{"id":4883,"date":"2019-03-29T15:43:22","date_gmt":"2019-03-29T19:43:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/?p=4883"},"modified":"2025-03-06T23:23:46","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T04:23:46","slug":"teaching-on-aspiration-prayer-for-the-flourishing-of-ganden-teachings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/teaching-on-aspiration-prayer-for-the-flourishing-of-ganden-teachings\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7518\u4e39\u8056\u6559\u589e\u5ee3\u9858\u6587\u8b1b\u89e3 || Teaching on Aspiration Prayer for the Flourishing of Ganden Teachings"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4883\" class=\"elementor elementor-4883\" data-elementor-settings='{\"element_pack_global_tooltip_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_width_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_width_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true}}' data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-591b0e6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"591b0e6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a8390f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2a8390f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Teaching on Aspiration Prayer for the Flourishing of Ganden Teachings<br>\n&#12298;&#29976;&#20025;&#32854;&#25945;&#22686;&#24291;&#39000;&#25991;&#12299;&#35611;&#35299;<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e75de4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9e75de4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"744\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/tsongkapa2008C-744x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5943\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/tsongkapa2008C-744x1024.jpg 744w, https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/tsongkapa2008C-218x300.jpg 218w, https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/tsongkapa2008C-768x1057.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/tsongkapa2008C.jpg 930w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 744px) 100vw, 744px\"\/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div style=\"position: relative;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-047fa71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor bdt-element-link\" data-id=\"047fa71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><a href=\"\/zh-hant\/teaching-on-aspiration-prayer-for-the-flourishing-of-ganden-teachings\/\" class=\"bdt-element-link-anchor bdt-position-cover\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:1;\" aria-label=\"Visit link\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px; font-family: 'arial black', sans-serif;\">&#35531;&#40670;&#36889;&#35041;&#36914;&#20837; &laquo;&nbsp;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ganden Monastery&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#29976;&#20025;&#23546; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22134;&#20025;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3906;&#3936;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; (ganden); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dga&amp;#039; ldan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden\/Gaden is one of the three great Gelug university monasteries of Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden was founded by Tsongkhapa in 1409. It is located approximately 50 kilometers east of Lhasa.&nbsp;Ganden has been the seat of the Ganden Tripa, the Holder of the Golden Throne of Ganden and head of the Gelug Tradition.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden Monastery has two colleges, Jangtse and Shartse, meaning North Peak and East Peak respectively.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In India, Ganden Monastery was established in Mundgod in 1966.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#29976;&#20025;&#23546;&#26159;&#26684;&#39791;&#25945;&#27966;&#30340;&#31062;&#23546;&#65292;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#26044;1409&#24180;&#31820;&#24314;&#65292;&#24847;&#28858;&amp;quot;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&rdquo;&#65292;&#26159;&#26410;&#20358;&#20315;&#24396;&#21202;&#25152;&#25945;&#21270;&#30340;&#19990;&#30028;&#65292;&#33287;&#21746;&#34444;&#23546;&#12289;&#33394;&#25289;&#23546;&#21512;&#31281;&#25289;&#34217;&#26684;&#40065;&#27966;&amp;quot;&#19977;&#22823;&#23546;&rdquo;&#12290;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tushita Heaven&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &nbsp;Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3921;&#3906;&#3936;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(ganden); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dga&amp;#039; ldan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; Tusita;&nbsp;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tushita Heaven, Joyous Realm is one of the celestial heavens of the Six Heavens or pure lands of the Desire Realm where gods and bodhisattvas reside and presided over by Maitreya. Nirmanakaya buddhas descend to take birth in the world from Tushita.&nbsp;Buddha Shakyamuni resided here as bodhisattva Shvetaketu. Before he leave for earth, Shakyamuni placed his crown on bodhisattva Maitreya&amp;#039;s head. Maitreya will in turn takes birth as the future buddha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The beings of this world are 3,000 feet (910 m) tall and live for 4000 years or 576,000,000 human years (according to Sarvastivada tradition). The height of this world is 320 yojanas above the Earth.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#12289;&#21916;&#27138;&#22825;&#65292;&#26159;&#27442;&#30028;&#20845;&#27442;&#22825;&#20043;&#31532;&#22235;&#22825;&#65292;320 &#30001;&#26092;&#39640;&#65292;&#26377;&#20839;&#22806;&#20841;&#38498;&#65292;&#22806;&#38498;&#26159;&#20961;&#22827;&#26524;&#22577;&#22825;&#23470;&#65292;&#20839;&#38498;&#26159;&#28136;&#22303;&#65292;&#33769;&#34217;&#20462;&#21151;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#20415;&#19979;&#29983;&#20154;&#38291;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#26410;&#25104;&#20315;&#21069;&#23621;&#20303;&#22312;&#20839;&#38498;&#65292;&#24396;&#21202;&#33769;&#34217;&#29694;&#23621;&#20839;&#38498;&#35498;&#27861;&#65292;&#25925;&#31281;&#20043;&#28858;&#24396;&#21202;&#28136;&#22303;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#20154;&#36523;&#37327;&#28858;1&#20465;&#30439;&#33293;&#65292;&#20197;&#20154;&#38291; 400&#27506;&#28858;&#19968;&#26205;&#22812;&#65292;&#23450;&#22781; 4000&#27506;&#65292;&#26159;&#20154;&#38291; 576,000,000&#24180;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Ganden,  &#29976;&#20025;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/ganden\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">&#29976;&#20025;<\/span>&#32854;&#25945;&#22686;&#24291;&#39000;&#25991;&#35611;&#35299;&nbsp;&raquo; &#20013;&#25991;&#38913;&#38754; <\/span><\/strong><\/span><br>Please click here for the Chinese Version<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19327e4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"19327e4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1893cd4 elementor-cta--layout-image-right elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-bg-transform elementor-bg-transform-zoom-in elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"1893cd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta\" href=\"\/aspiration-prayer-for-the-flourishing-of-the-noble-gendan-tradition\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/go.jpg);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"go\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tAspiration Prayer for the Flourishing of the Noble Gandan Tradition<br>&#29976;&#20025;&#32854;&#25945;&#22686;&#24291;&#39000;&#25991;\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab6bb1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ab6bb1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c56ff4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7c56ff4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Jangtse Choje Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche Teaching on<br>Aspiration Prayer for the Flourishing of Ganden Teachings<\/h3><p style=\"text-align: center;\">2012-12-08<\/p><p>Today is the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lamp Offering, Aloke&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#29128; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#38463;&#27931;&#32102;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&#3962; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(mar me), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3944;&#3851;&#3939;&#3964;&#3851;&#3904;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (aloke); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mar me&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Aloke&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lamp Offering (aloke) is one of eight outer sense offerings.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20379;&#29128;&#26159;&#20843;&#20379;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Aloke,  &#3944;&#3851;&#3939;&#3964;&#3851;&#3904;&#3962;,  &#20379;&#29128;,  Lamp Offering&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lamp-offering\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Lamp Offering<\/span> Day of our master <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>, and it is also the commemoration day of Master <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>.<\/p><p>There are two types of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Monlam, Aspiration Prayer, Determination; &#39000;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31048;&#39000; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4008;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (m&ouml;nlam);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;smon lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pranidhana paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Determination, Aspiration, Vow (Pranidhana paramita) is one of the Ten Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Monlam is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: M&ouml;nlam.\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39000;&#26159;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#32654;&#26391;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Pranidhana, Aspiration Prayer, &#31048;&#39000;, &#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;, Monlam, M&ouml;nlam&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/aspiration-prayer\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">aspiration prayer<\/span>s for <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s teachings. One is the &laquo;&nbsp;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Monlam, Aspiration Prayer, Determination; &#39000;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31048;&#39000; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4008;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (m&ouml;nlam);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;smon lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pranidhana paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Determination, Aspiration, Vow (Pranidhana paramita) is one of the Ten Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Monlam is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: M&ouml;nlam.\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39000;&#26159;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#32654;&#26391;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Pranidhana, Aspiration Prayer, &#31048;&#39000;, &#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;, Monlam, M&ouml;nlam&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/aspiration-prayer\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Aspiration Prayer<\/span> to Encounter the Teachings of the Great <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>, King of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Three Realms&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#30028;, &#19977;&#26377;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24247;&#38924;&#65292;&#25749;&#38924;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3905;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (kham sum), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4018;&#3954;&#3921;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (si sum); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Trailokya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Trailokya, Tridhatu, Triloka, translated as three worlds, three realms, or three spheres, refers to the destinations of karmic rebirth within samsara:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Kamaloka \/ Kamadhatu, the Desire Realm&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Rupaloka \/ Rupadhatu, the Form Realm&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Arupaloka \/ Arupadhatu, the Formless Realm.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&#30526;&#29983;&#36650;&#36852;&#26044;&#19977;&#30028;&#20839;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#27442;&#30028;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#33394;&#30028;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#28961;&#33394;&#30028;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#19977;&#30028;,  &#19977;&#26377; ,  Three Realms,  Three Worlds,  Tridhatu,  Triloka,  Trailokya,  &#3942;&#4018;&#3954;&#3921;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/trailokya\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Three Realms<\/span>,&nbsp;&raquo; which is longer. The other is the &laquo;&nbsp;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Monlam, Aspiration Prayer, Determination; &#39000;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31048;&#39000; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4008;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (m&ouml;nlam);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;smon lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pranidhana paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Determination, Aspiration, Vow (Pranidhana paramita) is one of the Ten Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Monlam is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: M&ouml;nlam.\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39000;&#26159;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#32654;&#26391;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Pranidhana, Aspiration Prayer, &#31048;&#39000;, &#40664;&#26391;, &#32654;&#26391;, Monlam, M&ouml;nlam&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/aspiration-prayer\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Aspiration Prayer<\/span> for the Spread of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ganden Monastery&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#29976;&#20025;&#23546; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22134;&#20025;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3906;&#3936;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; (ganden); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dga&amp;#039; ldan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden\/Gaden is one of the three great Gelug university monasteries of Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden was founded by Tsongkhapa in 1409. It is located approximately 50 kilometers east of Lhasa.&nbsp;Ganden has been the seat of the Ganden Tripa, the Holder of the Golden Throne of Ganden and head of the Gelug Tradition.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden Monastery has two colleges, Jangtse and Shartse, meaning North Peak and East Peak respectively.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In India, Ganden Monastery was established in Mundgod in 1966.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#29976;&#20025;&#23546;&#26159;&#26684;&#39791;&#25945;&#27966;&#30340;&#31062;&#23546;&#65292;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#26044;1409&#24180;&#31820;&#24314;&#65292;&#24847;&#28858;&amp;quot;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&rdquo;&#65292;&#26159;&#26410;&#20358;&#20315;&#24396;&#21202;&#25152;&#25945;&#21270;&#30340;&#19990;&#30028;&#65292;&#33287;&#21746;&#34444;&#23546;&#12289;&#33394;&#25289;&#23546;&#21512;&#31281;&#25289;&#34217;&#26684;&#40065;&#27966;&amp;quot;&#19977;&#22823;&#23546;&rdquo;&#12290;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tushita Heaven&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &nbsp;Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3921;&#3906;&#3936;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(ganden); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dga&amp;#039; ldan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; Tusita;&nbsp;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tushita Heaven, Joyous Realm is one of the celestial heavens of the Six Heavens or pure lands of the Desire Realm where gods and bodhisattvas reside and presided over by Maitreya. Nirmanakaya buddhas descend to take birth in the world from Tushita.&nbsp;Buddha Shakyamuni resided here as bodhisattva Shvetaketu. Before he leave for earth, Shakyamuni placed his crown on bodhisattva Maitreya&amp;#039;s head. Maitreya will in turn takes birth as the future buddha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The beings of this world are 3,000 feet (910 m) tall and live for 4000 years or 576,000,000 human years (according to Sarvastivada tradition). The height of this world is 320 yojanas above the Earth.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#12289;&#21916;&#27138;&#22825;&#65292;&#26159;&#27442;&#30028;&#20845;&#27442;&#22825;&#20043;&#31532;&#22235;&#22825;&#65292;320 &#30001;&#26092;&#39640;&#65292;&#26377;&#20839;&#22806;&#20841;&#38498;&#65292;&#22806;&#38498;&#26159;&#20961;&#22827;&#26524;&#22577;&#22825;&#23470;&#65292;&#20839;&#38498;&#26159;&#28136;&#22303;&#65292;&#33769;&#34217;&#20462;&#21151;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#20415;&#19979;&#29983;&#20154;&#38291;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#26410;&#25104;&#20315;&#21069;&#23621;&#20303;&#22312;&#20839;&#38498;&#65292;&#24396;&#21202;&#33769;&#34217;&#29694;&#23621;&#20839;&#38498;&#35498;&#27861;&#65292;&#25925;&#31281;&#20043;&#28858;&#24396;&#21202;&#28136;&#22303;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#20154;&#36523;&#37327;&#28858;1&#20465;&#30439;&#33293;&#65292;&#20197;&#20154;&#38291; 400&#27506;&#28858;&#19968;&#26205;&#22812;&#65292;&#23450;&#22781; 4000&#27506;&#65292;&#26159;&#20154;&#38291; 576,000,000&#24180;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Ganden,  &#29976;&#20025;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/ganden\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Ganden<\/span> Teachings&nbsp;&raquo; which is shorter. We will perform an <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Oral Transmission; &#21475;&#20659;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#40845;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3956;&#3908;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (lung); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lung&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Oral Transmission is a ceremony in which a guru reads aloud, to disciples, a Buddhist text that the guru has previously received from his\/her own guru.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#21475;&#20659;&#26159;&#19978;&#24107;&#21521;&#24351;&#23376;&#26391;&#35712;&#19978;&#24107;&#20808;&#21069;&#24478;&#33258;&#24049;&#19978;&#24107;&#37027;&#35041;&#25910;&#21040;&#30340;&#20315;&#32147;&#21475;&#20659;&#30340;&#20736;&#24335;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21475;&#20659;,  Oral Transmission&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/oral-transmissio\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">oral transmission<\/span> of this prayer later, along with some explanations.<\/p><h4><strong>1.<br><\/strong><strong>You are the great father who engenders all the victorious buddhas,<\/strong><br><strong>Yet resolved to uphold the Buddha dharma in infinite realms<\/strong><br><strong>As a bodhisattva heir to the victors&mdash;through the power of this truth,<\/strong><br><strong>May the victorious Lobzang Drakpa&rsquo;s teachings flourish and spread!<\/strong><\/h4><p>Generally speaking, the first verse mentions the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Father, the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Mother, and the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Son. This threefold reference to <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Father, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Mother, and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Son also appears in the text of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yamantaka, Vajrabhairava&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;, &#24598;&#30031;&#37329;&#21083;, &#38331;&#39764;&#25973; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22810;&#21513; &#26032;&#30342;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4001;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&#3851;&#3936;&#3911;&#3954;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#4017;&#3962;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (dorje jik je), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3940;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&#3851;&#3906;&#3940;&#3962;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3934;&#3956;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rdo rje &amp;#039;jigs byed, gshin rje gshed, &amp;#039;jigs byed&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Yamantaka (conqueror of death) is an important wrathful deity in Tibetan Buddhism belonging to Anuttarayoga (highest yoga) tantra class.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#21513;&#31077;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083; (&#24598;&#30031;&#37329;&#21083;, &#38331;&#39764;&#25973;) &#26159;&#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#23041;&#29467;&#21270;&#30456;&#65292;&#23660;&#26044;&#28961;&#19978;&#29788;&#20285;&#29238;&#32396;&#37096;&#30340;&#26412;&#23562;&#65292;&#33258;&#24478;&#33267;&#23562;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#20197;&#20358;&#65292;&#28858;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#27511;&#20195;&#20659;&#25215;&#19978;&#24107;&#20497;&#25152;&#29305;&#21029;&#37325;&#35222;&#12289;&#23562;&#23815;&#65307;&#27492;&#33995;&#30001;&#26044;&#27492;&#27861;&#38614;&#26159;&#29238;&#32396;&#37096;&#27861;&#38272;&#65292;&#28982;&#21547;&#25885;&#27597;&#32396;&#20462;&#25345;&#35201;&#32681;&#65292;&#19988;&#20855;&#26377;&#20854;&#20182;&#27861;&#38272;&#25152;&#27794;&#26377;&#30340;&amp;quot;&#20116;&#31278;&#27530;&#21213;&rdquo;&#30340;&#32227;&#25925;&#12290;&#21513;&#31077;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#33287;&amp;quot;&#35576;&#20315;&#20043;&#24107;&rdquo;&mdash;&mdash;&#33267;&#23562;&#25991;&#27530;&#24107;&#21033;&#33769;&#34217;&#28858;&#21516;&#19968;&#39636;&#24615;&#65292;&#32780;&#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217;&#20035;&#26159;&#35576;&#20315;&#19968;&#20999;&#27530;&#21213;&#26234;&#24935;&#20043;&#21270;&#29694;&#65292;&#25925;&#21463;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#20043;&#22727;&#22478;&#22823;&#28748;&#38914;&#12289;&#20006;&#24478;&#32780;&#20462;&#25345;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#27861;&#38272;&#65292;&#21063;&#26377;&#22686;&#38263;&#32880;&#26126;&#26234;&#24935;&#65292;&#29305;&#21029;&#26159;&#36890;&#36948;&amp;quot;&#31354;&#24615;&#35211;&rdquo;&#30340;&#29544;&#29305;&#25928;&#29992;&#12290;&#21448;&#22914;&#29105;&#35695;&#24107;&#25152;&#35498;&#65306;&amp;quot;&#22312;&#19968;&#20999;&#28040;&#38500;&#26989;&#38556;&#30340;&#27861;&#38272;&#20013;&#65292;&#27794;&#26377;&#27604;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#26356;&#27530;&#21213;&#30340;&#65292;&#21407;&#22240;&#22312;&#26044;&#28040;&#38500;&#26989;&#38556;&#38656;&#35201;&#20381;&#38752;&#31354;&#24615;&#26234;&#24935;&#65292;&#32780;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#30340;&#23490;&#38748;&#21270;&#29694;&mdash;&mdash;&#25991;&#27530;&#24107;&#21033;&#33769;&#34217;&#65292;&#21063;&#26159;&#19968;&#20999;&#35576;&#20315;&#30340;&#26234;&#24935;&#36523;&#12290;&rdquo;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#21448;&#21517;&amp;quot;&#38477;&#20239;&#38331;&#39764;&rdquo;&#65292;&#25110;&#31281;&amp;quot;&#38331;&#39764;&#25973;&rdquo;&#65292;&#25925;&#32780;&#20961;&#33287;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#32080;&#32227;&#30340;&#26377;&#24773;&#65292;&#21482;&#35201;&#22914;&#27861;&#23432;&#25345;&#35475;&#35328;&#65292;&#22343;&#21487;&#22238;&#36974;&#12289;&#28040;&#38500;&#19968;&#20999;&#39764;&#12289;&#31071;&#12289;&#39740;&#39749;&#20043;&#25613;&#23475;&#65292;&#21487;&#20445;&#33258;&#20182;&#20043;&#20581;&#24247;&#12289;&#24179;&#23433;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Vajrabhairava,  Yamantaka,  &#22823;&#23041;&#24503;,  &#24598;&#30031;&#37329;&#21083;,  &#38331;&#39764;&#25973;,  &#3906;&#3940;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&#3851;&#3906;&#3940;&#3962;&#3921;,  &#3936;&#3911;&#3954;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#4017;&#3962;&#3921;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yamantaka\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vajrabhairava<\/span> practice, and its content is almost identical to the self-generation <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sadhana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#25104;&#23601;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#29664;&#20182;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3986;&#4018;&#3956;&#3926;&#3851;&#3920;&#3926;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(druptap); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sgrub thabs&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;s&#257;dhana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sadhana is a method of accomplishment, an exercise or practice to achieve various spiritual objectives or goals. A sadhana is also a practice text to meditate to visualize, recite mantras and make offerings. A typical tantric sadhana structure involves a preliminary part, including the taking refuge and generating bodhichitta; a main part involving visualization of a deity and recitation of mantras; and a final part with a dedication of merits to all sentient beings.&nbsp;In lower tantras, practitioners invoke the deity in the sky in front, while in higher tantras, practitioners arise in the form of the deity.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#25104;&#23601;&#27861;&#36890;&#24120;&#20998;&#28858;&#19977;&#38542;&#27573;&#65306;&#21069;&#34892;&#37096;&#20998;&#21253;&#25324;&#30344;&#20381;&#21644;&#29983;&#36215;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#65292;&#27491;&#34892;&#37096;&#20998;&#28041;&#21450;&#35264;&#24819;&#26412;&#23562;&#21644;&#24565;&#21650;&#65292;&#32780;&#32080;&#34892;&#37096;&#20998;&#21063;&#26159;&#23559;&#21151;&#24503;&#22238;&#21521;&#30526;&#29983;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Sadhana,  &#25104;&#23601;&#27861;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sadhana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">sadhana<\/span> of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yamantaka, Vajrabhairava&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;, &#24598;&#30031;&#37329;&#21083;, &#38331;&#39764;&#25973; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22810;&#21513; &#26032;&#30342;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4001;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&#3851;&#3936;&#3911;&#3954;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#4017;&#3962;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (dorje jik je), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3940;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&#3851;&#3906;&#3940;&#3962;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3934;&#3956;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rdo rje &amp;#039;jigs byed, gshin rje gshed, &amp;#039;jigs byed&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Yamantaka (conqueror of death) is an important wrathful deity in Tibetan Buddhism belonging to Anuttarayoga (highest yoga) tantra class.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#21513;&#31077;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083; (&#24598;&#30031;&#37329;&#21083;, &#38331;&#39764;&#25973;) &#26159;&#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#23041;&#29467;&#21270;&#30456;&#65292;&#23660;&#26044;&#28961;&#19978;&#29788;&#20285;&#29238;&#32396;&#37096;&#30340;&#26412;&#23562;&#65292;&#33258;&#24478;&#33267;&#23562;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#20197;&#20358;&#65292;&#28858;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#27511;&#20195;&#20659;&#25215;&#19978;&#24107;&#20497;&#25152;&#29305;&#21029;&#37325;&#35222;&#12289;&#23562;&#23815;&#65307;&#27492;&#33995;&#30001;&#26044;&#27492;&#27861;&#38614;&#26159;&#29238;&#32396;&#37096;&#27861;&#38272;&#65292;&#28982;&#21547;&#25885;&#27597;&#32396;&#20462;&#25345;&#35201;&#32681;&#65292;&#19988;&#20855;&#26377;&#20854;&#20182;&#27861;&#38272;&#25152;&#27794;&#26377;&#30340;&amp;quot;&#20116;&#31278;&#27530;&#21213;&rdquo;&#30340;&#32227;&#25925;&#12290;&#21513;&#31077;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#33287;&amp;quot;&#35576;&#20315;&#20043;&#24107;&rdquo;&mdash;&mdash;&#33267;&#23562;&#25991;&#27530;&#24107;&#21033;&#33769;&#34217;&#28858;&#21516;&#19968;&#39636;&#24615;&#65292;&#32780;&#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217;&#20035;&#26159;&#35576;&#20315;&#19968;&#20999;&#27530;&#21213;&#26234;&#24935;&#20043;&#21270;&#29694;&#65292;&#25925;&#21463;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#20043;&#22727;&#22478;&#22823;&#28748;&#38914;&#12289;&#20006;&#24478;&#32780;&#20462;&#25345;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#27861;&#38272;&#65292;&#21063;&#26377;&#22686;&#38263;&#32880;&#26126;&#26234;&#24935;&#65292;&#29305;&#21029;&#26159;&#36890;&#36948;&amp;quot;&#31354;&#24615;&#35211;&rdquo;&#30340;&#29544;&#29305;&#25928;&#29992;&#12290;&#21448;&#22914;&#29105;&#35695;&#24107;&#25152;&#35498;&#65306;&amp;quot;&#22312;&#19968;&#20999;&#28040;&#38500;&#26989;&#38556;&#30340;&#27861;&#38272;&#20013;&#65292;&#27794;&#26377;&#27604;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#26356;&#27530;&#21213;&#30340;&#65292;&#21407;&#22240;&#22312;&#26044;&#28040;&#38500;&#26989;&#38556;&#38656;&#35201;&#20381;&#38752;&#31354;&#24615;&#26234;&#24935;&#65292;&#32780;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#30340;&#23490;&#38748;&#21270;&#29694;&mdash;&mdash;&#25991;&#27530;&#24107;&#21033;&#33769;&#34217;&#65292;&#21063;&#26159;&#19968;&#20999;&#35576;&#20315;&#30340;&#26234;&#24935;&#36523;&#12290;&rdquo;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#21448;&#21517;&amp;quot;&#38477;&#20239;&#38331;&#39764;&rdquo;&#65292;&#25110;&#31281;&amp;quot;&#38331;&#39764;&#25973;&rdquo;&#65292;&#25925;&#32780;&#20961;&#33287;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#32080;&#32227;&#30340;&#26377;&#24773;&#65292;&#21482;&#35201;&#22914;&#27861;&#23432;&#25345;&#35475;&#35328;&#65292;&#22343;&#21487;&#22238;&#36974;&#12289;&#28040;&#38500;&#19968;&#20999;&#39764;&#12289;&#31071;&#12289;&#39740;&#39749;&#20043;&#25613;&#23475;&#65292;&#21487;&#20445;&#33258;&#20182;&#20043;&#20581;&#24247;&#12289;&#24179;&#23433;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Vajrabhairava,  Yamantaka,  &#22823;&#23041;&#24503;,  &#24598;&#30031;&#37329;&#21083;,  &#38331;&#39764;&#25973;,  &#3906;&#3940;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&#3851;&#3906;&#3940;&#3962;&#3921;,  &#3936;&#3911;&#3954;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#4017;&#3962;&#3921;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yamantaka\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vajrabhairava<\/span>.<\/p><p>This verse mainly explains that <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> had already attained <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span>hood countless eons ago, referring to him as the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Father.<\/p><p>Regarding the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Mother, it refers to <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> being endowed with the wisdom mother <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sherab, Wisdom; &#26234;&#24935;, &#33324;&#33509; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21332;&#25289;\/&#21916;&#39250;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3962;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3926; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(she rab); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;shes rab&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Prajna&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Wisdom (prajna) is one of Five object-determining mental states. Sherab\/Sherap is a common Tibetan name.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24935;&#26159;&#20116;&#21029;&#22659;&#24515;&#25152;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#21916;&#39250;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Prajna,  &#33324;&#33509;,  Sherab,  &#21332;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sherab\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Prajna<\/span>paramit&#257;, or as we commonly know, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> is the emanation of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Manjushri, Manjughosha ; &#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217; (&#27743;&#35997;&#22830;, &#26364;&#31062;&#23460;&#21033;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3911;&#3928;&#3851;&#3921;&#3924;&#3939;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;(&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;jam pal yang), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3913;&#4011;&#3956;&#3851;&#3940;&#4018;&#3953;&#3954;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (manjusri); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;jam dpal dbyangs, many+dzu shrI;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ma&ntilde;ju&#347;r&#299;, Ma&ntilde;jugho&#7779;a&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Manjushri is the oldest and most significant bodhisattva symbolizing transcendental wisdom in Mahayana Buddhism. In Vajrayana Buddhism, he is depicted with flaming sword in right hand and scripture in his left hand.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;VIiyi&amp;quot; lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#20687;&#24501;&#36229;&#28982;&#26234;&#24935;&#30340;&#26368;&#21476;&#32769;&#12289;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#33769;&#34217;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#22312;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#65292;&#20182;&#21491;&#25163;&#25343;&#33879;&#28779;&#21133;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#25343;&#33879;&#32147;&#25991;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25991;&#27530;, &#22937;&#21513;&#31077;, &#26364;&#27530;, &#34083;&#35997;&#22830;,  &#3936;&#3911;&#3928;&#3851;&#3924;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;,  &#3928;&#3913;&#4011;&#3956;&#3851;&#3940;&#4018;&#3953;&#3954;,  Manjushri,  Manjughosha&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/manjushri\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Manjushri<\/span>, thus described as the wisdom <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Deity, Yidam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#26412;&#23562;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3954;&#3851;&#3921;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (yidam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yi dam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Devata;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In Vajrayana, a Yidam is a manifestation of enlightened mind or Buddha form. A Yidam can have multiple faces, arms and legs and can appear in peaceful or wrathful form.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Chakrasamvara, Kalachakra, Guhyasamaja, Cakrasamvara, Hevajra, Yamantaka, and Vajrayogini, Hayagriva, Vajrakilaya, Kurukulla, Avalokiteshvara, Manjushri, Tara and Dzambhala are some of the most common well known Yidams.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#26412;&#23562;&#26159;&#23494;&#27861;&#20315;&#24615;&#30340;&#39023;&#29694;&#65292;&#20462;&#27861;&#35264;&#24819;&#30340;&#23565;&#22659;&#12290;&#26368;&#20027;&#35201;&#30340;&#26412;&#23562;&#21253;&#25324;&#21213;&#36650;&#37329;&#21083;&#12289;&#26178;&#36650;&#37329;&#21083;&#12289;&#23494;&#37329;&#21083;&#12289;&#36650;&#37329;&#21083;&#12289;&#21916;&#37329;&#21083;&#12289;&#22823;&#23041;&#24503;&#37329;&#21083;&#12289;&#37329;&#21083;&#29788;&#20285;&#27597;&#12289;&#39340;&#38957;&#26126;&#29579; &#26222;&#24052;&#37329;&#21083;&#12289;&#20316;&#26126;&#20315;&#27597;&#12289;&#35264;&#19990;&#38899;&#33769;&#34217;&#12289;&#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217;&#12289;&#24230;&#27597;&#12289;&#36106;&#24052;&#25289;&#31561;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#26412;&#23562;,  Devata,  Yidam,  Deity&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yidam\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">deity<\/span>.<\/p><p>As for the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Son, it means that although <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> had already become a <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> long ago, he engaged in the activities of a <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhisattva; &#33769;&#34217; (&#34083;&#31179; &#26862;&#35997;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3851;&#3910;&#3956;&#3926;&#3851;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (chang chub sempa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;byang chub sems dpa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhisattva&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A bodhisattva is a person who is dedicated on the path towards buddhahood. In Mahayana Buddhism, a bodhisattva is someone who has generated bodhicitta, a compassionate mind to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#25351;&#37027;&#20123;&#30332;&#24515;&#28858;&#20102;&#24478;&#36650;&#36852;&#20013;&#35299;&#33067;&#65292;&#25104;&#23601;&#20315;&#26524;&#32780;&#25215;&#35582;&#20462;&#34892;&#30340;&#20154;&#12290;&#22312;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#65292;&#35657;&#24735;&#32773;&#26371;&#36984;&#25799;&#26368;&#39640;&#29702;&#24819;&#32780;&#30041;&#22312;&#19990;&#38291;&#21435;&#24171;&#21161;&#21450;&#24341;&#23566;&#30526;&#29983;&#26397;&#21521;&#35258;&#24735;&#65292;&#32780;&#19981;&#26159;&#36914;&#20837;&#28037;&#30436;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#33769;&#34217;,  Bodhisattva&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/bodhisattva\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Bodhisattva<\/span> to liberate <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sentient Beings, Semchen;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#26377;&#24773;&#30526;&#29983; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26862;&#38291;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3909;&#3923;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(sem chen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sems can&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In Buddhism, Sentient Beings are beings with consciousness and life within the three realms of samsara. Plants are not sentient as they do not have mind.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Sentient Beings,  &#26862;&#38291;,  Semchen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/semchen\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">sentient beings<\/span> from <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Samsara&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36650;&#36852;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3905;&#3964;&#3938;&#3851;&#3926;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (khorwa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;khor ba&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sa&#7747;s&#257;ra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Samsara is the cycle of death and rebirth for all sentient beings.