  Triratna,  &#19977;&#23542;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/three-jewels\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19977;&#23542;<\/span>&#23565;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Three Roots&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#26681;&#26412;: &#19978;&#24107;&#12289;&#26412;&#23562;&#12289;&#35703;&#27861;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3929;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(tsawa sum); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsa ba gsum&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Three Roots are the inner refuge of Vajrayana:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Lama is the root of blessing.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Yidam is the root of methods or accomplishments.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Khandro is the root of protection or activity.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nThe Three Roots are the basis for all positive accumulations until enlightenment.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Three Roots,  &#19977;&#26681;&#26412;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/three-roots\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#19977;&#26681;&#26412;<\/span>&#26159;&#22312;&#20570;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#12290;&#37027;&#23601;&#20687;&#19968;&#20123;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#35703;&#27861;<\/span>&#30340;&#35441;&#65292;&#19990;&#38291;&#30340;&#65292;&#20986;&#19990;&#38291;&#30340;&#65292;&#38500;&#20102;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span>&#20043;&#22806;&#65292;&#25105;&#20497;&#20063;&#26159;&#22312;&#20570;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Generosity, Jinpa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#24067;&#26045;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#20170;&#24052;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4006;&#4017;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (jin pa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sbyin pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dana paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Generosity (Dana paramita) is one of the Six Perfections. Jinpa is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Chinpa, Djinpa, Jimpa.\n&#24067;&#26045;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#20170;&#24052; \/ &#37329;&#24052; &#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#24067;&#26045;,  &#20296;&#26045;,  Generosity,  Dana Paramita,  &#37329;&#24052;,  &#20170;&#24052;,  Jinpa,  Chinpa&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/generosity\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#24067;&#26045;<\/span>&#65292;&#22240;&#27492;&#20570;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20379;&#39178;<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Generosity, Jinpa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#24067;&#26045;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#20170;&#24052;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4006;&#4017;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (jin pa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sbyin pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dana paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Generosity (Dana paramita) is one of the Six Perfections. Jinpa is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Chinpa, Djinpa, Jimpa.\n&#24067;&#26045;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#20170;&#24052; \/ &#37329;&#24052; &#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#24067;&#26045;,  &#20296;&#26045;,  Generosity,  Dana Paramita,  &#37329;&#24052;,  &#20170;&#24052;,  Jinpa,  Chinpa&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/generosity\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#24067;&#26045;<\/span>&#30340;&#21516;&#26178;&#65292;&#23601;&#26159;&#32147;&#30001;&#36889;&#27171;&#23376;&#30340;&#19968;&#20491;&#34892;&#28858;&#65292;&#20358;&#22291;&#28415;&#25105;&#20497;&#20491;&#20154;&#30340;&#20107;&#26989;&#65292;&#30526;&#29983;&#30340;&#20107;&#26989;&#65292;&#36889;&#20491;&#23601;&#26159;&#25972;&#20491;&#29017;&#20379;&#30340;&#19968;&#20491;&#20839;&#23481;&#12290;<\/p><p>http:\/\/www.<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Kunphen, Beneficial to all; &#26222;&#21033;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#26118;&#33452;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3904;&#3956;&#3923;&#3851;&#3925;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(kunphen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;kun phan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Kunphen,  &#26222;&#21033;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/kunphen\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>kunphen<\/span>.com\/html\/2013\/gljy_0220\/122.html<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8ac7\u7159\u4f9b\u53ca\u8b77\u6cd5\u7684\u4f9b\u5949<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8995,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[255],"tags":[920,558],"class_list":["post-4916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teaching","tag-chinese","tag-558"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u5927\u5e74\u521d\u4e09\u7948\u9858\u6cd5\u6703\u958b\u793a (\u8ac7\u7159\u4f9b\u53ca\u8b77\u6cd5\u7684\u4f9b\u5949) || Smoke Puja and Protector Offering Teaching - Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok 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