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#36650;&#36852;&#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#26377;&#24773;&#30526;&#29983;&#20197;&#19981;&#21516;&#30340;&#24418;&#24335;&#65292;&#19981;&#26039;&#32147;&#27511;&#29983;&#27515;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#36650;&#36852;,  Samsara,  Cycle of Existence&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/samsara\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">samsara<\/span>. The above briefly explains the three layers of meaning: <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Father, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Mother, and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Son.<\/p><p>In this prayer, the first verse also mentions similar content. In terms of all <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span>s, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> is the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Father. In relation to the various pure lands, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> assumes the role of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Son. Furthermore, among all pure aspirations, the prayers made by <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> are considered the most supreme. The fourth line expresses the wish to encounter the teachings of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Son, the teachings of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>.<\/p><h4><strong>2.<br><\/strong><strong>Long ago, in the presence of Crown Adorned Tathagata (Indraketu),<\/strong><br><strong>You made your vow, and the buddhas and their bodhisattva heirs<\/strong><br><strong>Praised your great courage&mdash;through the power of this truth,<\/strong><br><strong>May the victorious Lobzang Drakpa&rsquo;s teachings flourish and spread!<\/strong><\/h4><p>The second verse mainly speaks of a <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> from the distant past named Crown Adorned <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tathagata, Thus Gone, Dezhin Shegpa; &#22914;&#20358; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#36845;&#26032;&#21332;&#24052;, &#36948;&#20182;&#22030;&#36948;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3962;&#3851;&#3926;&#3934;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3940;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Dezhin Shegpa)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3919;&#3851;&#3920;&#3953;&#3851;&#3906;&#3851;&#3919;, &#3919;&#3851;&#3920;&#3953;&#3851;&#3906;&#3851;&#3919;&#3953; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tathagata); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;de bzhin gshegs pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tathagata&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Gautama Buddha refers to himself as Tathagata, It means one who has thus gone. or beyond all coming and going. Tathagata is one of Ten Titles of the Buddha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22914;&#20358; (&#36948;&#20182;&#22030;&#36948;, &#36845;&#26032;&#21332;&#24052;) &#26159;&#20315;&#38464;&#21313;&#34399;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#22914;&#20358;&#32773;&#65292;&#28961;&#25152;&#24478;&#20358;&#65292;&#20134;&#28961;&#25152;&#21435;&#65292;&#25925;&#21517;&#22914;&#20358;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Tathagata, &#3919;&#3851;&#3920;&#3953;&#3851;&#3906;&#3851;&#3919;, &#36948;&#20182;&#22030;&#36948;, &#22914;&#20358;, &#36845;&#26032;&#21332;, Thus Gone,  &#3921;&#3962;&#3851;&#3926;&#3934;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3940;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;,  dezhin shegpa&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tathagata\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tathagata<\/span>. At that time, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> was a disciple seated before Crown Adorned <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tathagata, Thus Gone, Dezhin Shegpa; &#22914;&#20358; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#36845;&#26032;&#21332;&#24052;, &#36948;&#20182;&#22030;&#36948;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3962;&#3851;&#3926;&#3934;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3940;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Dezhin Shegpa)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3919;&#3851;&#3920;&#3953;&#3851;&#3906;&#3851;&#3919;, &#3919;&#3851;&#3920;&#3953;&#3851;&#3906;&#3851;&#3919;&#3953; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tathagata); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;de bzhin gshegs pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tathagata&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Gautama Buddha refers to himself as Tathagata, It means one who has thus gone. or beyond all coming and going. Tathagata is one of Ten Titles of the Buddha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22914;&#20358; (&#36948;&#20182;&#22030;&#36948;, &#36845;&#26032;&#21332;&#24052;) &#26159;&#20315;&#38464;&#21313;&#34399;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#22914;&#20358;&#32773;&#65292;&#28961;&#25152;&#24478;&#20358;&#65292;&#20134;&#28961;&#25152;&#21435;&#65292;&#25925;&#21517;&#22914;&#20358;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Tathagata, &#3919;&#3851;&#3920;&#3953;&#3851;&#3906;&#3851;&#3919;, &#36948;&#20182;&#22030;&#36948;, &#22914;&#20358;, &#36845;&#26032;&#21332;, Thus Gone,  &#3921;&#3962;&#3851;&#3926;&#3934;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3940;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;,  dezhin shegpa&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tathagata\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tathagata<\/span>, who was <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lama, Guru; &#19978;&#24107; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21895;&#22043;\/&#25289;&#40635;, &#22266;&#22914;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lama), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (guru); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Guru&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lama, Guru is a title for a teacher of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19978;&#24107;&#65292;&#21895;&#22043;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#20315;&#27861;&#32769;&#24107;&#30340;&#31281;&#34399;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21895;&#22043;,  &#19978;&#24107;,  &#22266;&#22914;,  Guru,  Lama,  &#3906;&#3956;&#3851;&#3938;&#3956;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lama\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">guru<\/span>. When he first generated <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhicitta&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#27743;&#31179;&#26862;) ; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3851;&#3910;&#3956;&#3926;&#3851;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (jang chup sem); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;byang chub sems&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhicitta&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Bodhicitta is the mind for enlightenment. Absolute bodhicitta is the completely awakened mind that sees the emptiness of phenomena. Relative bodhicitta is the aspiration to practice buddha dharma to free all beings from the suffering of samsara.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#26159;&#35258;&#24735;&#30340;&#24515;&#12290;&#21213;&#32681;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#26159;&#24735;&#21040;&#31354;&#24615;&#23526;&#30456;&#30340;&#23436;&#20840;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#19990;&#20439;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#26159;&#39000;&#20462;&#20315;&#27861;&#28858;&#35299;&#33067;&#19968;&#20999;&#30526;&#29983;&#20986;&#36650;&#36852;&#33510;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;,  Bodhicitta&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/bodhicitta\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">bodhicitta<\/span>, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s name was Great Hero (Great Resolve), a name that also represents an embodiment of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Manjushri, Manjughosha ; &#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217; (&#27743;&#35997;&#22830;, &#26364;&#31062;&#23460;&#21033;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3911;&#3928;&#3851;&#3921;&#3924;&#3939;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;(&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;jam pal yang), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3913;&#4011;&#3956;&#3851;&#3940;&#4018;&#3953;&#3954;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (manjusri); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;jam dpal dbyangs, many+dzu shrI;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ma&ntilde;ju&#347;r&#299;, Ma&ntilde;jugho&#7779;a&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Manjushri is the oldest and most significant bodhisattva symbolizing transcendental wisdom in Mahayana Buddhism. In Vajrayana Buddhism, he is depicted with flaming sword in right hand and scripture in his left hand.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;VIiyi&amp;quot; lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#20687;&#24501;&#36229;&#28982;&#26234;&#24935;&#30340;&#26368;&#21476;&#32769;&#12289;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#33769;&#34217;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#22312;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#65292;&#20182;&#21491;&#25163;&#25343;&#33879;&#28779;&#21133;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#25343;&#33879;&#32147;&#25991;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25991;&#27530;, &#22937;&#21513;&#31077;, &#26364;&#27530;, &#34083;&#35997;&#22830;,  &#3936;&#3911;&#3928;&#3851;&#3924;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;,  &#3928;&#3913;&#4011;&#3956;&#3851;&#3940;&#4018;&#3953;&#3954;,  Manjushri,  Manjughosha&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/manjushri\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Manjushri<\/span>. Here, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Manjushri, Manjughosha ; &#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217; (&#27743;&#35997;&#22830;, &#26364;&#31062;&#23460;&#21033;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3911;&#3928;&#3851;&#3921;&#3924;&#3939;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;(&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;jam pal yang), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3913;&#4011;&#3956;&#3851;&#3940;&#4018;&#3953;&#3954;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (manjusri); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;jam dpal dbyangs, many+dzu shrI;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ma&ntilde;ju&#347;r&#299;, Ma&ntilde;jugho&#7779;a&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Manjushri is the oldest and most significant bodhisattva symbolizing transcendental wisdom in Mahayana Buddhism. In Vajrayana Buddhism, he is depicted with flaming sword in right hand and scripture in his left hand.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;VIiyi&amp;quot; lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#20687;&#24501;&#36229;&#28982;&#26234;&#24935;&#30340;&#26368;&#21476;&#32769;&#12289;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#33769;&#34217;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#22312;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#65292;&#20182;&#21491;&#25163;&#25343;&#33879;&#28779;&#21133;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#25343;&#33879;&#32147;&#25991;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25991;&#27530;, &#22937;&#21513;&#31077;, &#26364;&#27530;, &#34083;&#35997;&#22830;,  &#3936;&#3911;&#3928;&#3851;&#3924;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;,  &#3928;&#3913;&#4011;&#3956;&#3851;&#3940;&#4018;&#3953;&#3954;,  Manjushri,  Manjughosha&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/manjushri\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Manjushri<\/span> specifically symbolizes profound wisdom, and this is the perspective from which it is understood. The third line explains that <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> is a <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhisattva; &#33769;&#34217; (&#34083;&#31179; &#26862;&#35997;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3851;&#3910;&#3956;&#3926;&#3851;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (chang chub sempa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;byang chub sems dpa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhisattva&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A bodhisattva is a person who is dedicated on the path towards buddhahood. In Mahayana Buddhism, a bodhisattva is someone who has generated bodhicitta, a compassionate mind to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#25351;&#37027;&#20123;&#30332;&#24515;&#28858;&#20102;&#24478;&#36650;&#36852;&#20013;&#35299;&#33067;&#65292;&#25104;&#23601;&#20315;&#26524;&#32780;&#25215;&#35582;&#20462;&#34892;&#30340;&#20154;&#12290;&#22312;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#65292;&#35657;&#24735;&#32773;&#26371;&#36984;&#25799;&#26368;&#39640;&#29702;&#24819;&#32780;&#30041;&#22312;&#19990;&#38291;&#21435;&#24171;&#21161;&#21450;&#24341;&#23566;&#30526;&#29983;&#26397;&#21521;&#35258;&#24735;&#65292;&#32780;&#19981;&#26159;&#36914;&#20837;&#28037;&#30436;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#33769;&#34217;,  Bodhisattva&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/bodhisattva\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">bodhisattva<\/span>, or <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Son, praised by all the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> Sons. Due to such supremely <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Auspicious goodness, Good luck&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31069;&#21513;&#31077;&#22914;&#24847;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#25166;&#35199;&#24503;&#21202;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3904;&#4018;&#3851;&#3940;&#3954;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#3921;&#3962;&#3851;&#3939;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tashi delek); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bkra shis bde legs&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25166;&#35199;&#24503;&#21202;,  &#21513;&#31077;&#22914;&#24847;,  Auspicious&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/auspicious-3\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">auspicious<\/span> karmic connections from the past, and through the power of truth and reality, may the teachings of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> flourish.<\/p><h4><strong>3.<br><\/strong><strong>So that the lineage of pure view and conduct might develop,<\/strong><br><strong>You presented a crystal rosary as an offering to Sakyamuni,<\/strong><br><strong>Who gave you a dharma conch and prophesied your future&mdash;through the power of this truth,<\/strong><br><strong>May the victorious Lobzang Drakpa&rsquo;s teachings flourish and spread!<\/strong><\/h4><p>The third verse explains that the teachings transmitted by <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> are pure in both view and conduct. To ensure that this pure lineage of view and conduct would flourish among future generations, during the time of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha Shakyamuni; &#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#37323;&#36838;&#22303;&#24052;\/&#22799;&#21152;&#22303;&#24052;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3953;&#3904;&#4017;&#3851;&#3920;&#3956;&#3926;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (shakya thubpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;shAkya thub pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Siddhartha Gautama&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#36523;&#37329;&#33394;&#65292;&#21491;&#25163;&#35320;&#22320;&#21360;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#23450;&#21360;&#65292;&#36523;&#31359;&#27604;&#19992;&#19977;&#34915;&#65292;&#29694;&#26805;&#34892;&#20986;&#23478;&#30456;&#65292;&#20855;&#36275;&#19977;&#21313;&#20108;&#31278;&#22937;&#30456;&#12289;&#20843;&#21313;&#31278;&#38568;&#22909;&#65292;&#37329;&#21083;&#29640;&#36282;&#24231;&#26044;&#34030;&#33457;&#26376;&#36650;&#23542;&#24231;&#19978;&#12290;&#25345;&#35494;&#20315;&#38464;&#20315;&#34399;&#30340;&#21151;&#24503;&#65292;&#33021;&#28040;&#36942;&#21435;&#29983;&#20013;&#65292;&#19968;&#33836;&#21163;&#30340;&#32618;&#26989;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Buddha Shakyamuni is at the center of 35 Confession Buddhas. He is golden in monk robes, sitting in full meditation vajra posture on lotus and moon disc throne with right hand in Bhumisparsa mudra. He has thirty-two major and eighty minor distinguishing physical characteristics. Reciting his name can purify all negative karma accumulated over 10,000 eons.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Shakyamuni, &#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;,  &#37323;&#36838;&#22303;&#24052;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/shakyamuni\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Shakyamuni<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span>, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> offered a <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mala, Rosary; &#24565;&#29664;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#31281;&#21703;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3925;&#4018;&#3962;&#3908;&#3851;&#3926;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (treng wa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;phreng ba&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Rosary,  &#24565;&#29664;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a0%e0%bd%95%e0%be%b2%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%84%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%96\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">rosary<\/span> of 108 crystal beads as a karmic condition. It is also said that this lineage of teachings was one upheld by <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Atisa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#38463;&#24213;&#23805;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3944;&#3851;&#3919;&#3954;&#3851;&#3940; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(atisha),&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3911;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(joboje);&nbsp;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;jo bo rje&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ati&#347;a D&#299;pankara Srijnana (982&ndash;1054), one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters was a Indian Buddhist master who spread Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhism Sumatra and Tibet. He was the founder of Kadampa School in Tibet. His most influential work was Bodhipathaprad&#299;pa, or Lamp for the Path to Enlightenment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#38463;&#24213;&#23805; (982-1054) &#27861;&#34399;&#29123;&#29128;&#21513;&#31077;&#26234;&#65292;&#21360;&#24230;&#23391;&#21152;&#25289;&#21335;&#37096;&#29579;&#26063;&#65292;&#23565;&#35199;&#34255;&#24460;&#24344;&#26399;&#20315;&#25945;&#36002;&#29563;&#26368;&#22823;&#30340;&#39640;&#20711;&#65292;&#25972;&#38931;&#25106;&#24459;&#65292;&#24314;&#31435;&#22134;&#30070;&#27966;&#65292;&#37027;&#29211;&#38464;&#21313;&#19971;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#33879;&#26377;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#29128;&#35542;&#12299;,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#29128;&#38627;&#34389;&#37323;&#12299;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Atisa,  &#3911;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;,  &#38463;&#24213;&#23805;,  &#29123;&#29128;&#21513;&#31077;&#26234;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/atisa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Atisha<\/span>. After <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Offering&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#39178;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#22810;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;cho do); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mchod do&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20379;&#39178;,  Offering,  &#3928;&#3910;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;,  &#21371;&#22810;,  Cho do&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/offering-6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">offering<\/span> the crystal <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mala, Rosary; &#24565;&#29664;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#31281;&#21703;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3925;&#4018;&#3962;&#3908;&#3851;&#3926;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (treng wa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;phreng ba&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Rosary,  &#24565;&#29664;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a0%e0%bd%95%e0%be%b2%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%84%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%96\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">rosary<\/span>, the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> reciprocated by giving a <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sankha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#34746;\/&#23542;&#34746;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3921;&#3956;&#3908;&#3851;&#3921;&#3904;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#3937;&#3942;&#3851;&#3936;&#3905;&#4017;&#3954;&#3939; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(dungkar y&eacute;nkhyil); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dung dkar g.yas &amp;#039;khyil&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sankha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sankha (Right Turning White Conch), one of eight auspicious signs, represents rare, pure, beautiful, deep, pervasive sound of dharma to awake buddhist practitioners from ignorance.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#27861;&#34746;\/&#23542;&#34746;&#26159;&#20843;&#21513;&#31077;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#35937;&#24501;&#27491;&#27861;&#27530;&#21213;&#38627;&#24471;&#12289;&#32020;&#28136;&#20043;&#24847;&#12290;&#27861;&#34746;&#22937;&#38899;&#24736;&#25562;&#36960;&#25773;&#65292;&#22291;&#36890;&#28961;&#31001;&#65292;&#38477;&#20239;&#30526;&#39764;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Sankha,  &#27861;&#34746;,  &#23542;&#34746;,  Conch&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sankha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">conch<\/span> shell, which was later concealed and eventually en<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Glory&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27054;&#32768; (&#35199;&#21033;);&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#4018;&#3954;&amp;#039; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(shri)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Shri&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3940;&#4018;&#3954;&amp;#039;,  &#35199;&#21033;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/shri\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">shri<\/span>ned in <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ganden Monastery&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#29976;&#20025;&#23546; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22134;&#20025;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3906;&#3936;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; (ganden); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dga&amp;#039; ldan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden\/Gaden is one of the three great Gelug university monasteries of Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden was founded by Tsongkhapa in 1409. It is located approximately 50 kilometers east of Lhasa.&nbsp;Ganden has been the seat of the Ganden Tripa, the Holder of the Golden Throne of Ganden and head of the Gelug Tradition.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden Monastery has two colleges, Jangtse and Shartse, meaning North Peak and East Peak respectively.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In India, Ganden Monastery was established in Mundgod in 1966.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#29976;&#20025;&#23546;&#26159;&#26684;&#39791;&#25945;&#27966;&#30340;&#31062;&#23546;&#65292;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#26044;1409&#24180;&#31820;&#24314;&#65292;&#24847;&#28858;&amp;quot;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&rdquo;&#65292;&#26159;&#26410;&#20358;&#20315;&#24396;&#21202;&#25152;&#25945;&#21270;&#30340;&#19990;&#30028;&#65292;&#33287;&#21746;&#34444;&#23546;&#12289;&#33394;&#25289;&#23546;&#21512;&#31281;&#25289;&#34217;&#26684;&#40065;&#27966;&amp;quot;&#19977;&#22823;&#23546;&rdquo;&#12290;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tushita Heaven&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &nbsp;Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3921;&#3906;&#3936;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(ganden); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dga&amp;#039; ldan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; Tusita;&nbsp;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tushita Heaven, Joyous Realm is one of the celestial heavens of the Six Heavens or pure lands of the Desire Realm where gods and bodhisattvas reside and presided over by Maitreya. Nirmanakaya buddhas descend to take birth in the world from Tushita.&nbsp;Buddha Shakyamuni resided here as bodhisattva Shvetaketu. Before he leave for earth, Shakyamuni placed his crown on bodhisattva Maitreya&amp;#039;s head. Maitreya will in turn takes birth as the future buddha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The beings of this world are 3,000 feet (910 m) tall and live for 4000 years or 576,000,000 human years (according to Sarvastivada tradition). The height of this world is 320 yojanas above the Earth.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#12289;&#21916;&#27138;&#22825;&#65292;&#26159;&#27442;&#30028;&#20845;&#27442;&#22825;&#20043;&#31532;&#22235;&#22825;&#65292;320 &#30001;&#26092;&#39640;&#65292;&#26377;&#20839;&#22806;&#20841;&#38498;&#65292;&#22806;&#38498;&#26159;&#20961;&#22827;&#26524;&#22577;&#22825;&#23470;&#65292;&#20839;&#38498;&#26159;&#28136;&#22303;&#65292;&#33769;&#34217;&#20462;&#21151;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#20415;&#19979;&#29983;&#20154;&#38291;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#26410;&#25104;&#20315;&#21069;&#23621;&#20303;&#22312;&#20839;&#38498;&#65292;&#24396;&#21202;&#33769;&#34217;&#29694;&#23621;&#20839;&#38498;&#35498;&#27861;&#65292;&#25925;&#31281;&#20043;&#28858;&#24396;&#21202;&#28136;&#22303;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#20154;&#36523;&#37327;&#28858;1&#20465;&#30439;&#33293;&#65292;&#20197;&#20154;&#38291; 400&#27506;&#28858;&#19968;&#26205;&#22812;&#65292;&#23450;&#22781; 4000&#27506;&#65292;&#26159;&#20154;&#38291; 576,000,000&#24180;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Ganden,  &#29976;&#20025;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/ganden\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Ganden<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Monastery, Gompa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#23546;&#38498;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#36002;&#24052;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3906;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (gompa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dgon pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;ara&#7751;ya;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Gompa,  Monastery,  &#23546;&#38498;,  &#36002;&#24052;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/gompa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Monastery<\/span>. When <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> appeared in this world and founded <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ganden Monastery&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#29976;&#20025;&#23546; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22134;&#20025;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3906;&#3936;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; (ganden); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dga&amp;#039; ldan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden\/Gaden is one of the three great Gelug university monasteries of Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden was founded by Tsongkhapa in 1409. It is located approximately 50 kilometers east of Lhasa.&nbsp;Ganden has been the seat of the Ganden Tripa, the Holder of the Golden Throne of Ganden and head of the Gelug Tradition.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden Monastery has two colleges, Jangtse and Shartse, meaning North Peak and East Peak respectively.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In India, Ganden Monastery was established in Mundgod in 1966.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#29976;&#20025;&#23546;&#26159;&#26684;&#39791;&#25945;&#27966;&#30340;&#31062;&#23546;&#65292;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#26044;1409&#24180;&#31820;&#24314;&#65292;&#24847;&#28858;&amp;quot;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&rdquo;&#65292;&#26159;&#26410;&#20358;&#20315;&#24396;&#21202;&#25152;&#25945;&#21270;&#30340;&#19990;&#30028;&#65292;&#33287;&#21746;&#34444;&#23546;&#12289;&#33394;&#25289;&#23546;&#21512;&#31281;&#25289;&#34217;&#26684;&#40065;&#27966;&amp;quot;&#19977;&#22823;&#23546;&rdquo;&#12290;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tushita Heaven&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &nbsp;Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3921;&#3906;&#3936;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(ganden); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dga&amp;#039; ldan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; Tusita;&nbsp;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tushita Heaven, Joyous Realm is one of the celestial heavens of the Six Heavens or pure lands of the Desire Realm where gods and bodhisattvas reside and presided over by Maitreya. Nirmanakaya buddhas descend to take birth in the world from Tushita.&nbsp;Buddha Shakyamuni resided here as bodhisattva Shvetaketu. Before he leave for earth, Shakyamuni placed his crown on bodhisattva Maitreya&amp;#039;s head. Maitreya will in turn takes birth as the future buddha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The beings of this world are 3,000 feet (910 m) tall and live for 4000 years or 576,000,000 human years (according to Sarvastivada tradition). The height of this world is 320 yojanas above the Earth.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#12289;&#21916;&#27138;&#22825;&#65292;&#26159;&#27442;&#30028;&#20845;&#27442;&#22825;&#20043;&#31532;&#22235;&#22825;&#65292;320 &#30001;&#26092;&#39640;&#65292;&#26377;&#20839;&#22806;&#20841;&#38498;&#65292;&#22806;&#38498;&#26159;&#20961;&#22827;&#26524;&#22577;&#22825;&#23470;&#65292;&#20839;&#38498;&#26159;&#28136;&#22303;&#65292;&#33769;&#34217;&#20462;&#21151;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#20415;&#19979;&#29983;&#20154;&#38291;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#26410;&#25104;&#20315;&#21069;&#23621;&#20303;&#22312;&#20839;&#38498;&#65292;&#24396;&#21202;&#33769;&#34217;&#29694;&#23621;&#20839;&#38498;&#35498;&#27861;&#65292;&#25925;&#31281;&#20043;&#28858;&#24396;&#21202;&#28136;&#22303;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#20154;&#36523;&#37327;&#28858;1&#20465;&#30439;&#33293;&#65292;&#20197;&#20154;&#38291; 400&#27506;&#28858;&#19968;&#26205;&#22812;&#65292;&#23450;&#22781; 4000&#27506;&#65292;&#26159;&#20154;&#38291; 576,000,000&#24180;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Ganden,  &#29976;&#20025;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/ganden\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Ganden<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Monastery, Gompa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#23546;&#38498;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#36002;&#24052;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3906;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (gompa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dgon pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;ara&#7751;ya;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Gompa,  Monastery,  &#23546;&#38498;,  &#36002;&#24052;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/gompa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Monastery<\/span>, this <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sankha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#34746;\/&#23542;&#34746;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3921;&#3956;&#3908;&#3851;&#3921;&#3904;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#3937;&#3942;&#3851;&#3936;&#3905;&#4017;&#3954;&#3939; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(dungkar y&eacute;nkhyil); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dung dkar g.yas &amp;#039;khyil&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sankha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sankha (Right Turning White Conch), one of eight auspicious signs, represents rare, pure, beautiful, deep, pervasive sound of dharma to awake buddhist practitioners from ignorance.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#27861;&#34746;\/&#23542;&#34746;&#26159;&#20843;&#21513;&#31077;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#35937;&#24501;&#27491;&#27861;&#27530;&#21213;&#38627;&#24471;&#12289;&#32020;&#28136;&#20043;&#24847;&#12290;&#27861;&#34746;&#22937;&#38899;&#24736;&#25562;&#36960;&#25773;&#65292;&#22291;&#36890;&#28961;&#31001;&#65292;&#38477;&#20239;&#30526;&#39764;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Sankha,  &#27861;&#34746;,  &#23542;&#34746;,  Conch&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sankha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">conch<\/span> shell was retrieved and became one of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Monastery, Gompa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#23546;&#38498;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#36002;&#24052;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3906;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (gompa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dgon pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;ara&#7751;ya;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Gompa,  Monastery,  &#23546;&#38498;,  &#36002;&#24052;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/gompa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">monastery<\/span>&rsquo;s most treasured <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Relic&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &#33293;&#21033;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3942;&#3962;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (Ringsel); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;ring sel&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;shariram&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Relics are small rocks of sacred substances found in cremation ashes.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33293;&#21033;&#26159;&#22312;&#28779;&#21270;&#39592;&#28784;&#20013;&#30332;&#29694;&#30340;&#23567;&#22291;&#30707;&#32854;&#29289;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Relic,  &#33293;&#21033;,  Shariram&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/relic\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">relic<\/span>s. The name &laquo;&nbsp;<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ganden Monastery&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#29976;&#20025;&#23546; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22134;&#20025;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3906;&#3936;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; (ganden); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dga&amp;#039; ldan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden\/Gaden is one of the three great Gelug university monasteries of Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden was founded by Tsongkhapa in 1409. It is located approximately 50 kilometers east of Lhasa.&nbsp;Ganden has been the seat of the Ganden Tripa, the Holder of the Golden Throne of Ganden and head of the Gelug Tradition.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden Monastery has two colleges, Jangtse and Shartse, meaning North Peak and East Peak respectively.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In India, Ganden Monastery was established in Mundgod in 1966.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#29976;&#20025;&#23546;&#26159;&#26684;&#39791;&#25945;&#27966;&#30340;&#31062;&#23546;&#65292;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#26044;1409&#24180;&#31820;&#24314;&#65292;&#24847;&#28858;&amp;quot;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&rdquo;&#65292;&#26159;&#26410;&#20358;&#20315;&#24396;&#21202;&#25152;&#25945;&#21270;&#30340;&#19990;&#30028;&#65292;&#33287;&#21746;&#34444;&#23546;&#12289;&#33394;&#25289;&#23546;&#21512;&#31281;&#25289;&#34217;&#26684;&#40065;&#27966;&amp;quot;&#19977;&#22823;&#23546;&rdquo;&#12290;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tushita Heaven&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &nbsp;Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3921;&#3906;&#3936;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(ganden); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dga&amp;#039; ldan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; Tusita;&nbsp;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tushita Heaven, Joyous Realm is one of the celestial heavens of the Six Heavens or pure lands of the Desire Realm where gods and bodhisattvas reside and presided over by Maitreya. Nirmanakaya buddhas descend to take birth in the world from Tushita.&nbsp;Buddha Shakyamuni resided here as bodhisattva Shvetaketu. Before he leave for earth, Shakyamuni placed his crown on bodhisattva Maitreya&amp;#039;s head. Maitreya will in turn takes birth as the future buddha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The beings of this world are 3,000 feet (910 m) tall and live for 4000 years or 576,000,000 human years (according to Sarvastivada tradition). The height of this world is 320 yojanas above the Earth.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#12289;&#21916;&#27138;&#22825;&#65292;&#26159;&#27442;&#30028;&#20845;&#27442;&#22825;&#20043;&#31532;&#22235;&#22825;&#65292;320 &#30001;&#26092;&#39640;&#65292;&#26377;&#20839;&#22806;&#20841;&#38498;&#65292;&#22806;&#38498;&#26159;&#20961;&#22827;&#26524;&#22577;&#22825;&#23470;&#65292;&#20839;&#38498;&#26159;&#28136;&#22303;&#65292;&#33769;&#34217;&#20462;&#21151;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#20415;&#19979;&#29983;&#20154;&#38291;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#26410;&#25104;&#20315;&#21069;&#23621;&#20303;&#22312;&#20839;&#38498;&#65292;&#24396;&#21202;&#33769;&#34217;&#29694;&#23621;&#20839;&#38498;&#35498;&#27861;&#65292;&#25925;&#31281;&#20043;&#28858;&#24396;&#21202;&#28136;&#22303;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#20154;&#36523;&#37327;&#28858;1&#20465;&#30439;&#33293;&#65292;&#20197;&#20154;&#38291; 400&#27506;&#28858;&#19968;&#26205;&#22812;&#65292;&#23450;&#22781; 4000&#27506;&#65292;&#26159;&#20154;&#38291; 576,000,000&#24180;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Ganden,  &#29976;&#20025;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/ganden\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Ganden<\/span>&nbsp;&raquo; itself was prophesied in the root <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tantra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23494;&#32396;, &#24603;&#29305;&#32645;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3956;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (gyue);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rgyud&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tantra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tantra means thread or continuity. Tantra refers to a text of vajrayana tradition, secret teachings of the Buddha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#26805;&#25991;&#24603;&#29305;&#32645;&#30340;&#21407;&#24847;&#26159;&#32218;&#12289;&#32232;&#32340;&#12290;&#23494;&#32396;&#26159;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#30340;&#20856;&#31821;&#65292;&#20315;&#20311;&#30340;&#23494;&#20056;&#25945;&#27861;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Tantra,  &#23494;&#32396;,  &#24603;&#29305;&#32645;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tantra-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">tantra<\/span> of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Manjushri, Manjughosha ; &#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217; (&#27743;&#35997;&#22830;, &#26364;&#31062;&#23460;&#21033;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3911;&#3928;&#3851;&#3921;&#3924;&#3939;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;(&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;jam pal yang), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3913;&#4011;&#3956;&#3851;&#3940;&#4018;&#3953;&#3954;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (manjusri); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;jam dpal dbyangs, many+dzu shrI;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ma&ntilde;ju&#347;r&#299;, Ma&ntilde;jugho&#7779;a&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Manjushri is the oldest and most significant bodhisattva symbolizing transcendental wisdom in Mahayana Buddhism. In Vajrayana Buddhism, he is depicted with flaming sword in right hand and scripture in his left hand.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;VIiyi&amp;quot; lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#20687;&#24501;&#36229;&#28982;&#26234;&#24935;&#30340;&#26368;&#21476;&#32769;&#12289;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#33769;&#34217;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#22312;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#65292;&#20182;&#21491;&#25163;&#25343;&#33879;&#28779;&#21133;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#25343;&#33879;&#32147;&#25991;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25991;&#27530;, &#22937;&#21513;&#31077;, &#26364;&#27530;, &#34083;&#35997;&#22830;,  &#3936;&#3911;&#3928;&#3851;&#3924;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;,  &#3928;&#3913;&#4011;&#3956;&#3851;&#3940;&#4018;&#3953;&#3954;,  Manjushri,  Manjughosha&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/manjushri\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Manjushri<\/span>, and similarly, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s name, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lobsang, Learned, Noble; &#21892;&#24935;&#12289;&#21338;&#23416;&#12289;&#39640;&#36020;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#32645;&#26705; \/ &#27931;&#26705;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (losang); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lobsang is a common Tibetan name meaning learned, noble. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Losang, Lobzang, Lozang.\n&#32645;&#26705;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#65292;&#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#21338;&#23416;&#12289;&#39640;&#36020;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Lobsang,  &#21892;&#24935;,  &#63765;&#26705;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%96%e0%be%b3%e0%bd%bc%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%96%e0%bd%9f%e0%bd%84\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Losang<\/span>, was also foretold by the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span>. Thus, the third verse speaks of these karmic connections with <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha Shakyamuni; &#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#37323;&#36838;&#22303;&#24052;\/&#22799;&#21152;&#22303;&#24052;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3953;&#3904;&#4017;&#3851;&#3920;&#3956;&#3926;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (shakya thubpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;shAkya thub pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Siddhartha Gautama&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#36523;&#37329;&#33394;&#65292;&#21491;&#25163;&#35320;&#22320;&#21360;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#23450;&#21360;&#65292;&#36523;&#31359;&#27604;&#19992;&#19977;&#34915;&#65292;&#29694;&#26805;&#34892;&#20986;&#23478;&#30456;&#65292;&#20855;&#36275;&#19977;&#21313;&#20108;&#31278;&#22937;&#30456;&#12289;&#20843;&#21313;&#31278;&#38568;&#22909;&#65292;&#37329;&#21083;&#29640;&#36282;&#24231;&#26044;&#34030;&#33457;&#26376;&#36650;&#23542;&#24231;&#19978;&#12290;&#25345;&#35494;&#20315;&#38464;&#20315;&#34399;&#30340;&#21151;&#24503;&#65292;&#33021;&#28040;&#36942;&#21435;&#29983;&#20013;&#65292;&#19968;&#33836;&#21163;&#30340;&#32618;&#26989;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Buddha Shakyamuni is at the center of 35 Confession Buddhas. He is golden in monk robes, sitting in full meditation vajra posture on lotus and moon disc throne with right hand in Bhumisparsa mudra. He has thirty-two major and eighty minor distinguishing physical characteristics. Reciting his name can purify all negative karma accumulated over 10,000 eons.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Shakyamuni, &#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;,  &#37323;&#36838;&#22303;&#24052;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/shakyamuni\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Shakyamuni<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> in this era.<\/p><h4><strong>4.<br><\/strong><strong>Pure in your view, free from the extremes of eternalism and nihilism;<\/strong><br><strong>Pure in your meditation, undimmed by lethargy and dullness;<\/strong><br><strong>Pure in your conduct, acting in accordance with Buddha&rsquo;s words;<\/strong><br><strong>May the victorious Lobzang Drakpa&rsquo;s teachings flourish and spread!<\/strong><\/h4><p>The fourth verse discusses the three aspects of &laquo;&nbsp;view, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Meditation, Mental Concentration, Samten&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31146;&#23450;, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31146;&#37027;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#19977;&#28359;\/&#26705;&#20025;); Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;tibetan&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3942;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3919;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(sam tan); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bsam gtan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhyana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Jhana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dhyana is Mental concentration \/ meditation to withdraw mind from sense responses leading to perfect awareness. Dhyana paramita is one of the Six Perfections.\n&amp;lt;div data-pm-slice=&amp;quot;1 1 []&amp;quot; data-en-clipboard=&amp;quot;true&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Samten is a common Tibetan name.&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&#31146;&#37027;&#26159;&#25351;&#22235;&#31278;&#33394;&#30028;&#23450;&#65292;&#20196;&#24515;&#23560;&#27880;&#26044;&#26576;&#19968;&#23565;&#35937;&#65292;&#36948;&#26044;&#19981;&#25955;&#20098;&#20043;&#29376;&#24907;&#12290;&#31146;&#23450;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#26705;&#20025;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Jhana, &#31146;&#37027;,  Dhyana,  Meditation, Samten, &#26705;&#20025;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/meditation-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">meditation<\/span>, and conduct.&nbsp;&raquo;<\/p><p>The first line mentions the purity of view, which primarily refers to avoiding the extremes of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Absolutism, Eternalism&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#24120;&#27861;, &#24120;&#37002;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3938;&#3999;&#3906;&#3851;&#3928;&#3920;&#3936; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(rtag mtha), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3999;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (takpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rtag mtha&amp;#039;, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rtag pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Nityanta&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Eternalism is one of the two extremes that asserts truly permanent absolute existence of things, a&nbsp;belief that self has concrete existence and is eternal.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24120;&#37002;, &#24120;&#27861;, &#22686;&#30410;&#37002; &#25351;&#33836;&#29289;&#21253;&#25324;&#33258;&#25105;&#27704;&#24646;&#23526;&#26377;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Absolutism,  Eternalism,  Nityanta,  &#24120;&#27861;,  &#22686;&#30410;&#37002;,  &#24120;&#37002;,  &#3938;&#3999;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/absolutism\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">eternalism<\/span> and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Nihilism, Extreme of non-existence&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;, &#28961;&#37002; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#32654;&#20182;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3962;&#3921;&#3851;&#3928;&#3920;&#3936;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(me ta);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;med mtha&amp;#039;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;natthikav&#257;da&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Nihilism is one of two extreme views that repudiates conventional existence of anything, rejecting general or fundamental aspects of human existence.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#28961;&#37002;, &#25613;&#28187;&#37002;, &#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;&#21542;&#23450;&#20219;&#20309;&#20107;&#29289;&#30340;&#20659;&#32113;&#24120;&#35215;&#23384;&#22312;&#65292;&#35469;&#28858;&#23431;&#23449;&#12289;&#29983;&#21629;&#30340;&#23384;&#22312;&#26159;&#27794;&#26377;&#23458;&#35264;&#24847;&#32681;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Nihilism,  &#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;,  &#28961;&#37002;,  &#25613;&#28187;&#37002;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/nihilism\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">nihilism<\/span>. In terms of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s view, or the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Middle Way; &#20013;&#35264;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3926;&#3956;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(dbu ma); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dbu ma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Madhyamaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Madhyamaka (middle way) &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;is one of the two major Mahayana philosophical schools, founded by the great Indian master Nagarjuna in the second century. Its central teaching is that all phenomena, both internal and external, are empty of any inherent, independent existence. This emptiness is not a form of nihilism but rather the ultimate nature of reality, which is understood through the correct analysis of dependent arising. The school is further divided into two main branches regarding the method of establishing emptiness. Its profound dialectical reasoning systematically deconstructs all conceptual fabrications, revealing the peace of ultimate reality beyond all extremes.&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Traditional Chinese Explanation:&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#20013;&#35264;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20841;&#22823;&#20027;&#35201;&#23416;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#30001;&#35199;&#20803;&#20108;&#19990;&#32000;&#30340;&#21360;&#24230;&#22823;&#24107;&#40845;&#27193;&#33769;&#34217;&#25152;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290;&#20854;&#26680;&#24515;&#25945;&#32681;&#20027;&#24373;&#19968;&#20999;&#20839;&#22806;&#35576;&#27861;&#30342;&#28961;&#33258;&#24615;&#65292;&#31354;&#24615;&#20006;&#38750;&#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;&#65292;&#32780;&#26159;&#20381;&#22240;&#32227;&#32780;&#29983;&#36215;&#20043;&#35576;&#27861;&#30340;&#31350;&#31455;&#23526;&#30456;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#23565;&#26044;&#32227;&#36215;&#24615;&#31354;&#30340;&#27491;&#30906;&#20998;&#26512;&#65292;&#25581;&#31034;&#20102;&#36229;&#36234;&#19968;&#20999;&#25138;&#35542;&#30340;&#23490;&#38748;&#22659;&#30028;&#12290;&#35442;&#23416;&#27966;&#20839;&#37096;&#20381;&#20854;&#35542;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#26041;&#24335;&#65292;&#20877;&#20998;&#28858;&#20841;&#20491;&#20027;&#35201;&#25903;&#27966;&#12290;&#20013;&#35264;&#23447;&#30340;&#37555;&#21033;&#36783;&#35657;&#37007;&#36655;&#65292;&#31995;&#32113;&#24615;&#22320;&#25286;&#35299;&#19968;&#20999;&#27010;&#24565;&#36896;&#20316;&#65292;&#25104;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#26368;&#39640;&#28145;&#30340;&#27491;&#35211;&#22522;&#30707;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20013;&#35264;,  Middle way,  Madhyamaka&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/middle-way\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Middle Way<\/span> view he propagated, it avoids both <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Absolutism, Eternalism&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#24120;&#27861;, &#24120;&#37002;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3938;&#3999;&#3906;&#3851;&#3928;&#3920;&#3936; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(rtag mtha), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3999;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (takpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rtag mtha&amp;#039;, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rtag pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Nityanta&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Eternalism is one of the two extremes that asserts truly permanent absolute existence of things, a&nbsp;belief that self has concrete existence and is eternal.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24120;&#37002;, &#24120;&#27861;, &#22686;&#30410;&#37002; &#25351;&#33836;&#29289;&#21253;&#25324;&#33258;&#25105;&#27704;&#24646;&#23526;&#26377;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Absolutism,  Eternalism,  Nityanta,  &#24120;&#27861;,  &#22686;&#30410;&#37002;,  &#24120;&#37002;,  &#3938;&#3999;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/absolutism\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">eternalism<\/span> and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Nihilism, Extreme of non-existence&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;, &#28961;&#37002; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#32654;&#20182;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3962;&#3921;&#3851;&#3928;&#3920;&#3936;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(me ta);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;med mtha&amp;#039;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;natthikav&#257;da&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Nihilism is one of two extreme views that repudiates conventional existence of anything, rejecting general or fundamental aspects of human existence.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#28961;&#37002;, &#25613;&#28187;&#37002;, &#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;&#21542;&#23450;&#20219;&#20309;&#20107;&#29289;&#30340;&#20659;&#32113;&#24120;&#35215;&#23384;&#22312;&#65292;&#35469;&#28858;&#23431;&#23449;&#12289;&#29983;&#21629;&#30340;&#23384;&#22312;&#26159;&#27794;&#26377;&#23458;&#35264;&#24847;&#32681;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Nihilism,  &#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;,  &#28961;&#37002;,  &#25613;&#28187;&#37002;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/nihilism\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">nihilism<\/span>. Avoiding <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Absolutism, Eternalism&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#24120;&#27861;, &#24120;&#37002;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3938;&#3999;&#3906;&#3851;&#3928;&#3920;&#3936; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(rtag mtha), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3999;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (takpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rtag mtha&amp;#039;, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rtag pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Nityanta&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Eternalism is one of the two extremes that asserts truly permanent absolute existence of things, a&nbsp;belief that self has concrete existence and is eternal.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24120;&#37002;, &#24120;&#27861;, &#22686;&#30410;&#37002; &#25351;&#33836;&#29289;&#21253;&#25324;&#33258;&#25105;&#27704;&#24646;&#23526;&#26377;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Absolutism,  Eternalism,  Nityanta,  &#24120;&#27861;,  &#22686;&#30410;&#37002;,  &#24120;&#37002;,  &#3938;&#3999;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/absolutism\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">eternalism<\/span> refutes the notion of inherent existence, while avoiding <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Nihilism, Extreme of non-existence&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;, &#28961;&#37002; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#32654;&#20182;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3962;&#3921;&#3851;&#3928;&#3920;&#3936;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(me ta);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;med mtha&amp;#039;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;natthikav&#257;da&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Nihilism is one of two extreme views that repudiates conventional existence of anything, rejecting general or fundamental aspects of human existence.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#28961;&#37002;, &#25613;&#28187;&#37002;, &#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;&#21542;&#23450;&#20219;&#20309;&#20107;&#29289;&#30340;&#20659;&#32113;&#24120;&#35215;&#23384;&#22312;&#65292;&#35469;&#28858;&#23431;&#23449;&#12289;&#29983;&#21629;&#30340;&#23384;&#22312;&#26159;&#27794;&#26377;&#23458;&#35264;&#24847;&#32681;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Nihilism,  &#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;,  &#28961;&#37002;,  &#25613;&#28187;&#37002;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/nihilism\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">nihilism<\/span> rejects the idea that everything is nonexistent or completely empty. This is also the view transmitted by <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Nagarjuna;&nbsp; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &#3904;&#4019;&#3956;&#3851;&#3942;&#3986;&#4018;&#3956;&#3926; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lu drup); Sanskrit&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: N&#257;g&#257;rjuna;&nbsp; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Chinese&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &#40845;&#27193;&#33769;&#34217;, &#40845;&#29467; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#37027;&#22030;&#21621;&#26417;&#35365;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Nagarjuna (150-250 CE) is the founder of the Madhyamaka school of Mahayana Buddhism, a most important Buddhist philosopher, one of the 84 Indian Vajrayana Mahasiddhas., one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of&nbsp; the Six Ornaments. Some of his major works include:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Mulamadhyamaka-karika (Fundamental Verses of the Middle Way)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Sunyatasaptati (Seventy Verses on Emptiness)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vigrahavyavartani (The End of Disputes)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vaidalyaprakara&#7751;a (Pulverizing the Categories)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vyavaharasiddhi (Proof of Convention)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Yuktisastika (Sixty Verses on Reasoning) ....&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&#40845;&#27193;&#35199;&#20803;&#20108;&#19990;&#32000;&#29983;&#26044;&#21335;&#21360;&#24230;, &#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#35542;&#24107;&#20043;&#19968;, &#20013;&#35264;&#27966;&#21109;&#22987;&#32773;, &#21313;&#19971;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&#20043;&#19968;, &#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20843;&#21313;&#22235;&#22823;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#20043;&#19968;, &#20845;&#33674;&#22196;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;&#12298;&#22823;&#26234;&#24230;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#21313;&#20108;&#38272;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#19971;&#21313;&#31354;&#24615;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#36852;&#35533;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#20845;&#21313;&#38924;&#22914;&#29702;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#26041;&#20415;&#24515;&#35542;&#12299;&#31561;....&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Nagarjuna,  &#40845;&#27193;,  &#40845;&#29467;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/nagarjuna\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Nagarjuna<\/span>. Later, within the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Middle Way; &#20013;&#35264;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3926;&#3956;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(dbu ma); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dbu ma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Madhyamaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Madhyamaka (middle way) &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;is one of the two major Mahayana philosophical schools, founded by the great Indian master Nagarjuna in the second century. Its central teaching is that all phenomena, both internal and external, are empty of any inherent, independent existence. This emptiness is not a form of nihilism but rather the ultimate nature of reality, which is understood through the correct analysis of dependent arising. The school is further divided into two main branches regarding the method of establishing emptiness. Its profound dialectical reasoning systematically deconstructs all conceptual fabrications, revealing the peace of ultimate reality beyond all extremes.&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Traditional Chinese Explanation:&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#20013;&#35264;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20841;&#22823;&#20027;&#35201;&#23416;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#30001;&#35199;&#20803;&#20108;&#19990;&#32000;&#30340;&#21360;&#24230;&#22823;&#24107;&#40845;&#27193;&#33769;&#34217;&#25152;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290;&#20854;&#26680;&#24515;&#25945;&#32681;&#20027;&#24373;&#19968;&#20999;&#20839;&#22806;&#35576;&#27861;&#30342;&#28961;&#33258;&#24615;&#65292;&#31354;&#24615;&#20006;&#38750;&#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;&#65292;&#32780;&#26159;&#20381;&#22240;&#32227;&#32780;&#29983;&#36215;&#20043;&#35576;&#27861;&#30340;&#31350;&#31455;&#23526;&#30456;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#23565;&#26044;&#32227;&#36215;&#24615;&#31354;&#30340;&#27491;&#30906;&#20998;&#26512;&#65292;&#25581;&#31034;&#20102;&#36229;&#36234;&#19968;&#20999;&#25138;&#35542;&#30340;&#23490;&#38748;&#22659;&#30028;&#12290;&#35442;&#23416;&#27966;&#20839;&#37096;&#20381;&#20854;&#35542;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#26041;&#24335;&#65292;&#20877;&#20998;&#28858;&#20841;&#20491;&#20027;&#35201;&#25903;&#27966;&#12290;&#20013;&#35264;&#23447;&#30340;&#37555;&#21033;&#36783;&#35657;&#37007;&#36655;&#65292;&#31995;&#32113;&#24615;&#22320;&#25286;&#35299;&#19968;&#20999;&#27010;&#24565;&#36896;&#20316;&#65292;&#25104;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#26368;&#39640;&#28145;&#30340;&#27491;&#35211;&#22522;&#30707;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20013;&#35264;,  Middle way,  Madhyamaka&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/middle-way\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Middle Way<\/span> school, the aspect of view practiced in <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s teachings follows the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Middle Way; &#20013;&#35264;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3926;&#3956;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(dbu ma); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dbu ma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Madhyamaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Madhyamaka (middle way) &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;is one of the two major Mahayana philosophical schools, founded by the great Indian master Nagarjuna in the second century. Its central teaching is that all phenomena, both internal and external, are empty of any inherent, independent existence. This emptiness is not a form of nihilism but rather the ultimate nature of reality, which is understood through the correct analysis of dependent arising. The school is further divided into two main branches regarding the method of establishing emptiness. Its profound dialectical reasoning systematically deconstructs all conceptual fabrications, revealing the peace of ultimate reality beyond all extremes.&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Traditional Chinese Explanation:&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#20013;&#35264;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20841;&#22823;&#20027;&#35201;&#23416;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#30001;&#35199;&#20803;&#20108;&#19990;&#32000;&#30340;&#21360;&#24230;&#22823;&#24107;&#40845;&#27193;&#33769;&#34217;&#25152;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290;&#20854;&#26680;&#24515;&#25945;&#32681;&#20027;&#24373;&#19968;&#20999;&#20839;&#22806;&#35576;&#27861;&#30342;&#28961;&#33258;&#24615;&#65292;&#31354;&#24615;&#20006;&#38750;&#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;&#65292;&#32780;&#26159;&#20381;&#22240;&#32227;&#32780;&#29983;&#36215;&#20043;&#35576;&#27861;&#30340;&#31350;&#31455;&#23526;&#30456;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#23565;&#26044;&#32227;&#36215;&#24615;&#31354;&#30340;&#27491;&#30906;&#20998;&#26512;&#65292;&#25581;&#31034;&#20102;&#36229;&#36234;&#19968;&#20999;&#25138;&#35542;&#30340;&#23490;&#38748;&#22659;&#30028;&#12290;&#35442;&#23416;&#27966;&#20839;&#37096;&#20381;&#20854;&#35542;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#26041;&#24335;&#65292;&#20877;&#20998;&#28858;&#20841;&#20491;&#20027;&#35201;&#25903;&#27966;&#12290;&#20013;&#35264;&#23447;&#30340;&#37555;&#21033;&#36783;&#35657;&#37007;&#36655;&#65292;&#31995;&#32113;&#24615;&#22320;&#25286;&#35299;&#19968;&#20999;&#27010;&#24565;&#36896;&#20316;&#65292;&#25104;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#26368;&#39640;&#28145;&#30340;&#27491;&#35211;&#22522;&#30707;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20013;&#35264;,  Middle way,  Madhyamaka&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/middle-way\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Middle Way<\/span> view passed down by <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Naga, Serpent deity; &#37027;&#20285;, &#40845;&#30526;, &#40845;&#26063;, &#40845;&#36947;, &#40845;&#29579;, &#34503;&#31070;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#36335;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3904;&#4019;&#3956; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(lu); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;klu&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: n&#257;ga;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Naga, one of&nbsp; the Eight Astasena, is a race of serpent or dragon spirits, living under ground or in water, rocks, caves or trees with magical power and wealth. They may appear in semi-serpent and semi-human forms.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Nagaraja is king of nagas and naginis.&nbsp;Nagas follow Virupaksa, the Heavenly King of the west. They are the guards of Mount Sumeru to protect Trayastrimsa.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#40845;&#30526;&#26159;&#20315;&#32147;&#19978;&#19968;&#39006;&#34503;&#31070;&#65292;&#23560;&#31649;&#33288;&#38642;&#38477;&#38632;&#65292;&#26159;&#22825;&#40845;&#20843;&#37096;&#35703;&#27861;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Naga,  &#40845;&#30526;,  Serpent deity,  &#40845;&#29579;,  &#34503;&#31070;,  &#40845;&#36947;,  &#40845;&#26063;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/naga\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Naga<\/span>runa.<\/p><p>The second aspect concerns the purity of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Meditation, Mental Concentration, Samten&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31146;&#23450;, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31146;&#37027;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#19977;&#28359;\/&#26705;&#20025;); Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;tibetan&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3942;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3919;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(sam tan); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bsam gtan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhyana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Jhana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dhyana is Mental concentration \/ meditation to withdraw mind from sense responses leading to perfect awareness. Dhyana paramita is one of the Six Perfections.\n&amp;lt;div data-pm-slice=&amp;quot;1 1 []&amp;quot; data-en-clipboard=&amp;quot;true&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Samten is a common Tibetan name.&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&#31146;&#37027;&#26159;&#25351;&#22235;&#31278;&#33394;&#30028;&#23450;&#65292;&#20196;&#24515;&#23560;&#27880;&#26044;&#26576;&#19968;&#23565;&#35937;&#65292;&#36948;&#26044;&#19981;&#25955;&#20098;&#20043;&#29376;&#24907;&#12290;&#31146;&#23450;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#26705;&#20025;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Jhana, &#31146;&#37027;,  Dhyana,  Meditation, Samten, &#26705;&#20025;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/meditation-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">meditation<\/span>, which involves eliminating subtle sinking. Subtle sinking is often mentioned in the practice of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Shamatha, Calm Abiding&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22882;&#25705;&#20182;&#65292;&#23490;&#27490;&#31146;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3934;&#3954;&#3851;&#3906;&#3923;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (shiney); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;zhi gnas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#347;amatha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Shamatha (Samata \/ Samatha) is a tranquility meditation concentration practice of calming the mind in order to free from the disturbance of thought by following the breath and observing the workings of the mind. Usually one sits in the cross-legged posture.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22882;&#25705;&#20182;&#65292;&#23490;&#27490;&#31146;&#65292;&#26159;&#19968;&#31278;&#22522;&#26412;&#38748;&#22352;&#31146;&#20462;&#65292;&#20102;&#35299;&#33067;&#24605;&#24819;&#30340;&#24178;&#25854;&#65292;&#35264;&#23519;&#24515;&#30340;&#36939;&#34892;&#20006;&#21516;&#26178;&#25976;&#24687;&#65292;&#36890;&#24120;&#20197;&#30436;&#33151;&#23039;&#21218;&#25171;&#22352;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#22882;&#25705;&#20182;,  &#23490;&#27490;&#31146;,  Samatha,   Calm Abiding&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/samatha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">calm abiding<\/span> (<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Shamatha, Calm Abiding&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22882;&#25705;&#20182;&#65292;&#23490;&#27490;&#31146;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3934;&#3954;&#3851;&#3906;&#3923;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (shiney); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;zhi gnas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#347;amatha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Shamatha (Samata \/ Samatha) is a tranquility meditation concentration practice of calming the mind in order to free from the disturbance of thought by following the breath and observing the workings of the mind. Usually one sits in the cross-legged posture.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22882;&#25705;&#20182;&#65292;&#23490;&#27490;&#31146;&#65292;&#26159;&#19968;&#31278;&#22522;&#26412;&#38748;&#22352;&#31146;&#20462;&#65292;&#20102;&#35299;&#33067;&#24605;&#24819;&#30340;&#24178;&#25854;&#65292;&#35264;&#23519;&#24515;&#30340;&#36939;&#34892;&#20006;&#21516;&#26178;&#25976;&#24687;&#65292;&#36890;&#24120;&#20197;&#30436;&#33151;&#23039;&#21218;&#25171;&#22352;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#22882;&#25705;&#20182;,  &#23490;&#27490;&#31146;,  Samatha,   Calm Abiding&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/samatha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">shamatha<\/span>), and it is cl<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Osel, Luminous, Lucent; &#30332;&#20809;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(&#27472;&#28580;\/&#22887;&#29791;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (osel); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;od gsal&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;prabhasvara&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;Osel is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Osal, &Ouml;s&auml;l, &Ouml;sal, &Ouml;dsal, Odsal.&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#27472;&#28580; \/ &#22887;&#29791;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Osel,  &#27472;&#28580;,  &#22887;&#29791;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a0%e0%bd%bc%e0%bd%91%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%a6%e0%bd%a3\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">osel<\/span>y related to the practice of meditative concentration (<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Samadhi, Meditative Absorption, One-Pointed Meditation&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#25705;&#22320;, &#38748;&#24942;, &#31146;&#23450; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#19969;&#20839;&#20170; \/ &#38651;&#22686;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3919;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3908;&#3962;&#3851;&#3936;&#3931;&#3954;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(ting nge dzin), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3919;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3936;&#3931;&#3954;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (ting dzin); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;ting nge &amp;#039;dzin, ting &amp;#039;dzin&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Samadhi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Samadhi, meditative absorption or one-pointed meditation, is the highest perfect concentration state of mind. The mind is concentrated on a single object and gradually calmed until the distinction between the object and the meditator disappears. This is the realization of non-dualism. Samadhi is one of five object-determining mental states.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19977;&#25705;&#22320;&#26159;&#26159;&#31146;&#20462;&#30340;&#26368;&#39640;&#24418;&#24335;&#65292;&#38748;&#24942;&#23560;&#27880;&#26044;&#21934;&#19968;&#23565;&#22659;&#32780;&#19988;&#28472;&#19981;&#25955;&#20098;&#65292;&#23436;&#20840;&#27887;&#38500;&#23565;&#22659;&#33287;&#31146;&#20462;&#32773;&#30340;&#21312;&#21029;&#65292;&#35657;&#24471;&#19981;&#20108;&#12290;&#19977;&#25705;&#22320;&#26159;&#20116;&#21029;&#22659;&#24515;&#25152;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#19977;&#25705;&#22320;,  Samadhi, &#31146;&#23450;,  &#38748;&#24942;,  &#3919;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3936;&#3931;&#3954;&#3923;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/samadhi\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">samadhi<\/span>). Many practitioners mistakenly identify the feeling of sinking as the practice of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Shamatha, Calm Abiding&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22882;&#25705;&#20182;&#65292;&#23490;&#27490;&#31146;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3934;&#3954;&#3851;&#3906;&#3923;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (shiney); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;zhi gnas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#347;amatha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Shamatha (Samata \/ Samatha) is a tranquility meditation concentration practice of calming the mind in order to free from the disturbance of thought by following the breath and observing the workings of the mind. Usually one sits in the cross-legged posture.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22882;&#25705;&#20182;&#65292;&#23490;&#27490;&#31146;&#65292;&#26159;&#19968;&#31278;&#22522;&#26412;&#38748;&#22352;&#31146;&#20462;&#65292;&#20102;&#35299;&#33067;&#24605;&#24819;&#30340;&#24178;&#25854;&#65292;&#35264;&#23519;&#24515;&#30340;&#36939;&#34892;&#20006;&#21516;&#26178;&#25976;&#24687;&#65292;&#36890;&#24120;&#20197;&#30436;&#33151;&#23039;&#21218;&#25171;&#22352;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#22882;&#25705;&#20182;,  &#23490;&#27490;&#31146;,  Samatha,   Calm Abiding&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/samatha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">calm abiding<\/span> or meditative concentration. There are many subtle distinctions in this area that are often misunderstood as valid states. Here, the emphasis is on the need for wisdom (<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sherab, Wisdom; &#26234;&#24935;, &#33324;&#33509; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21332;&#25289;\/&#21916;&#39250;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3962;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3926; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(she rab); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;shes rab&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Prajna&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Wisdom (prajna) is one of Five object-determining mental states. Sherab\/Sherap is a common Tibetan name.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24935;&#26159;&#20116;&#21029;&#22659;&#24515;&#25152;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#21916;&#39250;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Prajna,  &#33324;&#33509;,  Sherab,  &#21332;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sherab\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">prajna<\/span>) in the practice of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Meditation, Mental Concentration, Samten&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31146;&#23450;, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31146;&#37027;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#19977;&#28359;\/&#26705;&#20025;); Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;tibetan&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3942;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3919;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(sam tan); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bsam gtan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhyana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Jhana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dhyana is Mental concentration \/ meditation to withdraw mind from sense responses leading to perfect awareness. Dhyana paramita is one of the Six Perfections.\n&amp;lt;div data-pm-slice=&amp;quot;1 1 []&amp;quot; data-en-clipboard=&amp;quot;true&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Samten is a common Tibetan name.&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&#31146;&#37027;&#26159;&#25351;&#22235;&#31278;&#33394;&#30028;&#23450;&#65292;&#20196;&#24515;&#23560;&#27880;&#26044;&#26576;&#19968;&#23565;&#35937;&#65292;&#36948;&#26044;&#19981;&#25955;&#20098;&#20043;&#29376;&#24907;&#12290;&#31146;&#23450;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#26705;&#20025;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Jhana, &#31146;&#37027;,  Dhyana,  Meditation, Samten, &#26705;&#20025;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/meditation-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">meditation<\/span>, ultimately leading to a state of non-fabrication in meditative concentration. This is also a method of practicing <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsondru, Diligence, Perseverance; &#31934;&#36914;, &#21220;&#21193;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#23562;&#29664;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3938;&#4009;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3956;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tsondru); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;brtson &amp;#039;grus&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Virya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;Perseverance (Virya paramita), diligence, is one of the Six Perfections and one of Eleven Virtuous States. Tsondru \/ Ts&ouml;ndr&uuml; \/ Tzondru is a common Tibetan name.&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#31934;&#36914;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#21313;&#19968;&#21892;&#24515;&#25152;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#23562;&#29664; \/ &#23562;&#20027;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Virya, Diligence, Perseverance, Tsondru, &#23562;&#29664;,  &#31934;&#36914;,  &#23562;&#20027;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%96%e0%bd%a2%e0%be%a9%e0%bd%bc%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%a0%e0%bd%82%e0%be%b2%e0%bd%b4%e0%bd%a6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">diligence<\/span> as described in texts like the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhisattva; &#33769;&#34217; (&#34083;&#31179; &#26862;&#35997;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3851;&#3910;&#3956;&#3926;&#3851;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (chang chub sempa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;byang chub sems dpa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhisattva&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A bodhisattva is a person who is dedicated on the path towards buddhahood. In Mahayana Buddhism, a bodhisattva is someone who has generated bodhicitta, a compassionate mind to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#25351;&#37027;&#20123;&#30332;&#24515;&#28858;&#20102;&#24478;&#36650;&#36852;&#20013;&#35299;&#33067;&#65292;&#25104;&#23601;&#20315;&#26524;&#32780;&#25215;&#35582;&#20462;&#34892;&#30340;&#20154;&#12290;&#22312;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#65292;&#35657;&#24735;&#32773;&#26371;&#36984;&#25799;&#26368;&#39640;&#29702;&#24819;&#32780;&#30041;&#22312;&#19990;&#38291;&#21435;&#24171;&#21161;&#21450;&#24341;&#23566;&#30526;&#29983;&#26397;&#21521;&#35258;&#24735;&#65292;&#32780;&#19981;&#26159;&#36914;&#20837;&#28037;&#30436;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#33769;&#34217;,  Bodhisattva&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/bodhisattva\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Bodhisattva<\/span> Bhumi .<\/p><p>The third aspect pertains to conduct, specifically <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pure Conduct; &#28165;&#28136;&#34892;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#35258;&#24052; &#21335;&#36948;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4004;&#4017;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3921;&#3906;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (chopa namdak); Wylie: spyod pa rnam dag;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Pure Conduct,  &#28165;&#28136;&#34892;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/pure-conduct\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">pure conduct<\/span>, which primarily relates to the observance of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tshultrim, Precept, Ethics; Discipline, Virtue, Morality; &#25345;&#25106;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;, &#25106;&#24459;, &#36947;&#24503; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26970;&#33251;\/&#21021;&#31281;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3930;&#3956;&#3939;&#3851;&#3905;&#4018;&#3954;&#3928;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Tshul trim); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tshul khrims&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sila Paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sila Paramita, Discipline, Virtue, ethical conduct, is one of the Six Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tshultrim is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Tsh&uuml;lt&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;0cfacee8d1448c3facbbe5650831fef3&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;&amp;gt;hri&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;m, Tsultrim, Ts&uuml;ltrim.\n&#25345;&#25106;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#26970;&#33251; \/ &#21021;&#31281;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25345;&#25106;,  &#25106;&#24459;,  Ethics,  Sila,  Precept,  Tshultrim,  &#26970;&#33251;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tshultrim\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">precept<\/span>s. All <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tshultrim, Precept, Ethics; Discipline, Virtue, Morality; &#25345;&#25106;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;, &#25106;&#24459;, &#36947;&#24503; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26970;&#33251;\/&#21021;&#31281;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3930;&#3956;&#3939;&#3851;&#3905;&#4018;&#3954;&#3928;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Tshul trim); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tshul khrims&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sila Paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sila Paramita, Discipline, Virtue, ethical conduct, is one of the Six Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tshultrim is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Tsh&uuml;lt&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;0cfacee8d1448c3facbbe5650831fef3&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;&amp;gt;hri&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;m, Tsultrim, Ts&uuml;ltrim.\n&#25345;&#25106;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#26970;&#33251; \/ &#21021;&#31281;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25345;&#25106;,  &#25106;&#24459;,  Ethics,  Sila,  Precept,  Tshultrim,  &#26970;&#33251;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tshultrim\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">precept<\/span>s were established by <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha Shakyamuni; &#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#37323;&#36838;&#22303;&#24052;\/&#22799;&#21152;&#22303;&#24052;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3953;&#3904;&#4017;&#3851;&#3920;&#3956;&#3926;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (shakya thubpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;shAkya thub pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Siddhartha Gautama&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#36523;&#37329;&#33394;&#65292;&#21491;&#25163;&#35320;&#22320;&#21360;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#23450;&#21360;&#65292;&#36523;&#31359;&#27604;&#19992;&#19977;&#34915;&#65292;&#29694;&#26805;&#34892;&#20986;&#23478;&#30456;&#65292;&#20855;&#36275;&#19977;&#21313;&#20108;&#31278;&#22937;&#30456;&#12289;&#20843;&#21313;&#31278;&#38568;&#22909;&#65292;&#37329;&#21083;&#29640;&#36282;&#24231;&#26044;&#34030;&#33457;&#26376;&#36650;&#23542;&#24231;&#19978;&#12290;&#25345;&#35494;&#20315;&#38464;&#20315;&#34399;&#30340;&#21151;&#24503;&#65292;&#33021;&#28040;&#36942;&#21435;&#29983;&#20013;&#65292;&#19968;&#33836;&#21163;&#30340;&#32618;&#26989;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Buddha Shakyamuni is at the center of 35 Confession Buddhas. He is golden in monk robes, sitting in full meditation vajra posture on lotus and moon disc throne with right hand in Bhumisparsa mudra. He has thirty-two major and eighty minor distinguishing physical characteristics. Reciting his name can purify all negative karma accumulated over 10,000 eons.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Shakyamuni, &#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;,  &#37323;&#36838;&#22303;&#24052;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/shakyamuni\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Shakyamuni<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span>, so the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tshultrim, Precept, Ethics; Discipline, Virtue, Morality; &#25345;&#25106;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;, &#25106;&#24459;, &#36947;&#24503; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26970;&#33251;\/&#21021;&#31281;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3930;&#3956;&#3939;&#3851;&#3905;&#4018;&#3954;&#3928;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Tshul trim); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tshul khrims&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sila Paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sila Paramita, Discipline, Virtue, ethical conduct, is one of the Six Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tshultrim is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Tsh&uuml;lt&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;0cfacee8d1448c3facbbe5650831fef3&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;&amp;gt;hri&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;m, Tsultrim, Ts&uuml;ltrim.\n&#25345;&#25106;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#26970;&#33251; \/ &#21021;&#31281;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25345;&#25106;,  &#25106;&#24459;,  Ethics,  Sila,  Precept,  Tshultrim,  &#26970;&#33251;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tshultrim\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">precept<\/span>s upheld in <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s lineage are precisely those taught by the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> in the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vinaya, Discipline&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27607;&#22856;&#32822;, &#24459;&#34255;, &#32000;&#24459;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3921;&#3956;&#3939;&#3851;&#3926; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(dulwa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;dul ba&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vinaya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Vinaya, the first of the Tripitaka, It is a collection of Buddhist scriptures containing the rules and procedures that govern the Buddhist monastic community, or sangha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24459;&#34255;&#26159;&#19977;&#34255;&#32147;&#30340;&#31532;&#19968;&#37096;&#65292;&#31649;&#29702;&#20315;&#25945;&#20711;&#22296;&#30340;&#35215;&#21063;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Vinaya,  &#27607;&#22856;&#32822;,  &#24459;&#34255;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vinaya\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vinaya<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Scriptures, Book&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#32147;&#20989; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#38647;&#37030;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3906;&#4019;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (lek bam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;glegs bam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#32147;&#25991;,  Scriptures&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/scriptures-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">scriptures<\/span>. These <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tshultrim, Precept, Ethics; Discipline, Virtue, Morality; &#25345;&#25106;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;, &#25106;&#24459;, &#36947;&#24503; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26970;&#33251;\/&#21021;&#31281;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3930;&#3956;&#3939;&#3851;&#3905;&#4018;&#3954;&#3928;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Tshul trim); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tshul khrims&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sila Paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sila Paramita, Discipline, Virtue, ethical conduct, is one of the Six Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tshultrim is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Tsh&uuml;lt&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;0cfacee8d1448c3facbbe5650831fef3&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;&amp;gt;hri&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;m, Tsultrim, Ts&uuml;ltrim.\n&#25345;&#25106;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#26970;&#33251; \/ &#21021;&#31281;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25345;&#25106;,  &#25106;&#24459;,  Ethics,  Sila,  Precept,  Tshultrim,  &#26970;&#33251;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tshultrim\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">precept<\/span>s serve as the foun<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Destroyer&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#30772;&#22750;&#32773;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dati&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dati\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">dati<\/span>on for the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Gendun, Sangha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20711;&#23542;, &#20711;&#20285; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#32102;&#25958;\/&#26684;&#38931;\/&#26681;&#30331;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3906;&#3962;&#3851;&#3936;&#3921;&#3956;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (gendun); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dge &amp;#039;dun&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sa&#7747;gha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sangha is the community of practitioners following the teachings of the Buddha. Gendun is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Gend&uuml;n, Ged&uuml;n, Gedun, Gedhun.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20711;&#20285;&#26159;&#20315;&#27861;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;, &#26159;&#20462;&#36947;&#19978;&#30340;&#21451;&#20276;&#12290;&#20711;&#23542;&#25351;&#24050;&#25104;&#23601;&#30340;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#12290;&#32102;&#25958; \/ &nbsp;&#26684;&#38931; \/ &#26681;&#30331; \/ &#26681;&#25958; &#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#65292;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Sangha,  &#20711;&#23542;,  &#20711;&#20285;,  Samgha,  &#32102;&#25958;,   &#26684;&#38931;,  &#26681;&#30331;,  &#26681;&#25958;,  Gendun,  Gedun&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%ba%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%a0%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%b4%e0%bd%93\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sangha<\/span> community. These teachings are also echoed in later texts such as the Three <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vow; &#35475;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#30070;&#30342;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3909;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(damche); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dam bcas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35475;,  Vow&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%98%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%96%e0%bd%85%e0%bd%a6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Vow<\/span>s . The fourth line expresses the aspiration that the pure teachings of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&mdash;encompassing view, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Meditation, Mental Concentration, Samten&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31146;&#23450;, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31146;&#37027;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#19977;&#28359;\/&#26705;&#20025;); Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;tibetan&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3942;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3919;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(sam tan); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bsam gtan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhyana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Jhana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dhyana is Mental concentration \/ meditation to withdraw mind from sense responses leading to perfect awareness. Dhyana paramita is one of the Six Perfections.\n&amp;lt;div data-pm-slice=&amp;quot;1 1 []&amp;quot; data-en-clipboard=&amp;quot;true&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Samten is a common Tibetan name.&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&#31146;&#37027;&#26159;&#25351;&#22235;&#31278;&#33394;&#30028;&#23450;&#65292;&#20196;&#24515;&#23560;&#27880;&#26044;&#26576;&#19968;&#23565;&#35937;&#65292;&#36948;&#26044;&#19981;&#25955;&#20098;&#20043;&#29376;&#24907;&#12290;&#31146;&#23450;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#26705;&#20025;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Jhana, &#31146;&#37027;,  Dhyana,  Meditation, Samten, &#26705;&#20025;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/meditation-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">meditation<\/span>, and conduct&mdash;may endure for a long time.<\/p><h4><strong>5.<br><\/strong><strong>Learned, due to your vast study and extensive enquiry,<\/strong><br><strong>Venerable, through having applied the points of study to your character,<\/strong><br><strong>Kind-hearted, due to dedicating all towards the teachings and beings&mdash;<\/strong><br><strong>May the victorious Lobzang Drakpa&rsquo;s teachings flourish and spread!<\/strong><\/h4><p>The fifth verse primarily discusses the three aspects of listening, contemplating, and meditating, each paired with three types of purity: purity of wisdom, purity of conduct, and purity of aspiration.<\/p><p>The section on wisdom refers to the entirety of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s life and deeds. First, it highlights how <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> extensively studied a wide range of subjects, including not only Buddhist teachings but also the five major and minor sciences of worldly <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rigpa, Knowledge&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26126;, &#26234;&#24935;, &#24847;&#35672;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;VIiyi&amp;quot; lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;18&amp;quot; data-number-of-phrases=&amp;quot;19&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;Q4iAWc&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#26085;&#24052;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;); Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3954;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(rigpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rig pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vidya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Vidya means knowledge. The Tibetan term &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rigpa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; means awareness.&nbsp;Alternate spelling \/ Variations:&nbsp; Rikpa.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Vidya,  Awareness,  Knowledge,  Rigpa,  &#24847;&#35672;,  &#26085;&#24052;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/rigpa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">knowledge<\/span>. Thus, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> embodies purity of wisdom.<\/p><p>Next, regarding the content he studied, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> practiced it thoroughly. This practice primarily refers to the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Trisiksa, Threefold Training&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#23416;: &#25106;&#12289;&#23450;&#12289;&#24935;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#4023;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4019;&#3926;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lhag-pa&rsquo;i bslab-pa gsum&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Trisiksa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Trisiksa is the training on the path to nirvana that leads to abandonment of aversion, attachment and delusion:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;superior discipline (adhishila)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;superior wisdom (adhiprajna)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;superior mind (adhicitta)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#25345;&#25106;&#20239;&#36010;&#24859;&#65292;&#31146;&#23450;&#20239;&#21972;&#24594;&#65292;&#26234;&#24935;&#20239;&#24858;&#30305;&#12290;&#31934;&#36914;&#20462;&#34892;&#65292;&#35299;&#33067;&#29033;&#24817;&#65292;&#31350;&#31455;&#28037;&#27075;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#19977;&#23416;,  Trisiksa,  Threefold Training,  &#25106;&#23450;&#24935;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/trisiksa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">threefold training<\/span> in discipline (<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tshultrim, Precept, Ethics; Discipline, Virtue, Morality; &#25345;&#25106;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;, &#25106;&#24459;, &#36947;&#24503; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26970;&#33251;\/&#21021;&#31281;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3930;&#3956;&#3939;&#3851;&#3905;&#4018;&#3954;&#3928;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Tshul trim); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tshul khrims&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sila Paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sila Paramita, Discipline, Virtue, ethical conduct, is one of the Six Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tshultrim is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Tsh&uuml;lt&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;0cfacee8d1448c3facbbe5650831fef3&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;&amp;gt;hri&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;m, Tsultrim, Ts&uuml;ltrim.\n&#25345;&#25106;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#26970;&#33251; \/ &#21021;&#31281;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25345;&#25106;,  &#25106;&#24459;,  Ethics,  Sila,  Precept,  Tshultrim,  &#26970;&#33251;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tshultrim\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">sila<\/span>), concentration (<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Samadhi, Meditative Absorption, One-Pointed Meditation&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#25705;&#22320;, &#38748;&#24942;, &#31146;&#23450; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#19969;&#20839;&#20170; \/ &#38651;&#22686;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3919;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3908;&#3962;&#3851;&#3936;&#3931;&#3954;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(ting nge dzin), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3919;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3936;&#3931;&#3954;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (ting dzin); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;ting nge &amp;#039;dzin, ting &amp;#039;dzin&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Samadhi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Samadhi, meditative absorption or one-pointed meditation, is the highest perfect concentration state of mind. The mind is concentrated on a single object and gradually calmed until the distinction between the object and the meditator disappears. This is the realization of non-dualism. Samadhi is one of five object-determining mental states.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19977;&#25705;&#22320;&#26159;&#26159;&#31146;&#20462;&#30340;&#26368;&#39640;&#24418;&#24335;&#65292;&#38748;&#24942;&#23560;&#27880;&#26044;&#21934;&#19968;&#23565;&#22659;&#32780;&#19988;&#28472;&#19981;&#25955;&#20098;&#65292;&#23436;&#20840;&#27887;&#38500;&#23565;&#22659;&#33287;&#31146;&#20462;&#32773;&#30340;&#21312;&#21029;&#65292;&#35657;&#24471;&#19981;&#20108;&#12290;&#19977;&#25705;&#22320;&#26159;&#20116;&#21029;&#22659;&#24515;&#25152;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#19977;&#25705;&#22320;,  Samadhi, &#31146;&#23450;,  &#38748;&#24942;,  &#3919;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3936;&#3931;&#3954;&#3923;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/samadhi\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">samadhi<\/span>), and wisdom (<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sherab, Wisdom; &#26234;&#24935;, &#33324;&#33509; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21332;&#25289;\/&#21916;&#39250;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3962;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3926; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(she rab); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;shes rab&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Prajna&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Wisdom (prajna) is one of Five object-determining mental states. Sherab\/Sherap is a common Tibetan name.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24935;&#26159;&#20116;&#21029;&#22659;&#24515;&#25152;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#21916;&#39250;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Prajna,  &#33324;&#33509;,  Sherab,  &#21332;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sherab\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">prajna<\/span>). These practices exemplify the purity of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s conduct.<\/p><p>Finally, the purity of aspiration explains that all of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s study and practice were aimed at the flourishing of the entire <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span>. Therefore, this is the purity of aspiration. The verse expresses the wish that <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s teachings may endure for a long time.<\/p><p><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s life included an extended period <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dedicate&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36852;&#21521; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#25105;, &#25105;&#21703;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3942;&#3988;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (ngo), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3942;&#3988;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (ngo war); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bsngos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bsngo ba&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3926;&#3942;&#3988;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;,  &#36852;&#21521;,  Dedicat&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dedicate\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">dedicat<\/span>ed to listening and contemplating. Through these efforts, he became the crown jewel of wise scholars in the snowland of Tibet. Consequently, figures from the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Nyingma; &#23527;&#29802;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3993;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rnying ma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Nyingma is the oldest of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism. It was founded in the eighth century. King Trisong Detsen invited Padmasambhava to introduce Buddhism to Tibet.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23527;&#29802;&#27966;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#27511;&#21490;&#26368;&#20037;&#20043;&#27966;&#65292;&#25104;&#26044;&#20844;&#20803;11&#19990;&#32000;&#12290;&#23562;&#22857;&#34030;&#33457;&#29983;&#22823;&#22763;&#28858;&#22987;&#31062;&#65292;&#20659;&#25215;&#26368;&#39640;&#20462;&#27861;&#28858;&#12300;&#22823;&#22291;&#28415;&#27861;&#12301;&#12290;&#30001;&#26044;&#20711;&#20154;&#25110;&#19978;&#24107;&#22343;&#25140;&#32005;&#33394;&#27861;&#24125;&#65292;&#25925;&#20439;&#31281;&#28858;&#12300;&#32005;&#24125;&#27966;&#12301;&#25110;&#12300;&#32005;&#25945;&#12301;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Nyingma,  &#23527;&#29802;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/nyingma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Nyingma<\/span>, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Kagyu; &#22134;&#33289;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3926;&#3904;&#3936;&#3851;&#3926;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3956;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bka&amp;#039;-brgyud;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Kagyu ( &amp;quot;Oral Lineage&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Whispered Transmission&amp;quot;) is one of the four main traditions of Tibetan Buddhism. It was brought to Tibet by Marpa Lotsawa around 1050. It has four major and eight minor independent sub-schools including Karma Kagyu, Drikung Kagyu, Taklung Kagyu and Drukpa.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The main teachings of Kagyu include Mahamudra and the Six Yogas of Naropa.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22134;&#33289;&#27966; (&#21475;&#20659;&#27966;&#25110;&#31146;&#20462;&#27966;) &#20439;&#31281;&#30333;&#25945;&#26159;&#35199;&#34255;&#20315;&#25945;&#22235;&#22823;&#25945;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#32004;&#26044; 1050&#24180;&#30001;&#39340;&#29246;&#24052;&#35695;&#24107;&#24341;&#20837;&#35199;&#34255;&#65292;&#20659;&#25215;&#26377;&#22235;&#22823;&#21644;&#20843;&#23567;&#25903;&#27966;&#65292;&#21253;&#25324;&#22134;&#29802;&#22134;&#33289;&#12289;&#31481;&#24052;&#22134;&#33289;&#12289;&#30452;&#36002;&#22134;&#33289;&#31561;&#12290;&#26368;&#26680;&#24515;&#30340;&#20462;&#27861;&#26159;&#12298;&#37027;&#27931;&#20845;&#27861;&#12299;&#21450;&#39023;&#12289;&#23494;&#22823;&#25163;&#21360;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#22134;&#33289;,  Kagyu&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/kagyu\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Kagyu<\/span>, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sakya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#34217;&#36838;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (sakya); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sa skya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sakya is one of the four main traditions of Tibetan Buddhism. It was founded by Khon Konchok Gyalpo in 1073. In Tibetan, Sakya means &amp;#039;grey earth&amp;#039; which is the colour of the earth at the Sakya Monastery. The most important teaching of the Sakya tradition is Lamdre, or &amp;#039;Path with Fruit&amp;#039;, associated with the Hevajra Tantra.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#34217;&#36838;&#27966;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#22235;&#22823;&#25945;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#30001;&#26118;&middot;&#36002;&#21371;&#20625;&#24067;&#21109;&#22987;&#65292;&#20027;&#24373;&#20808;&#39023;&#24460;&#23494;&#20860;&#20462;&#12290;&#34217;&#36838;&#30340;&#34255;&#35486;&#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#28784;&#30333;&#33394;&#65292;&#22240;&#20027;&#23546;&#34217;&#36838;&#23546;&#22303;&#33394;&#28784;&#30333;&#12290;&#20027;&#23546;&#22285;&#29254;&#19978;&#22615;&#26377;&#32005;&#12289;&#30333;&#12289;&#40657;&#19977;&#33394;&#26781;&#32011;&#65292;&#25925;&#24120;&#34987;&#31281;&#28858;&#33457;&#25945;&#12290;&#36947;&#26524;&#27861;&#26159;&#34217;&#36838;&#27966;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#25945;&#32681;&#12290;&#38936;&#34966;&#28858;&#34217;&#36838;&#27861;&#29579;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Sakya,  &#34217;&#36838;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sakya\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sakya<\/span>, and other traditions praised <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s wisdom. For example, the accomplished master Yishin Tsewa likened <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> to the pinnacle of a white <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Chatraratna&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23542;&#33995;\/&#20632;&#33995;\/&#23542;&#20632;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3921;&#3956;&#3906;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(rinchenduk);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rin chen gdugs&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Chatraratna&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Chatraratna (jewelled parasol, canopy), one of eight auspicious signs, represents protection from harmful forces and illness.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23542;&#33995;&#26159;&#20843;&#21513;&#31077;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#35937;&#24501;&#20315;&#27861;&#20351;&#30526;&#29983;&#20813;&#26044;&#33510;&#24817;&#65292;&#36960;&#38626;&#19968;&#20999;&#39764;&#38556;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Chatraratna,  &#23542;&#20632;,  &#20632;&#33995;,  &#23542;&#33995;,  Parasol&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/chatraratna\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">parasol<\/span>, with his fame spreading throughout Tibet. Such praises were abundant.<\/p><p>Similarly, the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lotsawa, Translator&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35695;&#24107;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#32645;&#26413;&#29926;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3964;&#3851;&#3929;&#3953;&#3851;&#3926;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (Lotsawa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lo tsA ba&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lotsawa is a title for a Tibetan translator. Famous lotsawas in history include:&nbsp;Rinchen Zangpo and Marpa Lotsawa.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35695;&#24107;&#26159;&#25351;&#20855;&#20633;&#20315;&#25945;&#20462;&#34892;&#39636;&#39511;&#30340;&#32147;&#35542;&#32763;&#35695;&#32773;&#65292;&#33879;&#21517;&#30340;&#26377;: &#20161;&#27453;&#26705;&#24067;&#65292;&#39340;&#29246;&#24052;&#35695;&#24107;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Translator,  Lotsawa,  &#35695;&#24107;,  &#32645;&#26413;&#29926;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lotsawa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">translator<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ngawang, Powerful Speech, Lord of speech&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35486;&#33258;&#22312;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#38463;&#26106;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3908;&#3906;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#3908;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Ngawang); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;ngag dbang&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ngawang is a common Tibetan name.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#38463;&#26106; \/&nbsp;&#26114;&#26106;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Ngawang,  &#38463;&#26106;, &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/ngawang\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Ngawang<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Drakpa, Famed, Renown&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#33879;&#21517; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26413;&#35997; \/ &#26413;&#24052; \/ &#25166;&#24052;, &#22522;&#29246;&#33922;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Drakpa) &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3904;&#3954;&#3938;&#3999;&#3954;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (kirti); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Drakpa is a common Tibetan name meaning renown. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Dragpa.\n&#26413;&#35997; \/ &#26413;&#24052; \/ &#25166;&#24052; &#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#65292;&#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#33879;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Kirti, &#3904;&#3954;&#3938;&#3999;&#3954;, Drakpa, &#26413;&#35997;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/drakpa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Drakpa<\/span> composed a famous and heartfelt praise. He compared <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s appearance to that of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha Shakyamuni; &#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#37323;&#36838;&#22303;&#24052;\/&#22799;&#21152;&#22303;&#24052;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3953;&#3904;&#4017;&#3851;&#3920;&#3956;&#3926;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (shakya thubpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;shAkya thub pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Siddhartha Gautama&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#36523;&#37329;&#33394;&#65292;&#21491;&#25163;&#35320;&#22320;&#21360;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#23450;&#21360;&#65292;&#36523;&#31359;&#27604;&#19992;&#19977;&#34915;&#65292;&#29694;&#26805;&#34892;&#20986;&#23478;&#30456;&#65292;&#20855;&#36275;&#19977;&#21313;&#20108;&#31278;&#22937;&#30456;&#12289;&#20843;&#21313;&#31278;&#38568;&#22909;&#65292;&#37329;&#21083;&#29640;&#36282;&#24231;&#26044;&#34030;&#33457;&#26376;&#36650;&#23542;&#24231;&#19978;&#12290;&#25345;&#35494;&#20315;&#38464;&#20315;&#34399;&#30340;&#21151;&#24503;&#65292;&#33021;&#28040;&#36942;&#21435;&#29983;&#20013;&#65292;&#19968;&#33836;&#21163;&#30340;&#32618;&#26989;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Buddha Shakyamuni is at the center of 35 Confession Buddhas. He is golden in monk robes, sitting in full meditation vajra posture on lotus and moon disc throne with right hand in Bhumisparsa mudra. He has thirty-two major and eighty minor distinguishing physical characteristics. Reciting his name can purify all negative karma accumulated over 10,000 eons.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Shakyamuni, &#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;,  &#37323;&#36838;&#22303;&#24052;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/shakyamuni\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Shakyamuni<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span>, stating that his presence made the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span>&rsquo;s teachings shine even more brightly in the world. In this praise, he humorously questioned whether future <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span>s, like <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Maitreya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#24396;&#21202;&#33769;&#34217;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4017;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(Jampa)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;, &#3926;&#4017;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Jampe Gonpo); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;byams pa mgon po&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Maitreya, Ajita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Maitreya is currently a bodhisattva and will achieve enlightenment and become a future Buddha of this world. Ajita is an alternate name of Maitreya in Amitabha Sutra and&nbsp; Lotus Sutra.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24396;&#21202;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#30340;&#32380;&#20219;&#32773;&#65292;&#23559;&#22312;&#26410;&#20358;&#23057;&#23110;&#19990;&#30028;&#38477;&#29983;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Maitreya,  Ajita,  &#24396;&#21202;&#33769;&#34217;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/maitreya\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Maitreya<\/span>, might feel jealous of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s accomplishments in reviving the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span>.<\/p><p>Additionally, a reincarnation of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Kagyu; &#22134;&#33289;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3926;&#3904;&#3936;&#3851;&#3926;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3956;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bka&amp;#039;-brgyud;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Kagyu ( &amp;quot;Oral Lineage&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Whispered Transmission&amp;quot;) is one of the four main traditions of Tibetan Buddhism. It was brought to Tibet by Marpa Lotsawa around 1050. It has four major and eight minor independent sub-schools including Karma Kagyu, Drikung Kagyu, Taklung Kagyu and Drukpa.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The main teachings of Kagyu include Mahamudra and the Six Yogas of Naropa.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22134;&#33289;&#27966; (&#21475;&#20659;&#27966;&#25110;&#31146;&#20462;&#27966;) &#20439;&#31281;&#30333;&#25945;&#26159;&#35199;&#34255;&#20315;&#25945;&#22235;&#22823;&#25945;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#32004;&#26044; 1050&#24180;&#30001;&#39340;&#29246;&#24052;&#35695;&#24107;&#24341;&#20837;&#35199;&#34255;&#65292;&#20659;&#25215;&#26377;&#22235;&#22823;&#21644;&#20843;&#23567;&#25903;&#27966;&#65292;&#21253;&#25324;&#22134;&#29802;&#22134;&#33289;&#12289;&#31481;&#24052;&#22134;&#33289;&#12289;&#30452;&#36002;&#22134;&#33289;&#31561;&#12290;&#26368;&#26680;&#24515;&#30340;&#20462;&#27861;&#26159;&#12298;&#37027;&#27931;&#20845;&#27861;&#12299;&#21450;&#39023;&#12289;&#23494;&#22823;&#25163;&#21360;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#22134;&#33289;,  Kagyu&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/kagyu\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Kagyu<\/span> tradition&rsquo;s Tai Situ <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rinpoche; &#20161;&#27874;&#20999;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(rinpoche)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rin po che;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Rinpoche means &amp;quot;precious one&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;jewel&amp;quot;. In Tibetan Buddhism, it is a way of showing respect when addressing those recognized as reincarnated, respected, learned and\/or an accomplished Lamas or teachers of the Dharma. It is also used as an honorific for abbots of monasteries. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Rimpoche, Rimpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999; (&#23527;&#27874;&#36554; \/ &#20161;&#27874;&#36554;) &#30340;&#24847;&#35695;&#26159;&#12300;&#29645;&#23542;&#12301;, &#26159;&#23565;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#19978;&#24107;&#30340;&#19968;&#31278;&#23562;&#31281;,&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#21487;&#20197;&#26159;&#34987;&#35469;&#35657;&#30340;&#36681;&#19990;&#32773;&#25110;&#26159;&#26377;&#24456;&#39640;&#20462;&#34892;&#30340;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  Rinpoche&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a2%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%94%e0%bd%bc%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Rinpoche<\/span>, named Langchen, also composed a praise for <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>. He noted that after the passing of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Nagarjuna;&nbsp; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &#3904;&#4019;&#3956;&#3851;&#3942;&#3986;&#4018;&#3956;&#3926; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lu drup); Sanskrit&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: N&#257;g&#257;rjuna;&nbsp; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Chinese&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &#40845;&#27193;&#33769;&#34217;, &#40845;&#29467; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#37027;&#22030;&#21621;&#26417;&#35365;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Nagarjuna (150-250 CE) is the founder of the Madhyamaka school of Mahayana Buddhism, a most important Buddhist philosopher, one of the 84 Indian Vajrayana Mahasiddhas., one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of&nbsp; the Six Ornaments. Some of his major works include:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Mulamadhyamaka-karika (Fundamental Verses of the Middle Way)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Sunyatasaptati (Seventy Verses on Emptiness)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vigrahavyavartani (The End of Disputes)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vaidalyaprakara&#7751;a (Pulverizing the Categories)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vyavaharasiddhi (Proof of Convention)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Yuktisastika (Sixty Verses on Reasoning) ....&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&#40845;&#27193;&#35199;&#20803;&#20108;&#19990;&#32000;&#29983;&#26044;&#21335;&#21360;&#24230;, &#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#35542;&#24107;&#20043;&#19968;, &#20013;&#35264;&#27966;&#21109;&#22987;&#32773;, &#21313;&#19971;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&#20043;&#19968;, &#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20843;&#21313;&#22235;&#22823;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#20043;&#19968;, &#20845;&#33674;&#22196;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;&#12298;&#22823;&#26234;&#24230;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#21313;&#20108;&#38272;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#19971;&#21313;&#31354;&#24615;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#36852;&#35533;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#20845;&#21313;&#38924;&#22914;&#29702;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#26041;&#20415;&#24515;&#35542;&#12299;&#31561;....&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Nagarjuna,  &#40845;&#27193;,  &#40845;&#29467;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/nagarjuna\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Nagarjuna<\/span> and his spiritual son <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Aryadeva; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#25552;&#23110;, &#32854;&#22825;, &#29255;&#30446;&#22825; (&#22030;&#25343;&#21147;&#24052;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3936;&#3925;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3939;&#4023; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Pakpa Lha); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#256;ryadeva&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; &nbsp;&amp;lt;\/header&amp;gt;Aryadeva was a disciple of Nagarjuna. He was one of the 84 Indian Vajrayana Mahasiddhas, one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of&nbsp; the Indian scholars known as Six Ornaments. He made significant contribution to Madhyamaka school of Mahayana Buddhism. His most important works include: Catusataka (400 verses), Caryamelapakapradipa or &amp;quot;Lamp that Integrates the Practices&amp;quot;....&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#25552;&#23110; (&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#35695;&#28858;&#32854;&#22825;)&#26159;&#20844;&#20803;3&#19990;&#32000;&#21360;&#24230;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945; &#20013;&#35264;&#27966;&#40845;&#27193;&#20043;&#24466;, &#37027;&#29211;&#38464;&#21313;&#19971;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&#20043;&#19968;, &#20845;&#33674;&#22196;&#20043;&#19968;, &#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20843;&#21313;&#22235;&#22823;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&nbsp;&#22240;&#20182;&#26377;&#19968;&#30524;&#30555;&#22833;&#26126;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#34987;&#31281;&#28858;&#29255;&#30446;&#22825;....&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3936;&#3925;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3939;&#4023;, &#25552;&#23110;, &#32854;&#22825;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/aryadeva\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Aryadeva<\/span>, the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Middle Way; &#20013;&#35264;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3926;&#3956;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(dbu ma); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dbu ma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Madhyamaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Madhyamaka (middle way) &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;is one of the two major Mahayana philosophical schools, founded by the great Indian master Nagarjuna in the second century. Its central teaching is that all phenomena, both internal and external, are empty of any inherent, independent existence. This emptiness is not a form of nihilism but rather the ultimate nature of reality, which is understood through the correct analysis of dependent arising. The school is further divided into two main branches regarding the method of establishing emptiness. Its profound dialectical reasoning systematically deconstructs all conceptual fabrications, revealing the peace of ultimate reality beyond all extremes.&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Traditional Chinese Explanation:&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#20013;&#35264;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20841;&#22823;&#20027;&#35201;&#23416;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#30001;&#35199;&#20803;&#20108;&#19990;&#32000;&#30340;&#21360;&#24230;&#22823;&#24107;&#40845;&#27193;&#33769;&#34217;&#25152;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290;&#20854;&#26680;&#24515;&#25945;&#32681;&#20027;&#24373;&#19968;&#20999;&#20839;&#22806;&#35576;&#27861;&#30342;&#28961;&#33258;&#24615;&#65292;&#31354;&#24615;&#20006;&#38750;&#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;&#65292;&#32780;&#26159;&#20381;&#22240;&#32227;&#32780;&#29983;&#36215;&#20043;&#35576;&#27861;&#30340;&#31350;&#31455;&#23526;&#30456;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#23565;&#26044;&#32227;&#36215;&#24615;&#31354;&#30340;&#27491;&#30906;&#20998;&#26512;&#65292;&#25581;&#31034;&#20102;&#36229;&#36234;&#19968;&#20999;&#25138;&#35542;&#30340;&#23490;&#38748;&#22659;&#30028;&#12290;&#35442;&#23416;&#27966;&#20839;&#37096;&#20381;&#20854;&#35542;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#26041;&#24335;&#65292;&#20877;&#20998;&#28858;&#20841;&#20491;&#20027;&#35201;&#25903;&#27966;&#12290;&#20013;&#35264;&#23447;&#30340;&#37555;&#21033;&#36783;&#35657;&#37007;&#36655;&#65292;&#31995;&#32113;&#24615;&#22320;&#25286;&#35299;&#19968;&#20999;&#27010;&#24565;&#36896;&#20316;&#65292;&#25104;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#26368;&#39640;&#28145;&#30340;&#27491;&#35211;&#22522;&#30707;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20013;&#35264;,  Middle way,  Madhyamaka&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/middle-way\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Middle Way<\/span> view had become fragmented and difficult to fully interpret. Due to <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s appearance, the profound view of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Nagarjuna;&nbsp; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &#3904;&#4019;&#3956;&#3851;&#3942;&#3986;&#4018;&#3956;&#3926; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lu drup); Sanskrit&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: N&#257;g&#257;rjuna;&nbsp; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Chinese&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &#40845;&#27193;&#33769;&#34217;, &#40845;&#29467; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#37027;&#22030;&#21621;&#26417;&#35365;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Nagarjuna (150-250 CE) is the founder of the Madhyamaka school of Mahayana Buddhism, a most important Buddhist philosopher, one of the 84 Indian Vajrayana Mahasiddhas., one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of&nbsp; the Six Ornaments. Some of his major works include:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Mulamadhyamaka-karika (Fundamental Verses of the Middle Way)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Sunyatasaptati (Seventy Verses on Emptiness)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vigrahavyavartani (The End of Disputes)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vaidalyaprakara&#7751;a (Pulverizing the Categories)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vyavaharasiddhi (Proof of Convention)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Yuktisastika (Sixty Verses on Reasoning) ....&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&#40845;&#27193;&#35199;&#20803;&#20108;&#19990;&#32000;&#29983;&#26044;&#21335;&#21360;&#24230;, &#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#35542;&#24107;&#20043;&#19968;, &#20013;&#35264;&#27966;&#21109;&#22987;&#32773;, &#21313;&#19971;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&#20043;&#19968;, &#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20843;&#21313;&#22235;&#22823;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#20043;&#19968;, &#20845;&#33674;&#22196;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;&#12298;&#22823;&#26234;&#24230;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#21313;&#20108;&#38272;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#19971;&#21313;&#31354;&#24615;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#36852;&#35533;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#20845;&#21313;&#38924;&#22914;&#29702;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#26041;&#20415;&#24515;&#35542;&#12299;&#31561;....&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Nagarjuna,  &#40845;&#27193;,  &#40845;&#29467;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/nagarjuna\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Nagarjuna<\/span> and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Aryadeva; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#25552;&#23110;, &#32854;&#22825;, &#29255;&#30446;&#22825; (&#22030;&#25343;&#21147;&#24052;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3936;&#3925;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3939;&#4023; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Pakpa Lha); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#256;ryadeva&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; &nbsp;&amp;lt;\/header&amp;gt;Aryadeva was a disciple of Nagarjuna. He was one of the 84 Indian Vajrayana Mahasiddhas, one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of&nbsp; the Indian scholars known as Six Ornaments. He made significant contribution to Madhyamaka school of Mahayana Buddhism. His most important works include: Catusataka (400 verses), Caryamelapakapradipa or &amp;quot;Lamp that Integrates the Practices&amp;quot;....&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#25552;&#23110; (&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#35695;&#28858;&#32854;&#22825;)&#26159;&#20844;&#20803;3&#19990;&#32000;&#21360;&#24230;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945; &#20013;&#35264;&#27966;&#40845;&#27193;&#20043;&#24466;, &#37027;&#29211;&#38464;&#21313;&#19971;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&#20043;&#19968;, &#20845;&#33674;&#22196;&#20043;&#19968;, &#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20843;&#21313;&#22235;&#22823;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&nbsp;&#22240;&#20182;&#26377;&#19968;&#30524;&#30555;&#22833;&#26126;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#34987;&#31281;&#28858;&#29255;&#30446;&#22825;....&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3936;&#3925;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3939;&#4023;, &#25552;&#23110;, &#32854;&#22825;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/aryadeva\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Aryadeva<\/span> was restored and thoroughly explained. Thus, he likened <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s wisdom to indestructible flames, reviving the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Middle Way; &#20013;&#35264;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3926;&#3956;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(dbu ma); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dbu ma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Madhyamaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Madhyamaka (middle way) &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;is one of the two major Mahayana philosophical schools, founded by the great Indian master Nagarjuna in the second century. Its central teaching is that all phenomena, both internal and external, are empty of any inherent, independent existence. This emptiness is not a form of nihilism but rather the ultimate nature of reality, which is understood through the correct analysis of dependent arising. The school is further divided into two main branches regarding the method of establishing emptiness. Its profound dialectical reasoning systematically deconstructs all conceptual fabrications, revealing the peace of ultimate reality beyond all extremes.&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Traditional Chinese Explanation:&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#20013;&#35264;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20841;&#22823;&#20027;&#35201;&#23416;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#30001;&#35199;&#20803;&#20108;&#19990;&#32000;&#30340;&#21360;&#24230;&#22823;&#24107;&#40845;&#27193;&#33769;&#34217;&#25152;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290;&#20854;&#26680;&#24515;&#25945;&#32681;&#20027;&#24373;&#19968;&#20999;&#20839;&#22806;&#35576;&#27861;&#30342;&#28961;&#33258;&#24615;&#65292;&#31354;&#24615;&#20006;&#38750;&#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;&#65292;&#32780;&#26159;&#20381;&#22240;&#32227;&#32780;&#29983;&#36215;&#20043;&#35576;&#27861;&#30340;&#31350;&#31455;&#23526;&#30456;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#23565;&#26044;&#32227;&#36215;&#24615;&#31354;&#30340;&#27491;&#30906;&#20998;&#26512;&#65292;&#25581;&#31034;&#20102;&#36229;&#36234;&#19968;&#20999;&#25138;&#35542;&#30340;&#23490;&#38748;&#22659;&#30028;&#12290;&#35442;&#23416;&#27966;&#20839;&#37096;&#20381;&#20854;&#35542;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#26041;&#24335;&#65292;&#20877;&#20998;&#28858;&#20841;&#20491;&#20027;&#35201;&#25903;&#27966;&#12290;&#20013;&#35264;&#23447;&#30340;&#37555;&#21033;&#36783;&#35657;&#37007;&#36655;&#65292;&#31995;&#32113;&#24615;&#22320;&#25286;&#35299;&#19968;&#20999;&#27010;&#24565;&#36896;&#20316;&#65292;&#25104;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#26368;&#39640;&#28145;&#30340;&#27491;&#35211;&#22522;&#30707;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20013;&#35264;,  Middle way,  Madhyamaka&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/middle-way\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Middle Way<\/span> school. This praise was composed during <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s lifetime.<\/p><p>In more recent times, the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Nyingma; &#23527;&#29802;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3993;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rnying ma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Nyingma is the oldest of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism. It was founded in the eighth century. King Trisong Detsen invited Padmasambhava to introduce Buddhism to Tibet.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23527;&#29802;&#27966;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#27511;&#21490;&#26368;&#20037;&#20043;&#27966;&#65292;&#25104;&#26044;&#20844;&#20803;11&#19990;&#32000;&#12290;&#23562;&#22857;&#34030;&#33457;&#29983;&#22823;&#22763;&#28858;&#22987;&#31062;&#65292;&#20659;&#25215;&#26368;&#39640;&#20462;&#27861;&#28858;&#12300;&#22823;&#22291;&#28415;&#27861;&#12301;&#12290;&#30001;&#26044;&#20711;&#20154;&#25110;&#19978;&#24107;&#22343;&#25140;&#32005;&#33394;&#27861;&#24125;&#65292;&#25925;&#20439;&#31281;&#28858;&#12300;&#32005;&#24125;&#27966;&#12301;&#25110;&#12300;&#32005;&#25945;&#12301;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Nyingma,  &#23527;&#29802;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/nyingma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Nyingma<\/span> master <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Mipham, Invincible; &#28961;&#25973;, &#24396;&#21202;&#20315; (&#31859;&#40848;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3954;&#3851;&#3925;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (mipham); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mi pham&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;Mipham is a common Tibetan name. Mipham is epithet of Maitreya, Ajita.&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#31859;&#40848;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Mipham,  &#31859;&#40848;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/mipham\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Mipham<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rinpoche; &#20161;&#27874;&#20999;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(rinpoche)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rin po che;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Rinpoche means &amp;quot;precious one&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;jewel&amp;quot;. In Tibetan Buddhism, it is a way of showing respect when addressing those recognized as reincarnated, respected, learned and\/or an accomplished Lamas or teachers of the Dharma. It is also used as an honorific for abbots of monasteries. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Rimpoche, Rimpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999; (&#23527;&#27874;&#36554; \/ &#20161;&#27874;&#36554;) &#30340;&#24847;&#35695;&#26159;&#12300;&#29645;&#23542;&#12301;, &#26159;&#23565;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#19978;&#24107;&#30340;&#19968;&#31278;&#23562;&#31281;,&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#21487;&#20197;&#26159;&#34987;&#35469;&#35657;&#30340;&#36681;&#19990;&#32773;&#25110;&#26159;&#26377;&#24456;&#39640;&#20462;&#34892;&#30340;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  Rinpoche&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a2%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%94%e0%bd%bc%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Rinpoche<\/span> initially criticized some of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s teachings. However, after thoroughly understanding <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s doctrine, he developed firm conviction in the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Gelugpa; &#26684;&#39791;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3921;&#3906;&#3962;&#3851;&#3939;&#3956;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Gelugpa)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dge lugs pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Gelug is the newest of the schools of Tibetan Buddhism. It was founded by Je Tsongkhapa (1357&ndash;1419), Gelug emerged as the pre-eminent Buddhist school in Tibet and Mongolia since the end of the 16th century. It developed a reputation for strict adherence to monastic discipline and scholarship as well as tantric practice.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#65292;&#20134;&#31281;&#40643;&#25945;&#65292;&#28858;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#22235;&#22823;&#27966;&#20013;&#26368;&#26202;&#20986;&#29694;&#65292;&#30001;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#26044;&#21313;&#22235;&#19990;&#32000;&#25152;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290; &#20197;&#38463;&#24213;&#23805;&#23562;&#32773;&#25152;&#21109;&#30340;&#22134;&#30070;&#27966;&#25945;&#32681;&#28858;&#20027;&#65292;&#34701;&#21512;&#21508;&#23447;&#21508;&#27966;&#30340;&#31934;&#33775;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#22196;&#20513;&#23432;&#20315;&#25945;&#25106;&#24459;&#65292;&#32780;&#24471;&#21517;&#21892;&#35215;&#27966;&#65292;&#21448;&#34987;&#31281;&#28858;&#26684;&#24459;&#27966;&#12290;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#37325;&#35222;&#20711;&#20154;&#23416;&#32147;&#12289;&#36783;&#32147;&#65104;&#26377;&#31995;&#32113;&#30340;&#23416;&#32147;&#21046;&#24230;&#65292;&#20808;&#39023;&#24460;&#23494;&#12290;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#23416;&#20462;&#20006;&#37325;&#30340;&#23416;&#39080;&#20351;&#20854;&#25104;&#28858;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#24433;&#38911;&#21147;&#26368;&#22823;&#30340;&#27966;&#21029;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#26684;&#39791;,  &#40643;&#25945;,  Gelug&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/gelugpa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Gelug<\/span> tradition and offered extensive praise for <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s lineage and teachings. In his praise, he likened &ldquo;exposition&rdquo; to a lotus flower, stating that when <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s lotus of excellent explanations blossomed, his own expository lotus paled in comparison. He remarked that in northern India and regions like Tibet, very few people truly understood the words of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span>&rsquo;s <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Scriptures, Book&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#32147;&#20989; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#38647;&#37030;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3906;&#4019;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (lek bam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;glegs bam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#32147;&#25991;,  Scriptures&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/scriptures-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">scriptures<\/span> or their deeper meanings, and even fewer practiced them sincerely. <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>, however, fully comprehended the words, meanings, and engaged in thorough practice. <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Mipham, Invincible; &#28961;&#25973;, &#24396;&#21202;&#20315; (&#31859;&#40848;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3954;&#3851;&#3925;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (mipham); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mi pham&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;Mipham is a common Tibetan name. Mipham is epithet of Maitreya, Ajita.&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#31859;&#40848;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Mipham,  &#31859;&#40848;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/mipham\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Mipham<\/span> praised <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> across these levels: words, meaning, and practice.<\/p><p>In summary, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> was an immensely renowned scholar in Tibet during his time. In addition to seeking guidance from various lineage masters, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> himself had many teachers, such as Ren<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Moon, Month, Dawa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26376;&#20142;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#36948;&#29926;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3935;&#4019;&#3851;&#3926;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Dawa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;zla ba&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dawa is a common Tibetan name meaning moon and people borned on Monday.\n&#36948;&#29926; \/ &#36948;&#21703;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#65292;&#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#26376;&#20142; \/ &#26143;&#26399;&#19968;&#20986;&#29983;&#30340;&#20154;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Dawa,  &#36948;&#29926;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/moon-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">dawa<\/span>, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Parvati, Uma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#38634;&#23665;&#31070;&#22899;, &#28879;&#25705;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24085;&#29246;&#29926;&#33922;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;..&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; ();&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Parvati, Uma, Gauri&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Parvati, Uma, or Gauri is the Hindu goddess of fertility, love, beauty, bravery, harmony, marriage, children, and devotion; as well as of divine strength and power. Known by many other names, she is the gentle and nurturing form of the Supreme Hindu goddess Mahadevi and one of the central deities of the Goddess-oriented Shakti sect called Shaktism. She is the Mother goddess in Hinduism, and has many attributes and aspects. Along with Lakshmi and Saraswati, she forms the Tridevi of Hindu goddesses.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Parvati is the wife of the Hindu god Shiva, who according to Shaivism is the protector, the destroyer, and regenerator of the universe and all life.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#38634;&#23665;&#31070;&#22899;&#21448;&#31281;&#28858;&#28879;&#25705;&#22825;&#22915;&#25110;&#22823;&#33258;&#22312;&#22825;&#22915;&#65292;&#21360;&#24230;&#25945;&#22899;&#31070;&#65292;&#24646;&#27827;&#22899;&#31070;&#30340;&#22992;&#22992;&#12290;&#20027;&#31070;&#28629;&#23110;&#30340;&#22971;&#23376;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#38634;&#23665;&#31070;&#22899;,  Uma,  Gauri&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/parvati\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Uma<\/span>pa, and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Namkha, Space, Sky, Heaven; &#22825;&#31354;&#12289;&#22825;&#22530;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21335;&#21888;\/&#21335;&#21345;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3923;&#3928;&#3851;&#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (namkha); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;nam mkha&amp;#039;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;Namkha is a common Tibetan name.&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#21335;&#21888;\/&#21335;&#21345;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Namkha,  &#21335;&#21888;,  &#21335;&#21345;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%93%e0%bd%98%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%98%e0%bd%81%e0%bd%a0\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Namkha<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Gyaltsen, Victory Banner&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#24162;\/&#23542;&#24162; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#27743;&#21443; \/ &#22533;&#21443;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3939;&#3851;&#3928;&#3930;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (gyaltsen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rgyal mtshan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhvaja&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Gyaltsen, Dhvaja (Victory Banner), one of eight auspicious signs, represents victory of knowledge over ignorance, overcoming hindrances on the path of realization. Gyaltsen is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Gyeltshen, Gyaltshen, Gyeltsen, Gyaltsan&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#30333;&#33995;, &#27861;&#24162;, &#23542;&#24162;&#26159;&#20843;&#21513;&#31077;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#35937;&#24501;&#20315;&#27861;&#22533;&#22266;&#19981;&#34928;&#12289;&#33021;&#21213;&#22806;&#36947;&#20043;&#24847;&#12290;&#27743;&#21443; \/ &#22533;&#21443; \/ &#20625;&#21443; \/ &#22533;&#36106; \/ &#22025;&#26705; &#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Dhvaja, &#30333;&#33995;, &#27861;&#24162;, &#23542;&#24162;, Victory Banner, Gyaltsen, Gyeltshen, Gyaltsan,  &#27743;&#21443;,  &#22533;&#36106;,  &#22533;&#21443;,  &#20625;&#21443;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/gyaltsen\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Gyaltsen<\/span> from the south. Initially his teachers, they later became his disciples, creating unique karmic connections between teacher and student. They composed numerous praises for <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>.<\/p><p>These praises highlighted three aspects: his wisdom, his conduct, and his skillful exposition. <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> revived and propagated the pure and stainless views of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Nagarjuna;&nbsp; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &#3904;&#4019;&#3956;&#3851;&#3942;&#3986;&#4018;&#3956;&#3926; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lu drup); Sanskrit&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: N&#257;g&#257;rjuna;&nbsp; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Chinese&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &#40845;&#27193;&#33769;&#34217;, &#40845;&#29467; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#37027;&#22030;&#21621;&#26417;&#35365;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Nagarjuna (150-250 CE) is the founder of the Madhyamaka school of Mahayana Buddhism, a most important Buddhist philosopher, one of the 84 Indian Vajrayana Mahasiddhas., one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of&nbsp; the Six Ornaments. Some of his major works include:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Mulamadhyamaka-karika (Fundamental Verses of the Middle Way)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Sunyatasaptati (Seventy Verses on Emptiness)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vigrahavyavartani (The End of Disputes)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vaidalyaprakara&#7751;a (Pulverizing the Categories)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vyavaharasiddhi (Proof of Convention)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Yuktisastika (Sixty Verses on Reasoning) ....&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&#40845;&#27193;&#35199;&#20803;&#20108;&#19990;&#32000;&#29983;&#26044;&#21335;&#21360;&#24230;, &#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#35542;&#24107;&#20043;&#19968;, &#20013;&#35264;&#27966;&#21109;&#22987;&#32773;, &#21313;&#19971;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&#20043;&#19968;, &#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20843;&#21313;&#22235;&#22823;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#20043;&#19968;, &#20845;&#33674;&#22196;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;&#12298;&#22823;&#26234;&#24230;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#21313;&#20108;&#38272;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#19971;&#21313;&#31354;&#24615;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#36852;&#35533;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#20845;&#21313;&#38924;&#22914;&#29702;&#35542;&#12299;&#12289;&#12298;&#26041;&#20415;&#24515;&#35542;&#12299;&#31561;....&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Nagarjuna,  &#40845;&#27193;,  &#40845;&#29467;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/nagarjuna\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Nagarjuna<\/span> and his spiritual son, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Aryadeva; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#25552;&#23110;, &#32854;&#22825;, &#29255;&#30446;&#22825; (&#22030;&#25343;&#21147;&#24052;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3936;&#3925;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3939;&#4023; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Pakpa Lha); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#256;ryadeva&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; &nbsp;&amp;lt;\/header&amp;gt;Aryadeva was a disciple of Nagarjuna. He was one of the 84 Indian Vajrayana Mahasiddhas, one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of&nbsp; the Indian scholars known as Six Ornaments. He made significant contribution to Madhyamaka school of Mahayana Buddhism. His most important works include: Catusataka (400 verses), Caryamelapakapradipa or &amp;quot;Lamp that Integrates the Practices&amp;quot;....&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#25552;&#23110; (&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#35695;&#28858;&#32854;&#22825;)&#26159;&#20844;&#20803;3&#19990;&#32000;&#21360;&#24230;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945; &#20013;&#35264;&#27966;&#40845;&#27193;&#20043;&#24466;, &#37027;&#29211;&#38464;&#21313;&#19971;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&#20043;&#19968;, &#20845;&#33674;&#22196;&#20043;&#19968;, &#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20843;&#21313;&#22235;&#22823;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&nbsp;&#22240;&#20182;&#26377;&#19968;&#30524;&#30555;&#22833;&#26126;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#34987;&#31281;&#28858;&#29255;&#30446;&#22825;....&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3936;&#3925;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3939;&#4023;, &#25552;&#23110;, &#32854;&#22825;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/aryadeva\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Aryadeva<\/span>, within the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Middle Way; &#20013;&#35264;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3926;&#3956;&#3851;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(dbu ma); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dbu ma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Madhyamaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Madhyamaka (middle way) &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;is one of the two major Mahayana philosophical schools, founded by the great Indian master Nagarjuna in the second century. Its central teaching is that all phenomena, both internal and external, are empty of any inherent, independent existence. This emptiness is not a form of nihilism but rather the ultimate nature of reality, which is understood through the correct analysis of dependent arising. The school is further divided into two main branches regarding the method of establishing emptiness. Its profound dialectical reasoning systematically deconstructs all conceptual fabrications, revealing the peace of ultimate reality beyond all extremes.&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Traditional Chinese Explanation:&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#20013;&#35264;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20841;&#22823;&#20027;&#35201;&#23416;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#30001;&#35199;&#20803;&#20108;&#19990;&#32000;&#30340;&#21360;&#24230;&#22823;&#24107;&#40845;&#27193;&#33769;&#34217;&#25152;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290;&#20854;&#26680;&#24515;&#25945;&#32681;&#20027;&#24373;&#19968;&#20999;&#20839;&#22806;&#35576;&#27861;&#30342;&#28961;&#33258;&#24615;&#65292;&#31354;&#24615;&#20006;&#38750;&#34395;&#28961;&#20027;&#32681;&#65292;&#32780;&#26159;&#20381;&#22240;&#32227;&#32780;&#29983;&#36215;&#20043;&#35576;&#27861;&#30340;&#31350;&#31455;&#23526;&#30456;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#23565;&#26044;&#32227;&#36215;&#24615;&#31354;&#30340;&#27491;&#30906;&#20998;&#26512;&#65292;&#25581;&#31034;&#20102;&#36229;&#36234;&#19968;&#20999;&#25138;&#35542;&#30340;&#23490;&#38748;&#22659;&#30028;&#12290;&#35442;&#23416;&#27966;&#20839;&#37096;&#20381;&#20854;&#35542;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#26041;&#24335;&#65292;&#20877;&#20998;&#28858;&#20841;&#20491;&#20027;&#35201;&#25903;&#27966;&#12290;&#20013;&#35264;&#23447;&#30340;&#37555;&#21033;&#36783;&#35657;&#37007;&#36655;&#65292;&#31995;&#32113;&#24615;&#22320;&#25286;&#35299;&#19968;&#20999;&#27010;&#24565;&#36896;&#20316;&#65292;&#25104;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#26368;&#39640;&#28145;&#30340;&#27491;&#35211;&#22522;&#30707;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20013;&#35264;,  Middle way,  Madhyamaka&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/middle-way\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Middle Way<\/span> school. This verse primarily narrates <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s life story.<\/p><h4><strong>6.<br><\/strong><strong>In your certainty that all teachings, provisional and definitive,<\/strong><br><strong>Are practical instructions applicable to the individual,<\/strong><br><strong>You eliminated all forms of unwholesome conduct&mdash;<\/strong><br><strong>May the victorious Lobzang Drakpa&rsquo;s teachings flourish and spread!<\/strong><\/h4><p>The sixth verse primarily praises <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s teachings by highlighting the fourfold excellence described in the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;The Great Exposition of the Stages of the Path&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Lamrim Chenmo); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam rim chen mo&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Great Exposition of the Stages of the Path \/ &nbsp;Great Treatise on the Stages of the&nbsp;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;704c8cd0ee6abfdac4b1b237a9d1457e&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;attribute&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;data-cmtooltip&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;format&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;html&amp;quot;}]&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Path&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;to&nbsp;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;a89c3a9b66c7a634f96709737b33e638&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;attribute&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;data-cmtooltip&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;format&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;html&amp;quot;}]&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Enlighten&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;ment, Lamrim Chenmo, written in 1402 by Je Tsongkhapa, based on Atisha&amp;#039;s Lamp for the Path to Enlightment, is a most important text on Tibetan Mahayana Buddhism for Gelugpa practitioners.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;, &#31777;&#31281;&#24291;&#35542;, &#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#20043;&#33879;&#20316;, &#20197;&#38463;&#24213;&#23805;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#29128;&#35542;&#12299;&#28858;&#26694;&#26550;&#20043;&#39023;&#25945;&#32147;&#35542;&#24040;&#33879;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;,  &#24291;&#35542;,  Lamrim Chenmo,  Great Exposition of the Stages of the Path,   Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a3%e0%bd%98%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%a2%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%98%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%98%e0%bd%bc\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path<\/span> to <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Enlightenment, Liberation, Tharpa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35299;&#33067;, &#35258;&#24735; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#20182;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3938;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (thar pa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;thar pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Moksa, Moksha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Liberation, Moksa, means freedom from samsara, by attaining the state of an arhat or the state of perfect enlightenment of a buddha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24478;&#36650;&#36852;&#20013;&#35299;&#33067;&#26159;&#36948;&#21040;&#32645;&#28450;&#25110;&#20315;&#30340;&#22291;&#28415;&#35258;&#24735;&#22659;&#30028;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35299;&#33067;,  Moksa,  Enlightenment,  Liberation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/enlightenment\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Enlightenment<\/span> (<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;The Great Exposition of the Stages of the Path&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Lamrim Chenmo); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam rim chen mo&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Great Exposition of the Stages of the Path \/ &nbsp;Great Treatise on the Stages of the&nbsp;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;704c8cd0ee6abfdac4b1b237a9d1457e&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;attribute&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;data-cmtooltip&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;format&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;html&amp;quot;}]&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Path&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;to&nbsp;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;a89c3a9b66c7a634f96709737b33e638&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;attribute&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;data-cmtooltip&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;format&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;html&amp;quot;}]&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Enlighten&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;ment, Lamrim Chenmo, written in 1402 by Je Tsongkhapa, based on Atisha&amp;#039;s Lamp for the Path to Enlightment, is a most important text on Tibetan Mahayana Buddhism for Gelugpa practitioners.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;, &#31777;&#31281;&#24291;&#35542;, &#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#20043;&#33879;&#20316;, &#20197;&#38463;&#24213;&#23805;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#29128;&#35542;&#12299;&#28858;&#26694;&#26550;&#20043;&#39023;&#25945;&#32147;&#35542;&#24040;&#33879;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;,  &#24291;&#35542;,  Lamrim Chenmo,  Great Exposition of the Stages of the Path,   Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a3%e0%bd%98%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%a2%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%98%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%98%e0%bd%bc\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Lamrim Chenmo<\/span>).<\/p><p>The first point explains that Buddhist <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Scriptures, Book&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#32147;&#20989; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#38647;&#37030;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3906;&#4019;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (lek bam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;glegs bam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#32147;&#25991;,  Scriptures&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/scriptures-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">scriptures<\/span> can be categorized into definitive (nitartha) and inter<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Hungry Ghosts&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39187;&#39740;&#36947;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3937;&#3954;&#3851;&#3921;&#4013;&#3906;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(yi dak); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yi dwags&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Preta&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Hungry ghosts (preta) is one of the six classes of beings in Buddhist cosmology. These beings are reborn in the Preta realm because of miserliness, corrupted, greedy karma in their past lives. In the Preta realm, they are in constant extreme hunger and thirst.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#39187;&#39740;&#36947;&#26159;&#20845;&#36947;&#20013;&#19979;&#19977;&#36947;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#22240;&#28858;&#36942;&#21435;&#19990;&#36010;&#23146;&#30340;&#26989;&#26524;&#32780;&#25237;&#29983;&#33267;&#27492;&#65292;&#24646;&#20037;&#34389;&#26044;&#29467;&#28872;&#39138;&#39187;&#33287;&#20094;&#28212;&#29376;&#24907;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Preta,  &#39187;&#39740;,  Hungry Ghost&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/preta\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">preta<\/span>ble (<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Provisional Teaching, Interpretable meaning&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19981;&#20102;&#32681;&#25945;&#27861;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#4018;&#3908;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (drangdoen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;drang don&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Neyartha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The teachings of the Buddha which have been simplified or modified to the capabilities of the audience. This contrasts with the definitive meaning&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19981;&#20102;&#32681;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#25945;&#27861;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#31777;&#21270;&#25110;&#20462;&#39166;&#36942;&#30340;&#20315;&#38464;&#25945;&#27861;&#65292;&#36889;&#26159;&#28858;&#20102;&#38918;&#25033;&#32893;&#27861;&#32773;&#26681;&#22120;&#65292;&#20196;&#20315;&#27861;&#27604;&#36611;&#23481;&#26131;&#29702;&#35299;&#12290;&#33287;&#27492;&#30456;&#21453;&#30340;&#26159;&#20102;&#32681;&#25945;&#27861;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#19981;&#20102;&#32681;,  Provisional Teaching,  Neyartha&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/provisional-teaching\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">neyartha<\/span>) meanings. If one fails to properly understand this distinction, it may seem as though there are many contradictions within the teachings. However, if we consider that <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha Shakyamuni; &#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#37323;&#36838;&#22303;&#24052;\/&#22799;&#21152;&#22303;&#24052;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3953;&#3904;&#4017;&#3851;&#3920;&#3956;&#3926;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (shakya thubpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;shAkya thub pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Siddhartha Gautama&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#36523;&#37329;&#33394;&#65292;&#21491;&#25163;&#35320;&#22320;&#21360;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#23450;&#21360;&#65292;&#36523;&#31359;&#27604;&#19992;&#19977;&#34915;&#65292;&#29694;&#26805;&#34892;&#20986;&#23478;&#30456;&#65292;&#20855;&#36275;&#19977;&#21313;&#20108;&#31278;&#22937;&#30456;&#12289;&#20843;&#21313;&#31278;&#38568;&#22909;&#65292;&#37329;&#21083;&#29640;&#36282;&#24231;&#26044;&#34030;&#33457;&#26376;&#36650;&#23542;&#24231;&#19978;&#12290;&#25345;&#35494;&#20315;&#38464;&#20315;&#34399;&#30340;&#21151;&#24503;&#65292;&#33021;&#28040;&#36942;&#21435;&#29983;&#20013;&#65292;&#19968;&#33836;&#21163;&#30340;&#32618;&#26989;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Buddha Shakyamuni is at the center of 35 Confession Buddhas. He is golden in monk robes, sitting in full meditation vajra posture on lotus and moon disc throne with right hand in Bhumisparsa mudra. He has thirty-two major and eighty minor distinguishing physical characteristics. Reciting his name can purify all negative karma accumulated over 10,000 eons.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Shakyamuni, &#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;,  &#37323;&#36838;&#22303;&#24052;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/shakyamuni\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Shakyamuni<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> taught according to the capacities of different disciples, tailoring his teachings to suit their needs, then we realize that both definitive and inter<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Hungry Ghosts&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39187;&#39740;&#36947;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3937;&#3954;&#3851;&#3921;&#4013;&#3906;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(yi dak); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yi dwags&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Preta&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Hungry ghosts (preta) is one of the six classes of beings in Buddhist cosmology. These beings are reborn in the Preta realm because of miserliness, corrupted, greedy karma in their past lives. In the Preta realm, they are in constant extreme hunger and thirst.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#39187;&#39740;&#36947;&#26159;&#20845;&#36947;&#20013;&#19979;&#19977;&#36947;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#22240;&#28858;&#36942;&#21435;&#19990;&#36010;&#23146;&#30340;&#26989;&#26524;&#32780;&#25237;&#29983;&#33267;&#27492;&#65292;&#24646;&#20037;&#34389;&#26044;&#29467;&#28872;&#39138;&#39187;&#33287;&#20094;&#28212;&#29376;&#24907;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Preta,  &#39187;&#39740;,  Hungry Ghost&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/preta\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">preta<\/span>ble teachings are meant for <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sentient Beings, Semchen;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#26377;&#24773;&#30526;&#29983; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26862;&#38291;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3909;&#3923;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(sem chen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sems can&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In Buddhism, Sentient Beings are beings with consciousness and life within the three realms of samsara. Plants are not sentient as they do not have mind.&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Sentient Beings,  &#26862;&#38291;,  Semchen&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/semchen\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">sentient beings<\/span>. From this perspective, all Buddhist teachings&mdash;whether definitive or inter<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Hungry Ghosts&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39187;&#39740;&#36947;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3937;&#3954;&#3851;&#3921;&#4013;&#3906;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(yi dak); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yi dwags&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Preta&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Hungry ghosts (preta) is one of the six classes of beings in Buddhist cosmology. These beings are reborn in the Preta realm because of miserliness, corrupted, greedy karma in their past lives. In the Preta realm, they are in constant extreme hunger and thirst.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#39187;&#39740;&#36947;&#26159;&#20845;&#36947;&#20013;&#19979;&#19977;&#36947;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#22240;&#28858;&#36942;&#21435;&#19990;&#36010;&#23146;&#30340;&#26989;&#26524;&#32780;&#25237;&#29983;&#33267;&#27492;&#65292;&#24646;&#20037;&#34389;&#26044;&#29467;&#28872;&#39138;&#39187;&#33287;&#20094;&#28212;&#29376;&#24907;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Preta,  &#39187;&#39740;,  Hungry Ghost&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/preta\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">preta<\/span>ble&mdash;are free from conflict.<\/p><p>This highlights the excellence of the non-contradictory nature of all <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span> teachings. Similarly, some may mistakenly believe that practitioners of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sutrayana, Exoteric Buddhism&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39023;&#25945;, &#39023;&#23447;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22810;&#29305;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3921;&#3964;&#3851;&#3920;&#3964;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(do teg pa);&nbsp; Wylie: mdo theg pa; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;S&#363;tray&#257;na&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sutrayana is the vehicle of the Sutras, a Mahayana Buddhism tradition that encompasses the exoteric teachings found in the sutras, in contrast with Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#39023;&#25945;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#30340;&#19968;&#20491;&#37325;&#35201;&#20659;&#25215;&#65292;&#20027;&#35201;&#20381;&#25818;&#32147;&#20856;&#38263;&#26399;&#20462;&#34892; (&#23565;&#27604;&#23494;&#20056;)&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#39023;&#25945;,  &#39023;&#23447;,  Sutrayana,  Exoteric&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sutrayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sutrayana<\/span> need not practice the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Diamond, Thunderbolt, Vajra, Dorje&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;, &#38013;&#30707;. &#38713;&#38722;, &#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#22810;&#20625;\/&#22810;&#21513;\/&#22810;&#30342;\/&#29677;&#26413;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4001;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Dorje)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(Benza); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rdo rje, badz+ra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vajra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje (Sanskrit: Vajra) means indestructible like diamond. It is one of the most important hand implement in Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje is also a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Dorj&eacute;, Dorjee, Dorji, Dordje, Dordsche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;&#22914;&#38013;&#30707;&#22533;&#19981;&#21487;&#25703;&#12290;&#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&#26159;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20027;&#35201;&#30340;&#25163;&#25345;&#27861;&#22120;&#12290;&#22810;&#20625;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Vajra, &#37329;&#21083;, Dorje, &#22810;&#20625;, Benza,  &#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vajra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vajra<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yana, Vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20056; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24086;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (thekpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Yana, vehicle, path, refers to different types and levels of Buddhist teaching including Hinayana, Mahayana, Vajrayana etc.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20056;&#26159;&#25351;&#19981;&#21516;&#30340;&#20315;&#25945;&#25945;&#23566;: &#23567;&#20056;&#12289;&#22823;&#20056;&#12289;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#12289;&#32882;&#32862;&#20056;&#12289;&#32227;&#35258;&#20056;&#12289;&#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&#31561;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Yana,  &#20056;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">yana<\/span>, or vice versa, viewing the two as conflicting like fire and water. Such misconceptions can lead to the grave fault of rejecting the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span>. This section addresses the excellence of resolving such misunderstandings.<\/p><p>Furthermore, it is explained that every teaching, regardless of its specific method, ultimately aims to guide a practitioner toward complete <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span>hood. Therefore, every <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sutra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#32147;&#34255;, &#22865;&#32147;, &#20462;&#22810;&#32645;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3921;&#3964;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3942;&#4001;&#3962; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(do de); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mdo&amp;#039;i sde&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sutra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sutra means thread in Sanskrit. In Buddhism, the Sutra Pitaka (Sutta Pitaja), one of the Tripitaka, contains over 10,000 canonical teachings of Lord Buddha separated into&nbsp;5 collections (nikayas):\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#38263;&#37096; Digha Nikaya: long discourses&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#20013;&#37096; Majjhima Nikaya: medium length discourses&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#30456;&#25033;&#37096; Samyutta Nikaya: connected discourses&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#22686;&#25903;&#37096; Anguttara Nikaya: numerical discourses&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#23567;&#37096; Khuddaka Nikaya: minor collection&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nThere are three types of Sutras:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;as spoken directly by Lord Buddha&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spoken by Bodhisattvas with inspiration and blessing of the Buddha&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;as compiled by disciples of Lord Buddha from his teachings&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Sutra,  &#32147;&#34255;,  &#22865;&#32147;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sutra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">sutra<\/span> and every phrase of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span> serves as an instruction for attaining <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Enlightenment, Liberation, Tharpa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35299;&#33067;, &#35258;&#24735; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#20182;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3938;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (thar pa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;thar pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Moksa, Moksha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Liberation, Moksa, means freedom from samsara, by attaining the state of an arhat or the state of perfect enlightenment of a buddha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24478;&#36650;&#36852;&#20013;&#35299;&#33067;&#26159;&#36948;&#21040;&#32645;&#28450;&#25110;&#20315;&#30340;&#22291;&#28415;&#35258;&#24735;&#22659;&#30028;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35299;&#33067;,  Moksa,  Enlightenment,  Liberation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/enlightenment\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">enlightenment<\/span>. Practitioners should develop firm conviction in these instructions. Finally, this teaching helps practitioners avoid the faults of rejecting any aspect of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span>, aspiring instead to encounter the teachings of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>.<\/p><p>Thus, this section primarily discusses the fourfold excellence outlined in the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;The Great Exposition of the Stages of the Path&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Lamrim Chenmo); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam rim chen mo&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Great Exposition of the Stages of the Path \/ &nbsp;Great Treatise on the Stages of the&nbsp;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;704c8cd0ee6abfdac4b1b237a9d1457e&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;attribute&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;data-cmtooltip&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;format&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;html&amp;quot;}]&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Path&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;to&nbsp;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;a89c3a9b66c7a634f96709737b33e638&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;attribute&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;data-cmtooltip&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;format&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;html&amp;quot;}]&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Enlighten&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;ment, Lamrim Chenmo, written in 1402 by Je Tsongkhapa, based on Atisha&amp;#039;s Lamp for the Path to Enlightment, is a most important text on Tibetan Mahayana Buddhism for Gelugpa practitioners.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;, &#31777;&#31281;&#24291;&#35542;, &#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#20043;&#33879;&#20316;, &#20197;&#38463;&#24213;&#23805;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#29128;&#35542;&#12299;&#28858;&#26694;&#26550;&#20043;&#39023;&#25945;&#32147;&#35542;&#24040;&#33879;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;,  &#24291;&#35542;,  Lamrim Chenmo,  Great Exposition of the Stages of the Path,   Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a3%e0%bd%98%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%a2%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%98%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%98%e0%bd%bc\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path<\/span> , or the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Stages of the path, Lamrim&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532; (&#26391;&#26519;)&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(lamrim); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam rim&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lamrim (stages of the path) is a Tibetan Buddhist teaching for the stages in the complete path to enlightenment as taught by Buddha. Atisa wrote the first root text, &amp;quot;A Lamp for the Path to Enlightenment&amp;quot;. Many Tibetan masters wrote many versions including Tsongkhapa&amp;#039;s masterpiece &amp;quot;Lamrim Chenmo&amp;quot; (The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path of Enlightenment).&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#65292;&#26681;&#25818;&#19981;&#21516;&#20154;&#36039;&#36074;&#26681;&#22120;&#19981;&#21516;&#65292;&#23559;&#20462;&#23416;&#21123;&#20998;&#28858;&#25976;&#20491;&#19981;&#21516;&#38542;&#27573;&#30340;&#36947;&#36335;&#25152;&#23531;&#25104;&#30340;&#20462;&#27861;&#26360;&#31821;&#12290;&#26368;&#26089;&#20986;&#29694;&#30340;&#33879;&#20316;&#26159;&#38463;&#24213;&#23805;&#30340;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#29128;&#35542;&#12299;&#65292;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#33879;&#26377;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;zh-CN&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; data-number-of-phrases=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#20197;&#19979;&#28858;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#32147;&#26360; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;The following is a list of the most important Lamrim texts : ....&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;,  Stages of the path,  Lamrim&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lamrim\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">stages of the path<\/span> tradition. It also praises the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Oral Transmission; &#21475;&#20659;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#40845;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3956;&#3908;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (lung); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lung&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Oral Transmission is a ceremony in which a guru reads aloud, to disciples, a Buddhist text that the guru has previously received from his\/her own guru.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#21475;&#20659;&#26159;&#19978;&#24107;&#21521;&#24351;&#23376;&#26391;&#35712;&#19978;&#24107;&#20808;&#21069;&#24478;&#33258;&#24049;&#19978;&#24107;&#37027;&#35041;&#25910;&#21040;&#30340;&#20315;&#32147;&#21475;&#20659;&#30340;&#20736;&#24335;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#21475;&#20659;,  Oral Transmission&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/oral-transmissio\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">oral transmission<\/span> lineage of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ganden Monastery&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#29976;&#20025;&#23546; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22134;&#20025;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3906;&#3936;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; (ganden); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dga&amp;#039; ldan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden\/Gaden is one of the three great Gelug university monasteries of Tibetan Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden was founded by Tsongkhapa in 1409. It is located approximately 50 kilometers east of Lhasa.&nbsp;Ganden has been the seat of the Ganden Tripa, the Holder of the Golden Throne of Ganden and head of the Gelug Tradition.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Ganden Monastery has two colleges, Jangtse and Shartse, meaning North Peak and East Peak respectively.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In India, Ganden Monastery was established in Mundgod in 1966.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#29976;&#20025;&#23546;&#26159;&#26684;&#39791;&#25945;&#27966;&#30340;&#31062;&#23546;&#65292;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#26044;1409&#24180;&#31820;&#24314;&#65292;&#24847;&#28858;&amp;quot;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&rdquo;&#65292;&#26159;&#26410;&#20358;&#20315;&#24396;&#21202;&#25152;&#25945;&#21270;&#30340;&#19990;&#30028;&#65292;&#33287;&#21746;&#34444;&#23546;&#12289;&#33394;&#25289;&#23546;&#21512;&#31281;&#25289;&#34217;&#26684;&#40065;&#27966;&amp;quot;&#19977;&#22823;&#23546;&rdquo;&#12290;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tushita Heaven&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &nbsp;Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3921;&#3906;&#3936;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(ganden); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dga&amp;#039; ldan&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; Tusita;&nbsp;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tushita Heaven, Joyous Realm is one of the celestial heavens of the Six Heavens or pure lands of the Desire Realm where gods and bodhisattvas reside and presided over by Maitreya. Nirmanakaya buddhas descend to take birth in the world from Tushita.&nbsp;Buddha Shakyamuni resided here as bodhisattva Shvetaketu. Before he leave for earth, Shakyamuni placed his crown on bodhisattva Maitreya&amp;#039;s head. Maitreya will in turn takes birth as the future buddha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The beings of this world are 3,000 feet (910 m) tall and live for 4000 years or 576,000,000 human years (according to Sarvastivada tradition). The height of this world is 320 yojanas above the Earth.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#12289;&#21916;&#27138;&#22825;&#65292;&#26159;&#27442;&#30028;&#20845;&#27442;&#22825;&#20043;&#31532;&#22235;&#22825;&#65292;320 &#30001;&#26092;&#39640;&#65292;&#26377;&#20839;&#22806;&#20841;&#38498;&#65292;&#22806;&#38498;&#26159;&#20961;&#22827;&#26524;&#22577;&#22825;&#23470;&#65292;&#20839;&#38498;&#26159;&#28136;&#22303;&#65292;&#33769;&#34217;&#20462;&#21151;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#20415;&#19979;&#29983;&#20154;&#38291;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#26410;&#25104;&#20315;&#21069;&#23621;&#20303;&#22312;&#20839;&#38498;&#65292;&#24396;&#21202;&#33769;&#34217;&#29694;&#23621;&#20839;&#38498;&#35498;&#27861;&#65292;&#25925;&#31281;&#20043;&#28858;&#24396;&#21202;&#28136;&#22303;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#20154;&#36523;&#37327;&#28858;1&#20465;&#30439;&#33293;&#65292;&#20197;&#20154;&#38291; 400&#27506;&#28858;&#19968;&#26205;&#22812;&#65292;&#23450;&#22781; 4000&#27506;&#65292;&#26159;&#20154;&#38291; 576,000,000&#24180;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Ganden,  &#29976;&#20025;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/ganden\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Ganden<\/span>, which embodies these teachings.<\/p><h4><strong>7.<br><\/strong><strong>You listened to explanations of the scriptural Dharma of the three collections,<\/strong><br><strong>Practised the three trainings, the doctrine of realization,<\/strong><br><strong>And set a wondrous example of life-long learning and accomplishment&mdash;<\/strong><br><strong>May the victorious Lobzang Drakpa&rsquo;s teachings flourish and spread!<\/strong><\/h4><p>The seventh verse first explains that there are two types of transmissions in the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span>: the transmission of teachings and the transmission of realizations.<\/p><p>Regarding the transmission of teachings, this refers to the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tripitaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#34255;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4001;&#3962;&#3851;&#3942;&#4003;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(sde snod gsum); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sde snod gsum&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tripitaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tripitaka, three Pitakas (baskets) are the collections of teaching of the Buddha.\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Sutras teach the Higher Training of Meditation &#32147;&#34255;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Vinaya teaches the Higher Training of Discipline &#24459;&#34255;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Abhidharma teaches the Higher Training of Wisdom &#35542;&#34255;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#19977;&#34255;,  Tripitaka,  Three pitakas&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tripitaka\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tripitaka<\/span>&mdash;the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sutra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#32147;&#34255;, &#22865;&#32147;, &#20462;&#22810;&#32645;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3921;&#3964;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3942;&#4001;&#3962; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(do de); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mdo&amp;#039;i sde&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sutra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sutra means thread in Sanskrit. In Buddhism, the Sutra Pitaka (Sutta Pitaja), one of the Tripitaka, contains over 10,000 canonical teachings of Lord Buddha separated into&nbsp;5 collections (nikayas):\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#38263;&#37096; Digha Nikaya: long discourses&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#20013;&#37096; Majjhima Nikaya: medium length discourses&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#30456;&#25033;&#37096; Samyutta Nikaya: connected discourses&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#22686;&#25903;&#37096; Anguttara Nikaya: numerical discourses&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#23567;&#37096; Khuddaka Nikaya: minor collection&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nThere are three types of Sutras:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;as spoken directly by Lord Buddha&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spoken by Bodhisattvas with inspiration and blessing of the Buddha&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;as compiled by disciples of Lord Buddha from his teachings&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Sutra,  &#32147;&#34255;,  &#22865;&#32147;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sutra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sutra<\/span>s, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vinaya, Discipline&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27607;&#22856;&#32822;, &#24459;&#34255;, &#32000;&#24459;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3921;&#3956;&#3939;&#3851;&#3926; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(dulwa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;dul ba&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vinaya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Vinaya, the first of the Tripitaka, It is a collection of Buddhist scriptures containing the rules and procedures that govern the Buddhist monastic community, or sangha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24459;&#34255;&#26159;&#19977;&#34255;&#32147;&#30340;&#31532;&#19968;&#37096;&#65292;&#31649;&#29702;&#20315;&#25945;&#20711;&#22296;&#30340;&#35215;&#21063;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Vinaya,  &#27607;&#22856;&#32822;,  &#24459;&#34255;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vinaya\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vinaya<\/span>, and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Abhidharma; &#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;, &#35542;&#34255;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3908;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;, &#3928;&#3908;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(cho ngon pa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos mngon pa, mngon pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Abhidharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Abhidharma means meta teaching or transcending principles.&nbsp; It is the third of the Three Pitakas (Sutra, Vinaya and Adhidharma).&nbsp; It is a collection of ancient Buddhist texts that are summaries, abstracts, systematic classification and lists of material that appear in Sutras.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35542;&#34255;&#26159;&#20315;&#25945;&#19977;&#34255;(&#32147;&#34255;&#12289;&#24459;&#34255;&#12289;&#35542;&#34255;)&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#20027;&#35201;&#20316;&#28858;&#20315;&#25945;&#25945;&#32681;&#30340;&#27880;&#35299;&#12289;&#35299;&#37323;&#12289;&#20998;&#21029;&#32147;&#34255;&#30340;&#20998;&#26512;&#26041;&#27861;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Abhidharma,  &#3928;&#3908;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;,  &#35542;&#34255;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/abhidharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Abhidharma<\/span>. The primary method of transmitting these teachings is through listening, contemplating, teaching, and explaining them. This is how the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tripitaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#34255;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4001;&#3962;&#3851;&#3942;&#4003;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(sde snod gsum); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sde snod gsum&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tripitaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tripitaka, three Pitakas (baskets) are the collections of teaching of the Buddha.\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Sutras teach the Higher Training of Meditation &#32147;&#34255;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Vinaya teaches the Higher Training of Discipline &#24459;&#34255;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Abhidharma teaches the Higher Training of Wisdom &#35542;&#34255;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#19977;&#34255;,  Tripitaka,  Three pitakas&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tripitaka\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tripitaka<\/span> is preserved and propagated.<\/p><p>As for the transmission of realizations, it involves practicing the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Trisiksa, Threefold Training&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#23416;: &#25106;&#12289;&#23450;&#12289;&#24935;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#4023;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4019;&#3926;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lhag-pa&rsquo;i bslab-pa gsum&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Trisiksa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Trisiksa is the training on the path to nirvana that leads to abandonment of aversion, attachment and delusion:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;superior discipline (adhishila)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;superior wisdom (adhiprajna)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;superior mind (adhicitta)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#25345;&#25106;&#20239;&#36010;&#24859;&#65292;&#31146;&#23450;&#20239;&#21972;&#24594;&#65292;&#26234;&#24935;&#20239;&#24858;&#30305;&#12290;&#31934;&#36914;&#20462;&#34892;&#65292;&#35299;&#33067;&#29033;&#24817;&#65292;&#31350;&#31455;&#28037;&#27075;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#19977;&#23416;,  Trisiksa,  Threefold Training,  &#25106;&#23450;&#24935;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/trisiksa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">threefold training<\/span> in discipline (<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tshultrim, Precept, Ethics; Discipline, Virtue, Morality; &#25345;&#25106;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;, &#25106;&#24459;, &#36947;&#24503; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26970;&#33251;\/&#21021;&#31281;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3930;&#3956;&#3939;&#3851;&#3905;&#4018;&#3954;&#3928;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Tshul trim); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tshul khrims&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sila Paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sila Paramita, Discipline, Virtue, ethical conduct, is one of the Six Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tshultrim is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Tsh&uuml;lt&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;0cfacee8d1448c3facbbe5650831fef3&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;&amp;gt;hri&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;m, Tsultrim, Ts&uuml;ltrim.\n&#25345;&#25106;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#26970;&#33251; \/ &#21021;&#31281;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25345;&#25106;,  &#25106;&#24459;,  Ethics,  Sila,  Precept,  Tshultrim,  &#26970;&#33251;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tshultrim\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">sila<\/span>), concentration (<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Samadhi, Meditative Absorption, One-Pointed Meditation&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#25705;&#22320;, &#38748;&#24942;, &#31146;&#23450; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#19969;&#20839;&#20170; \/ &#38651;&#22686;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3919;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3908;&#3962;&#3851;&#3936;&#3931;&#3954;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(ting nge dzin), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3919;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3936;&#3931;&#3954;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (ting dzin); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;ting nge &amp;#039;dzin, ting &amp;#039;dzin&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Samadhi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Samadhi, meditative absorption or one-pointed meditation, is the highest perfect concentration state of mind. The mind is concentrated on a single object and gradually calmed until the distinction between the object and the meditator disappears. This is the realization of non-dualism. Samadhi is one of five object-determining mental states.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19977;&#25705;&#22320;&#26159;&#26159;&#31146;&#20462;&#30340;&#26368;&#39640;&#24418;&#24335;&#65292;&#38748;&#24942;&#23560;&#27880;&#26044;&#21934;&#19968;&#23565;&#22659;&#32780;&#19988;&#28472;&#19981;&#25955;&#20098;&#65292;&#23436;&#20840;&#27887;&#38500;&#23565;&#22659;&#33287;&#31146;&#20462;&#32773;&#30340;&#21312;&#21029;&#65292;&#35657;&#24471;&#19981;&#20108;&#12290;&#19977;&#25705;&#22320;&#26159;&#20116;&#21029;&#22659;&#24515;&#25152;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#19977;&#25705;&#22320;,  Samadhi, &#31146;&#23450;,  &#38748;&#24942;,  &#3919;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3936;&#3931;&#3954;&#3923;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/samadhi\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">samadhi<\/span>), and wisdom (<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sherab, Wisdom; &#26234;&#24935;, &#33324;&#33509; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21332;&#25289;\/&#21916;&#39250;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3962;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3926; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(she rab); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;shes rab&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Prajna&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Wisdom (prajna) is one of Five object-determining mental states. Sherab\/Sherap is a common Tibetan name.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24935;&#26159;&#20116;&#21029;&#22659;&#24515;&#25152;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#21916;&#39250;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Prajna,  &#33324;&#33509;,  Sherab,  &#21332;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sherab\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">prajna<\/span>). Through teaching and explaining the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tripitaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#34255;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#4001;&#3962;&#3851;&#3942;&#4003;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(sde snod gsum); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sde snod gsum&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tripitaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tripitaka, three Pitakas (baskets) are the collections of teaching of the Buddha.\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Sutras teach the Higher Training of Meditation &#32147;&#34255;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Vinaya teaches the Higher Training of Discipline &#24459;&#34255;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Abhidharma teaches the Higher Training of Wisdom &#35542;&#34255;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#19977;&#34255;,  Tripitaka,  Three pitakas&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tripitaka\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tripitaka<\/span>, and through practicing the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Trisiksa, Threefold Training&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#23416;: &#25106;&#12289;&#23450;&#12289;&#24935;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#4023;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4019;&#3926;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lhag-pa&rsquo;i bslab-pa gsum&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Trisiksa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Trisiksa is the training on the path to nirvana that leads to abandonment of aversion, attachment and delusion:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;superior discipline (adhishila)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;superior wisdom (adhiprajna)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;superior mind (adhicitta)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#25345;&#25106;&#20239;&#36010;&#24859;&#65292;&#31146;&#23450;&#20239;&#21972;&#24594;&#65292;&#26234;&#24935;&#20239;&#24858;&#30305;&#12290;&#31934;&#36914;&#20462;&#34892;&#65292;&#35299;&#33067;&#29033;&#24817;&#65292;&#31350;&#31455;&#28037;&#27075;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#19977;&#23416;,  Trisiksa,  Threefold Training,  &#25106;&#23450;&#24935;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/trisiksa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">threefold training<\/span>, both scholars and accomplished practitioners are formed. <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> was both a great scholar and an accomplished master. The verse expresses the aspiration to encounter such a perfect teaching of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>.<\/p><h4><strong>8.<br><\/strong><strong>Outwardly peaceful and subdued through the sravakas&rsquo; conduct;<\/strong><br><strong>While inwardly possessing the assurance of the two-stage yoga;<\/strong><br><strong>You perfectly reconciled the excellent paths of sutra and mantra&mdash;<\/strong><br><strong>May the victorious Lobzang Drakpa&rsquo;s teachings flourish and spread!<\/strong><\/h4><p>The eighth verse primarily discusses the relationship between the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sutrayana, Exoteric Buddhism&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39023;&#25945;, &#39023;&#23447;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22810;&#29305;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3921;&#3964;&#3851;&#3920;&#3964;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(do teg pa);&nbsp; Wylie: mdo theg pa; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;S&#363;tray&#257;na&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sutrayana is the vehicle of the Sutras, a Mahayana Buddhism tradition that encompasses the exoteric teachings found in the sutras, in contrast with Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#39023;&#25945;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#30340;&#19968;&#20491;&#37325;&#35201;&#20659;&#25215;&#65292;&#20027;&#35201;&#20381;&#25818;&#32147;&#20856;&#38263;&#26399;&#20462;&#34892; (&#23565;&#27604;&#23494;&#20056;)&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#39023;&#25945;,  &#39023;&#23447;,  Sutrayana,  Exoteric&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sutrayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sutrayana<\/span> and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Diamond, Thunderbolt, Vajra, Dorje&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;, &#38013;&#30707;. &#38713;&#38722;, &#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#22810;&#20625;\/&#22810;&#21513;\/&#22810;&#30342;\/&#29677;&#26413;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4001;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Dorje)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(Benza); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rdo rje, badz+ra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vajra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje (Sanskrit: Vajra) means indestructible like diamond. It is one of the most important hand implement in Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje is also a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Dorj&eacute;, Dorjee, Dorji, Dordje, Dordsche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;&#22914;&#38013;&#30707;&#22533;&#19981;&#21487;&#25703;&#12290;&#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&#26159;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20027;&#35201;&#30340;&#25163;&#25345;&#27861;&#22120;&#12290;&#22810;&#20625;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Vajra, &#37329;&#21083;, Dorje, &#22810;&#20625;, Benza,  &#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vajra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vajra<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yana, Vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20056; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24086;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (thekpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Yana, vehicle, path, refers to different types and levels of Buddhist teaching including Hinayana, Mahayana, Vajrayana etc.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20056;&#26159;&#25351;&#19981;&#21516;&#30340;&#20315;&#25945;&#25945;&#23566;: &#23567;&#20056;&#12289;&#22823;&#20056;&#12289;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#12289;&#32882;&#32862;&#20056;&#12289;&#32227;&#35258;&#20056;&#12289;&#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&#31561;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Yana,  &#20056;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">yana<\/span>, as well as the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana, Great vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;, &#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24503;&#24052;&#21315;&#27874;, &#24503;&#21315;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tekpa chenpo), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(tek chen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa chen po,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg chen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Mahayana means great vehicle of mind, the aspiration to attain buddhahood, find liberation from suffering for the benefits for all beings.&nbsp;Two main branches within Mahayana are Madhyamaka and Chittamatra.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Classical texts for Mahayana include Avatamsaka Sutra, Prajnaparamita Sutra and treatises by Nagarjuna and Asanga.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#25552;&#20513;&#24351;&#23376;&#20197;&#20315;&#38464;&#28858;&#27036;&#27171;&#65292;&#20197;&#33258;&#21033;&#21033;&#20182;&#25104;&#23601;&#20315;&#26524;&#30340;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#30526;&#29983;&#35299;&#33067;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;, Mahayana, &#22823;&#20056;, &#33769;&#34217;&#20056;, Great Vehicle&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/mahayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Mahayana<\/span> and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Hearer&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#32882;&#32862;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24180;&#29305;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3913;&#3923;&#3851;&#3920;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (nyan to); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;nyan thos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Savaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Shravaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Shravaka, a &amp;quot;Hearer&amp;quot; disciple of Buddha Shakyamuni, is someone who follows the four Noble Truths taught in the first turning of the wheel of dharma and strives to attain the level of an arhat.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#21021;&#36681;&#27861;&#36650;&#26178;, &#32893;&#20315;&#38464;&#38283;&#31034;&#20462;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#30340;&#20154;, &#22240;&#36890;&#36942;&#32893;&#32862;&#20315;&#31062;&#30340;&#38899;&#32882;&#32780;&#24735;&#36947;, &#20197;&#25104;&#23601;&#38463;&#32645;&#28450;&#26524;&#28858;&#30446;&#27161;, &#31281;&#28858;&#32882;&#32862;&#20056;.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#32882;&#32862;,  Hearer,  Shravaka&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/shravaka\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Shravaka<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yana, Vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20056; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24086;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (thekpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Yana, vehicle, path, refers to different types and levels of Buddhist teaching including Hinayana, Mahayana, Vajrayana etc.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20056;&#26159;&#25351;&#19981;&#21516;&#30340;&#20315;&#25945;&#25945;&#23566;: &#23567;&#20056;&#12289;&#22823;&#20056;&#12289;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#12289;&#32882;&#32862;&#20056;&#12289;&#32227;&#35258;&#20056;&#12289;&#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&#31561;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Yana,  &#20056;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">yana<\/span>, which are the main topics of this verse.<\/p><p>First, regarding the external aspect: <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s lineage upholds all the deportments and pure discipline of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Hearer&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#32882;&#32862;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24180;&#29305;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3913;&#3923;&#3851;&#3920;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (nyan to); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;nyan thos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Savaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Shravaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Shravaka, a &amp;quot;Hearer&amp;quot; disciple of Buddha Shakyamuni, is someone who follows the four Noble Truths taught in the first turning of the wheel of dharma and strives to attain the level of an arhat.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#21021;&#36681;&#27861;&#36650;&#26178;, &#32893;&#20315;&#38464;&#38283;&#31034;&#20462;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#30340;&#20154;, &#22240;&#36890;&#36942;&#32893;&#32862;&#20315;&#31062;&#30340;&#38899;&#32882;&#32780;&#24735;&#36947;, &#20197;&#25104;&#23601;&#38463;&#32645;&#28450;&#26524;&#28858;&#30446;&#27161;, &#31281;&#28858;&#32882;&#32862;&#20056;.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#32882;&#32862;,  Hearer,  Shravaka&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/shravaka\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Shravaka<\/span>s. As the foun<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Destroyer&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#30772;&#22750;&#32773;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dati&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dati\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">dati<\/span>on of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span>, it encompasses the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana, Great vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;, &#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24503;&#24052;&#21315;&#27874;, &#24503;&#21315;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tekpa chenpo), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(tek chen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa chen po,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg chen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Mahayana means great vehicle of mind, the aspiration to attain buddhahood, find liberation from suffering for the benefits for all beings.&nbsp;Two main branches within Mahayana are Madhyamaka and Chittamatra.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Classical texts for Mahayana include Avatamsaka Sutra, Prajnaparamita Sutra and treatises by Nagarjuna and Asanga.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#25552;&#20513;&#24351;&#23376;&#20197;&#20315;&#38464;&#28858;&#27036;&#27171;&#65292;&#20197;&#33258;&#21033;&#21033;&#20182;&#25104;&#23601;&#20315;&#26524;&#30340;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#30526;&#29983;&#35299;&#33067;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;, Mahayana, &#22823;&#20056;, &#33769;&#34217;&#20056;, Great Vehicle&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/mahayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Mahayana<\/span> teachings and the practices of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Diamond, Thunderbolt, Vajra, Dorje&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;, &#38013;&#30707;. &#38713;&#38722;, &#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#22810;&#20625;\/&#22810;&#21513;\/&#22810;&#30342;\/&#29677;&#26413;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4001;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Dorje)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(Benza); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rdo rje, badz+ra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vajra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje (Sanskrit: Vajra) means indestructible like diamond. It is one of the most important hand implement in Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje is also a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Dorj&eacute;, Dorjee, Dorji, Dordje, Dordsche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;&#22914;&#38013;&#30707;&#22533;&#19981;&#21487;&#25703;&#12290;&#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&#26159;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20027;&#35201;&#30340;&#25163;&#25345;&#27861;&#22120;&#12290;&#22810;&#20625;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Vajra, &#37329;&#21083;, Dorje, &#22810;&#20625;, Benza,  &#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vajra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vajra<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yana, Vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20056; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24086;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (thekpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Yana, vehicle, path, refers to different types and levels of Buddhist teaching including Hinayana, Mahayana, Vajrayana etc.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20056;&#26159;&#25351;&#19981;&#21516;&#30340;&#20315;&#25945;&#25945;&#23566;: &#23567;&#20056;&#12289;&#22823;&#20056;&#12289;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#12289;&#32882;&#32862;&#20056;&#12289;&#32227;&#35258;&#20056;&#12289;&#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&#31561;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Yana,  &#20056;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">yana<\/span>. Moreover, as the basis of the entire <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">dharma<\/span>, it includes the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Gendun, Sangha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20711;&#23542;, &#20711;&#20285; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#32102;&#25958;\/&#26684;&#38931;\/&#26681;&#30331;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3906;&#3962;&#3851;&#3936;&#3921;&#3956;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (gendun); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dge &amp;#039;dun&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sa&#7747;gha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sangha is the community of practitioners following the teachings of the Buddha. Gendun is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Gend&uuml;n, Ged&uuml;n, Gedun, Gedhun.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20711;&#20285;&#26159;&#20315;&#27861;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;, &#26159;&#20462;&#36947;&#19978;&#30340;&#21451;&#20276;&#12290;&#20711;&#23542;&#25351;&#24050;&#25104;&#23601;&#30340;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#12290;&#32102;&#25958; \/ &nbsp;&#26684;&#38931; \/ &#26681;&#30331; \/ &#26681;&#25958; &#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#65292;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Sangha,  &#20711;&#23542;,  &#20711;&#20285;,  Samgha,  &#32102;&#25958;,   &#26684;&#38931;,  &#26681;&#30331;,  &#26681;&#25958;,  Gendun,  Gedun&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%ba%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%a0%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%b4%e0%bd%93\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sangha<\/span> community, particularly the Bhikshu <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Gendun, Sangha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20711;&#23542;, &#20711;&#20285; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#32102;&#25958;\/&#26684;&#38931;\/&#26681;&#30331;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3906;&#3962;&#3851;&#3936;&#3921;&#3956;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (gendun); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dge &amp;#039;dun&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sa&#7747;gha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sangha is the community of practitioners following the teachings of the Buddha. Gendun is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Gend&uuml;n, Ged&uuml;n, Gedun, Gedhun.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20711;&#20285;&#26159;&#20315;&#27861;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;, &#26159;&#20462;&#36947;&#19978;&#30340;&#21451;&#20276;&#12290;&#20711;&#23542;&#25351;&#24050;&#25104;&#23601;&#30340;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#12290;&#32102;&#25958; \/ &nbsp;&#26684;&#38931; \/ &#26681;&#30331; \/ &#26681;&#25958; &#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#65292;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Sangha,  &#20711;&#23542;,  &#20711;&#20285;,  Samgha,  &#32102;&#25958;,   &#26684;&#38931;,  &#26681;&#30331;,  &#26681;&#25958;,  Gendun,  Gedun&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%ba%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%a0%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%b4%e0%bd%93\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sangha<\/span>. Regardless of whether practitioners engage in <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana, Great vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;, &#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24503;&#24052;&#21315;&#27874;, &#24503;&#21315;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tekpa chenpo), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(tek chen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa chen po,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg chen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Mahayana means great vehicle of mind, the aspiration to attain buddhahood, find liberation from suffering for the benefits for all beings.&nbsp;Two main branches within Mahayana are Madhyamaka and Chittamatra.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Classical texts for Mahayana include Avatamsaka Sutra, Prajnaparamita Sutra and treatises by Nagarjuna and Asanga.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#25552;&#20513;&#24351;&#23376;&#20197;&#20315;&#38464;&#28858;&#27036;&#27171;&#65292;&#20197;&#33258;&#21033;&#21033;&#20182;&#25104;&#23601;&#20315;&#26524;&#30340;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#30526;&#29983;&#35299;&#33067;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;, Mahayana, &#22823;&#20056;, &#33769;&#34217;&#20056;, Great Vehicle&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/mahayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Mahayana<\/span> or <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Diamond, Thunderbolt, Vajra, Dorje&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;, &#38013;&#30707;. &#38713;&#38722;, &#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#22810;&#20625;\/&#22810;&#21513;\/&#22810;&#30342;\/&#29677;&#26413;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4001;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Dorje)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(Benza); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rdo rje, badz+ra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vajra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje (Sanskrit: Vajra) means indestructible like diamond. It is one of the most important hand implement in Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje is also a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Dorj&eacute;, Dorjee, Dorji, Dordje, Dordsche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;&#22914;&#38013;&#30707;&#22533;&#19981;&#21487;&#25703;&#12290;&#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&#26159;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20027;&#35201;&#30340;&#25163;&#25345;&#27861;&#22120;&#12290;&#22810;&#20625;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Vajra, &#37329;&#21083;, Dorje, &#22810;&#20625;, Benza,  &#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vajra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vajra<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yana, Vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20056; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24086;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (thekpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Yana, vehicle, path, refers to different types and levels of Buddhist teaching including Hinayana, Mahayana, Vajrayana etc.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20056;&#26159;&#25351;&#19981;&#21516;&#30340;&#20315;&#25945;&#25945;&#23566;: &#23567;&#20056;&#12289;&#22823;&#20056;&#12289;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#12289;&#32882;&#32862;&#20056;&#12289;&#32227;&#35258;&#20056;&#12289;&#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&#31561;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Yana,  &#20056;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">yana<\/span> practices, externally they must adhere to the deportments and discipline of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Hearer&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#32882;&#32862;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24180;&#29305;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3913;&#3923;&#3851;&#3920;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (nyan to); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;nyan thos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Savaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Shravaka&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Shravaka, a &amp;quot;Hearer&amp;quot; disciple of Buddha Shakyamuni, is someone who follows the four Noble Truths taught in the first turning of the wheel of dharma and strives to attain the level of an arhat.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#37323;&#36838;&#29279;&#23612;&#20315;&#21021;&#36681;&#27861;&#36650;&#26178;, &#32893;&#20315;&#38464;&#38283;&#31034;&#20462;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#30340;&#20154;, &#22240;&#36890;&#36942;&#32893;&#32862;&#20315;&#31062;&#30340;&#38899;&#32882;&#32780;&#24735;&#36947;, &#20197;&#25104;&#23601;&#38463;&#32645;&#28450;&#26524;&#28858;&#30446;&#27161;, &#31281;&#28858;&#32882;&#32862;&#20056;.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#32882;&#32862;,  Hearer,  Shravaka&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/shravaka\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Shravaka<\/span>s. This highlights the excellence of the external aspect.<\/p><p>Internally, the verse refers to the practices of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Generation Stage&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#29983;&#36215;&#27425;&#31532;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3962;&#3921;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (kye rim); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bskyed rim&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;utpattikrama;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Generation stage is the first stage (follow by completion stage) of a highest yoga tantra practice. A practitioner uses visualization to generate oneself in the form of yidam.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#29983;&#36215;&#27425;&#31532;&#26159;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#23494;&#27861;&#35264;&#24819;&#31532;&#19968;&#38542;&#27573;&nbsp;(&#31532;&#20108;&#26159;&#22291;&#28415;&#27425;&#31532;)&#65292;&#21253;&#25324;&#35264;&#24819;&#26412;&#23562;&#12289;&#30519;&#23660;&#12289;&#22727;&#22478;&#31561;&#65292;&#35657;&#24735;&#19968;&#20999;&#29694;&#35937;&#28165;&#28136;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Generation Stage,  &#29983;&#36215;&#27425;&#31532;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/generation-stage\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">generation stage<\/span> (kyerim) and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Completion Stage&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22291;&#28415;&#27425;&#31532; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#20304;&#26519;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4011;&#3964;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (dzog rim);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rdzogs rim&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sampannkrama&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Completion stage is the second stage (after the generation stage) in a highest yoga tantra practice. A practitioner works with the subtle wind, channels and chakras in meditation and visualization to attain the simultaneous realization of bliss and emptiness.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22291;&#28415;&#27425;&#31532;&#26159;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#23494;&#27861;&#31532;&#20108;&#38542;&#27573; (&#31532;&#19968;&#26159;&#29983;&#36215;&#27425;&#31532;)&#65292;&#36879;&#36942;&#36523;&#39636;&#20839;&#32048;&#24494;&#30340;&#27683;&#33032;&#26126;&#40670;&#35657;&#24471;&#22823;&#27138;&#12289;&#31354;&#24615;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#22291;&#28415;&#27425;&#31532;,  Completion Stage&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/completion-stage\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">completion stage<\/span> (dzogrim) <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yoga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#29788;&#20285;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3939;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4017;&#3964;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (naljor); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rnal &amp;#039;byor&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Yoga means union. In Tantric Buddhism, it refers to an esoteric practice.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#29788;&#20285;&#24847;&#26159;&#30456;&#25033;, &#26159;&#23494;&#23447;&#30340;&#28145;&#22887;&#20462;&#25345;&#27861;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Yoga,  &#29788;&#20285;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yoga\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">yoga<\/span>s, which are part of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Diamond, Thunderbolt, Vajra, Dorje&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;, &#38013;&#30707;. &#38713;&#38722;, &#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#22810;&#20625;\/&#22810;&#21513;\/&#22810;&#30342;\/&#29677;&#26413;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4001;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Dorje)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(Benza); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rdo rje, badz+ra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vajra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje (Sanskrit: Vajra) means indestructible like diamond. It is one of the most important hand implement in Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje is also a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Dorj&eacute;, Dorjee, Dorji, Dordje, Dordsche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;&#22914;&#38013;&#30707;&#22533;&#19981;&#21487;&#25703;&#12290;&#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&#26159;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20027;&#35201;&#30340;&#25163;&#25345;&#27861;&#22120;&#12290;&#22810;&#20625;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Vajra, &#37329;&#21083;, Dorje, &#22810;&#20625;, Benza,  &#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vajra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vajra<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yana, Vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20056; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24086;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (thekpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Yana, vehicle, path, refers to different types and levels of Buddhist teaching including Hinayana, Mahayana, Vajrayana etc.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20056;&#26159;&#25351;&#19981;&#21516;&#30340;&#20315;&#25945;&#25945;&#23566;: &#23567;&#20056;&#12289;&#22823;&#20056;&#12289;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#12289;&#32882;&#32862;&#20056;&#12289;&#32227;&#35258;&#20056;&#12289;&#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&#31561;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Yana,  &#20056;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">yana<\/span> practice. Within this lineage, both the practices of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sutrayana, Exoteric Buddhism&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39023;&#25945;, &#39023;&#23447;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22810;&#29305;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3921;&#3964;&#3851;&#3920;&#3964;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(do teg pa);&nbsp; Wylie: mdo theg pa; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;S&#363;tray&#257;na&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sutrayana is the vehicle of the Sutras, a Mahayana Buddhism tradition that encompasses the exoteric teachings found in the sutras, in contrast with Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#39023;&#25945;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#30340;&#19968;&#20491;&#37325;&#35201;&#20659;&#25215;&#65292;&#20027;&#35201;&#20381;&#25818;&#32147;&#20856;&#38263;&#26399;&#20462;&#34892; (&#23565;&#27604;&#23494;&#20056;)&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#39023;&#25945;,  &#39023;&#23447;,  Sutrayana,  Exoteric&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sutrayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sutrayana<\/span> and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Diamond, Thunderbolt, Vajra, Dorje&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;, &#38013;&#30707;. &#38713;&#38722;, &#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#22810;&#20625;\/&#22810;&#21513;\/&#22810;&#30342;\/&#29677;&#26413;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4001;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Dorje)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(Benza); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rdo rje, badz+ra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vajra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje (Sanskrit: Vajra) means indestructible like diamond. It is one of the most important hand implement in Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje is also a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Dorj&eacute;, Dorjee, Dorji, Dordje, Dordsche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;&#22914;&#38013;&#30707;&#22533;&#19981;&#21487;&#25703;&#12290;&#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&#26159;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20027;&#35201;&#30340;&#25163;&#25345;&#27861;&#22120;&#12290;&#22810;&#20625;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Vajra, &#37329;&#21083;, Dorje, &#22810;&#20625;, Benza,  &#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vajra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vajra<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yana, Vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20056; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24086;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (thekpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Yana, vehicle, path, refers to different types and levels of Buddhist teaching including Hinayana, Mahayana, Vajrayana etc.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20056;&#26159;&#25351;&#19981;&#21516;&#30340;&#20315;&#25945;&#25945;&#23566;: &#23567;&#20056;&#12289;&#22823;&#20056;&#12289;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#12289;&#32882;&#32862;&#20056;&#12289;&#32227;&#35258;&#20056;&#12289;&#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&#31561;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Yana,  &#20056;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">yana<\/span> are seen as complementary and equally valid as methods for spiritual development. This reflects the unique excellence of this tradition. Thus, the final verse expresses the aspiration that such a lineage may flourish and endure for a long time.<\/p><h4><strong>9.<br><\/strong><strong>To combine the emptiness that is explained in the causal vehicle<\/strong><br><strong>With the great bliss achieved through the fruitional vehicle&rsquo;s methods<\/strong><br><strong>Is the very heart and quintessence of the eighty-four thousand sections of Dharma<\/strong><br><strong>May the victorious Lobzang Drakpa&rsquo;s teachings flourish and spread!<\/strong><\/h4><p>The first line of the ninth verse speaks of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Causal Vehicle; &#22240;&#20056;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#33289;&#20197; &#22826;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3956;&#3851;&#3937;&#3954;&#3851;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(gyu yi tekpar); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rgyu yi theg pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Causal Vehicle refers teachings on emptiness found in both the Mahayana and Hinayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22240;&#20056;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#23567;&#20056;&#25152;&#25552;&#21040;&#30340;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#20839;&#23481;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Causal vehicle,  &#22240;&#20056;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/causal-vehicle\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">causal vehicle<\/span>, referring to the teachings on <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Emptiness, Voidness, Vacuity, Shunyata&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31354;&#24615;, &#31354;&#27491;&#35211; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26481;&#24052;&#23612;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3999;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3913;&#3954;&#3921; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(tong pa nyi), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3999;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3913;&#3954;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tongwa nyi), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3953;&#3956;&#3851;&#3923;&#4017;&#3851;&#3919;&#3953;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (shunyata);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;stong pa nyid, stong ba nyid&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#347;&#363;nyat&#257;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Emptiness: every phenomenon is ultimately empty of existence independently, or existing from its own side.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#31354;&#24615;: &#25152;&#26377;&#20839;&#22806;&#35576;&#27861;&#30342;&#38750;&#23526;&#26377;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#30342;&#31354;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#31354;&#27491;&#35211;,  &#31354;&#24615;,  &#3940;&#3953;&#3956;&#3851;&#3923;&#4017;&#3851;&#3919;&#3953;,  Shunyata,  Sunyata,  Emptiness,  Vacuity,  Voidness,  &#26481;&#24052;&#23612;, \n&#3942;&#3999;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3913;&#3954;&#3921;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/emptiness\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">emptiness<\/span> found in both the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana, Great vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;, &#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24503;&#24052;&#21315;&#27874;, &#24503;&#21315;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tekpa chenpo), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(tek chen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa chen po,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg chen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Mahayana means great vehicle of mind, the aspiration to attain buddhahood, find liberation from suffering for the benefits for all beings.&nbsp;Two main branches within Mahayana are Madhyamaka and Chittamatra.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Classical texts for Mahayana include Avatamsaka Sutra, Prajnaparamita Sutra and treatises by Nagarjuna and Asanga.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#25552;&#20513;&#24351;&#23376;&#20197;&#20315;&#38464;&#28858;&#27036;&#27171;&#65292;&#20197;&#33258;&#21033;&#21033;&#20182;&#25104;&#23601;&#20315;&#26524;&#30340;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#30526;&#29983;&#35299;&#33067;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;, Mahayana, &#22823;&#20056;, &#33769;&#34217;&#20056;, Great Vehicle&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/mahayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Mahayana<\/span> and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Hinayana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23567;&#20056;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3921;&#3928;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (tek men); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg dman&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Hinayana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A Hinayana (means small vehicle, foundational, or basic vehicle) Buddhist follower aspires to personal liberation of nirvana. Hinayana is further divided into Shravakayana (hearer vehicle) and Pratyekabuddhayana (solitary realizer vehicle).&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#23567;&#20056;&#24351;&#23376;&#31435;&#24535;&#28858;&#20491;&#20154;&#35299;&#33067;&#28858;&#20027;&#35201;&#30446;&#27161;. &#23567;&#20056;&#20998;&#28858;&#21448;&#32882;&#32862;&#20056;&#21644;&#29544;&#35258;&#20056;.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23567;&#20056;,  Hinayana&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/hinayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Hinayana<\/span>. The second line addresses the resultant vehicle, which emphasizes <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Great bliss, Dechen, Mahasukha;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&#27138;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24503;&#33288;\/&#24503;&#24950;\/&#24503;&#27453;\/&#24503;&#21315;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3921;&#3962;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Dechen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bde chen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mah&#257;sukha;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dechen is a common Tibetan name meaning great bliss.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24503;&#33288; \/ &#24503;&#24950; \/ &#24503;&#27453; \/ &#24503;&#21315;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#65292;&#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#22823;&#27138;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Dechen,   Great bliss,  &#22823;&#27138;,  &#24503;&#24950;,  &#24503;&#24950;,  Mahasukha&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%96%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%ba%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%93\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">great bliss<\/span> as a <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Skillful means, Upaya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26041;&#20415;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#20182;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3926;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (tab); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;thabs&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Upaya Paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Skillful means, Upaya paramita, is one of the Ten Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26041;&#20415;&#26159;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968; &#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#26041;&#20415;,  Skillful means, Upaya&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/upaya\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">skillful means<\/span>. Thus, the union of the wisdom of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Emptiness, Voidness, Vacuity, Shunyata&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#31354;&#24615;, &#31354;&#27491;&#35211; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26481;&#24052;&#23612;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3999;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3913;&#3954;&#3921; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(tong pa nyi), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3999;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3913;&#3954;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tongwa nyi), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3953;&#3956;&#3851;&#3923;&#4017;&#3851;&#3919;&#3953;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (shunyata);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;stong pa nyid, stong ba nyid&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#347;&#363;nyat&#257;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Emptiness: every phenomenon is ultimately empty of existence independently, or existing from its own side.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#31354;&#24615;: &#25152;&#26377;&#20839;&#22806;&#35576;&#27861;&#30342;&#38750;&#23526;&#26377;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#30342;&#31354;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#31354;&#27491;&#35211;,  &#31354;&#24615;,  &#3940;&#3953;&#3956;&#3851;&#3923;&#4017;&#3851;&#3919;&#3953;,  Shunyata,  Sunyata,  Emptiness,  Vacuity,  Voidness,  &#26481;&#24052;&#23612;, \n&#3942;&#3999;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3913;&#3954;&#3921;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/emptiness\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">emptiness<\/span> (<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sherab, Wisdom; &#26234;&#24935;, &#33324;&#33509; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21332;&#25289;\/&#21916;&#39250;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3962;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3926; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(she rab); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;shes rab&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Prajna&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Wisdom (prajna) is one of Five object-determining mental states. Sherab\/Sherap is a common Tibetan name.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24935;&#26159;&#20116;&#21029;&#22659;&#24515;&#25152;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#21916;&#39250;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Prajna,  &#33324;&#33509;,  Sherab,  &#21332;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sherab\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">prajna<\/span>) and the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Skillful means, Upaya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26041;&#20415;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#20182;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3926;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (tab); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;thabs&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Upaya Paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Skillful means, Upaya paramita, is one of the Ten Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26041;&#20415;&#26159;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968; &#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#26041;&#20415;,  Skillful means, Upaya&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/upaya\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">skillful means<\/span> of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Great bliss, Dechen, Mahasukha;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&#27138;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24503;&#33288;\/&#24503;&#24950;\/&#24503;&#27453;\/&#24503;&#21315;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3921;&#3962;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Dechen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bde chen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mah&#257;sukha;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dechen is a common Tibetan name meaning great bliss.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24503;&#33288; \/ &#24503;&#24950; \/ &#24503;&#27453; \/ &#24503;&#21315;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#65292;&#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#22823;&#27138;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Dechen,   Great bliss,  &#22823;&#27138;,  &#24503;&#24950;,  &#24503;&#24950;,  Mahasukha&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%96%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%ba%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%93\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">great bliss<\/span> (<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Great bliss, Dechen, Mahasukha;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&#27138;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24503;&#33288;\/&#24503;&#24950;\/&#24503;&#27453;\/&#24503;&#21315;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3921;&#3962;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Dechen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bde chen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mah&#257;sukha;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dechen is a common Tibetan name meaning great bliss.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#24503;&#33288; \/ &#24503;&#24950; \/ &#24503;&#27453; \/ &#24503;&#21315;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#65292;&#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#22823;&#27138;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Dechen,   Great bliss,  &#22823;&#27138;,  &#24503;&#24950;,  &#24503;&#24950;,  Mahasukha&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%96%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%ba%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%93\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">mahasukha<\/span>) represents a distinctive feature of this lineage. Within this tradition, the essence of all 84,000 <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span> teachings is fully present. This essence refers to the methods for directly realizing the Three Vehicles of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span>&rsquo;s teachings, highlighting the unique excellence of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s doctrine.<\/p><p>In this context, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Mipham, Invincible; &#28961;&#25973;, &#24396;&#21202;&#20315; (&#31859;&#40848;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3954;&#3851;&#3925;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (mipham); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mi pham&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;Mipham is a common Tibetan name. Mipham is epithet of Maitreya, Ajita.&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#31859;&#40848;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Mipham,  &#31859;&#40848;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/mipham\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Mipham<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rinpoche; &#20161;&#27874;&#20999;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(rinpoche)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rin po che;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Rinpoche means &amp;quot;precious one&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;jewel&amp;quot;. In Tibetan Buddhism, it is a way of showing respect when addressing those recognized as reincarnated, respected, learned and\/or an accomplished Lamas or teachers of the Dharma. It is also used as an honorific for abbots of monasteries. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Rimpoche, Rimpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999; (&#23527;&#27874;&#36554; \/ &#20161;&#27874;&#36554;) &#30340;&#24847;&#35695;&#26159;&#12300;&#29645;&#23542;&#12301;, &#26159;&#23565;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#19978;&#24107;&#30340;&#19968;&#31278;&#23562;&#31281;,&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#21487;&#20197;&#26159;&#34987;&#35469;&#35657;&#30340;&#36681;&#19990;&#32773;&#25110;&#26159;&#26377;&#24456;&#39640;&#20462;&#34892;&#30340;&#25104;&#23601;&#32773;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  Rinpoche&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a2%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%94%e0%bd%bc%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%86%e0%bd%ba\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Rinpoche<\/span> of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Nyingma; &#23527;&#29802;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3993;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rnying ma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Nyingma is the oldest of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism. It was founded in the eighth century. King Trisong Detsen invited Padmasambhava to introduce Buddhism to Tibet.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23527;&#29802;&#27966;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#27511;&#21490;&#26368;&#20037;&#20043;&#27966;&#65292;&#25104;&#26044;&#20844;&#20803;11&#19990;&#32000;&#12290;&#23562;&#22857;&#34030;&#33457;&#29983;&#22823;&#22763;&#28858;&#22987;&#31062;&#65292;&#20659;&#25215;&#26368;&#39640;&#20462;&#27861;&#28858;&#12300;&#22823;&#22291;&#28415;&#27861;&#12301;&#12290;&#30001;&#26044;&#20711;&#20154;&#25110;&#19978;&#24107;&#22343;&#25140;&#32005;&#33394;&#27861;&#24125;&#65292;&#25925;&#20439;&#31281;&#28858;&#12300;&#32005;&#24125;&#27966;&#12301;&#25110;&#12300;&#32005;&#25945;&#12301;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Nyingma,  &#23527;&#29802;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/nyingma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Nyingma<\/span> tradition also praised <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>. In his praise, he emphasized that <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> not only made imme<span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Demi-god, Asura; &#38463;&#20462;&#32645;&#36947; (&#25289;&#25935;\/&#25289;&#40635;&#38899;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#4023;&#3851;&#3928;&#3954;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(lha min)&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#4023;&#3851;&#3928;&#3851;&#3937;&#3954;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lha miyin); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lha min, lha ma yin&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: Asura;&nbsp;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Demi-god (asura) is one of the six classes of beings (Sadgati) in Buddhist cosmology. Asuras are supernatural beings who live in lower levels of mount Sumeru, obsessed with sensuous aspects of existence and jealousy, endlessly engaged in wars against the Devas (gods).&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#38463;&#20462;&#32645;&#22312;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#26159;&#20845;&#36947;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#21972;&#24594;&#23241;&#22930;&#24515;&#37325;&#12289;&#22909;&#29229;&#39717;&#65292;&#24120;&#33287;&#22825;&#20154;&#25136;&#29229;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Asura,  &#3939;&#4023;&#3851;&#3928;&#3954;&#3923;,  &#38463;&#20462;&#32645;,  Demi-god&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/asura\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">asura<\/span>ble contributions to the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sutrayana, Exoteric Buddhism&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39023;&#25945;, &#39023;&#23447;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22810;&#29305;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3921;&#3964;&#3851;&#3920;&#3964;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(do teg pa);&nbsp; Wylie: mdo theg pa; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;S&#363;tray&#257;na&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sutrayana is the vehicle of the Sutras, a Mahayana Buddhism tradition that encompasses the exoteric teachings found in the sutras, in contrast with Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#39023;&#25945;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#30340;&#19968;&#20491;&#37325;&#35201;&#20659;&#25215;&#65292;&#20027;&#35201;&#20381;&#25818;&#32147;&#20856;&#38263;&#26399;&#20462;&#34892; (&#23565;&#27604;&#23494;&#20056;)&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#39023;&#25945;,  &#39023;&#23447;,  Sutrayana,  Exoteric&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sutrayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sutrayana<\/span> but also provided immense contributions to the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Diamond, Thunderbolt, Vajra, Dorje&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;, &#38013;&#30707;. &#38713;&#38722;, &#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#22810;&#20625;\/&#22810;&#21513;\/&#22810;&#30342;\/&#29677;&#26413;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4001;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Dorje)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(Benza); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rdo rje, badz+ra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vajra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje (Sanskrit: Vajra) means indestructible like diamond. It is one of the most important hand implement in Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje is also a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Dorj&eacute;, Dorjee, Dorji, Dordje, Dordsche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;&#22914;&#38013;&#30707;&#22533;&#19981;&#21487;&#25703;&#12290;&#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&#26159;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20027;&#35201;&#30340;&#25163;&#25345;&#27861;&#22120;&#12290;&#22810;&#20625;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Vajra, &#37329;&#21083;, Dorje, &#22810;&#20625;, Benza,  &#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vajra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vajra<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yana, Vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20056; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24086;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (thekpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Yana, vehicle, path, refers to different types and levels of Buddhist teaching including Hinayana, Mahayana, Vajrayana etc.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20056;&#26159;&#25351;&#19981;&#21516;&#30340;&#20315;&#25945;&#25945;&#23566;: &#23567;&#20056;&#12289;&#22823;&#20056;&#12289;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#12289;&#32882;&#32862;&#20056;&#12289;&#32227;&#35258;&#20056;&#12289;&#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&#31561;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Yana,  &#20056;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">yana<\/span>. Furthermore, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> thoroughly interpreted the meaning and intent of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span>&rsquo;s teachings, accurately understanding both the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sutrayana, Exoteric Buddhism&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39023;&#25945;, &#39023;&#23447;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22810;&#29305;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3921;&#3964;&#3851;&#3920;&#3964;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(do teg pa);&nbsp; Wylie: mdo theg pa; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;S&#363;tray&#257;na&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sutrayana is the vehicle of the Sutras, a Mahayana Buddhism tradition that encompasses the exoteric teachings found in the sutras, in contrast with Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#39023;&#25945;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#30340;&#19968;&#20491;&#37325;&#35201;&#20659;&#25215;&#65292;&#20027;&#35201;&#20381;&#25818;&#32147;&#20856;&#38263;&#26399;&#20462;&#34892; (&#23565;&#27604;&#23494;&#20056;)&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#39023;&#25945;,  &#39023;&#23447;,  Sutrayana,  Exoteric&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sutrayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sutrayana<\/span> and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Diamond, Thunderbolt, Vajra, Dorje&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;, &#38013;&#30707;. &#38713;&#38722;, &#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#22810;&#20625;\/&#22810;&#21513;\/&#22810;&#30342;\/&#29677;&#26413;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4001;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Dorje)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(Benza); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rdo rje, badz+ra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vajra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje (Sanskrit: Vajra) means indestructible like diamond. It is one of the most important hand implement in Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje is also a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Dorj&eacute;, Dorjee, Dorji, Dordje, Dordsche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;&#22914;&#38013;&#30707;&#22533;&#19981;&#21487;&#25703;&#12290;&#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&#26159;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20027;&#35201;&#30340;&#25163;&#25345;&#27861;&#22120;&#12290;&#22810;&#20625;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Vajra, &#37329;&#21083;, Dorje, &#22810;&#20625;, Benza,  &#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vajra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vajra<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yana, Vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20056; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24086;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (thekpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Yana, vehicle, path, refers to different types and levels of Buddhist teaching including Hinayana, Mahayana, Vajrayana etc.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20056;&#26159;&#25351;&#19981;&#21516;&#30340;&#20315;&#25945;&#25945;&#23566;: &#23567;&#20056;&#12289;&#22823;&#20056;&#12289;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#12289;&#32882;&#32862;&#20056;&#12289;&#32227;&#35258;&#20056;&#12289;&#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&#31561;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Yana,  &#20056;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">yana<\/span> aspects. Therefore, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s contributions are considered profound and significant in both the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sutrayana, Exoteric Buddhism&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#39023;&#25945;, &#39023;&#23447;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#22810;&#29305;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3921;&#3964;&#3851;&#3920;&#3964;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(do teg pa);&nbsp; Wylie: mdo theg pa; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;S&#363;tray&#257;na&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sutrayana is the vehicle of the Sutras, a Mahayana Buddhism tradition that encompasses the exoteric teachings found in the sutras, in contrast with Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#39023;&#25945;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#30340;&#19968;&#20491;&#37325;&#35201;&#20659;&#25215;&#65292;&#20027;&#35201;&#20381;&#25818;&#32147;&#20856;&#38263;&#26399;&#20462;&#34892; (&#23565;&#27604;&#23494;&#20056;)&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#39023;&#25945;,  &#39023;&#23447;,  Sutrayana,  Exoteric&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sutrayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sutrayana<\/span> and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Diamond, Thunderbolt, Vajra, Dorje&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;, &#38013;&#30707;. &#38713;&#38722;, &#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#22810;&#20625;\/&#22810;&#21513;\/&#22810;&#30342;\/&#29677;&#26413;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4001;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Dorje)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(Benza); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rdo rje, badz+ra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vajra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje (Sanskrit: Vajra) means indestructible like diamond. It is one of the most important hand implement in Vajrayana.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Dorje is also a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Dorj&eacute;, Dorjee, Dorji, Dordje, Dordsche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#37329;&#21083;&#22914;&#38013;&#30707;&#22533;&#19981;&#21487;&#25703;&#12290;&#37329;&#21083;&#26485;&#26159;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20027;&#35201;&#30340;&#25163;&#25345;&#27861;&#22120;&#12290;&#22810;&#20625;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Vajra, &#37329;&#21083;, Dorje, &#22810;&#20625;, Benza,  &#3926;&#3931;&#4018;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vajra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vajra<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yana, Vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20056; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24086;&#24052;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (thekpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;yana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Yana, vehicle, path, refers to different types and levels of Buddhist teaching including Hinayana, Mahayana, Vajrayana etc.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20056;&#26159;&#25351;&#19981;&#21516;&#30340;&#20315;&#25945;&#25945;&#23566;: &#23567;&#20056;&#12289;&#22823;&#20056;&#12289;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#12289;&#32882;&#32862;&#20056;&#12289;&#32227;&#35258;&#20056;&#12289;&#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&#31561;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Yana,  &#20056;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">yana<\/span> domains.<\/p><h4><strong>10.<br><\/strong><strong>Chief among the guardians of the paths of the three types of individual&mdash;<\/strong><br><strong>Mah&#257;k&#257;la who is swift to act, Vai&#347;rava&#7751;a, K&#257;lar&#363;pa and the rest&mdash;<\/strong><br><strong>Through the power and strength of an ocean of oath-bound Dharma guardians,<\/strong><br><strong>May the victorious Lobzang Drakpa&rsquo;s teachings flourish and spread!<\/strong><\/h4><p>The tenth verse primarily discusses the Three Levels of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Path; &#36947;&#35558; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#34253;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Marga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Magga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Magga, Path is the fourth of the four noble truths.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#35558;&#26159;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#20043;&#22235;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#36947;&#35558;,  Path,  Magga,  Marga&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/path\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Path<\/span> In this context, it praises the teachings of Je <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> through the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Protector<\/span>s associated with the Three Levels of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Path; &#36947;&#35558; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#34253;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Marga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Magga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Magga, Path is the fourth of the four noble truths.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#35558;&#26159;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#20043;&#22235;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#36947;&#35558;,  Path,  Magga,  Marga&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/path\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Path<\/span>&mdash;the Superior, Intermediate, and Lesser <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Path; &#36947;&#35558; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#34253;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Marga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Magga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Magga, Path is the fourth of the four noble truths.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#35558;&#26159;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#20043;&#22235;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#36947;&#35558;,  Path,  Magga,  Marga&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/path\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Path<\/span>s.<\/p><p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight ); text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\">For the Superior <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Path; &#36947;&#35558; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#34253;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Marga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Magga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Magga, Path is the fourth of the four noble truths.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#35558;&#26159;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#20043;&#22235;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#36947;&#35558;,  Path,  Magga,  Marga&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/path\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Path<\/span>, the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Protector<\/span> is Wisdom <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Protector<\/span>, also known as <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Gonpo;, Protector &#35703;&#27861;, &#25937;&#20027;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#36002;&#24067;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3906;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (gonpo); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mgon po&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;div data-pm-slice=&amp;quot;1 1 []&amp;quot; data-en-clipboard=&amp;quot;true&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Gonpo is a common Tibetan name meaning protector, lord, savior. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: G&ouml;npo.&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#36002;&#24067;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#65292;&#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#35703;&#27861;, &#25937;&#20027;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Gonpo,  &#36002;&#24067;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%98%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%bc%e0%bd%93%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%94%e0%bd%bc\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Gonpo<\/span> or <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Great, Large&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#26805;&#25991;: &#40635;&#21704;);&nbsp; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3851;&#3943;&#3953;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (maha); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mah&#257;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(chen po); &#34255;&#25991;: (&#21315;&#27874;)&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3928;&#3851;&#3943;&#3953;&#3851;,  Mah&#257;,  &#40635;&#21704;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/maha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"Array\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Maha<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Time&amp;lt;\/b&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26178;&#38291;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Kala&amp;lt;\/b&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/kala\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">k&#257;la<\/span>, symbolizes the entirety of the Greater <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Path; &#36947;&#35558; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#34253;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Marga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Magga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Magga, Path is the fourth of the four noble truths.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#35558;&#26159;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#20043;&#22235;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#36947;&#35558;,  Path,  Magga,  Marga&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/path\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Path<\/span> practice. Everything about Wisdom <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Protector<\/span> serves as a representation of the teachings and practices within this level of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Path; &#36947;&#35558; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#34253;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Marga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Magga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Magga, Path is the fourth of the four noble truths.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#35558;&#26159;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#20043;&#22235;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#36947;&#35558;,  Path,  Magga,  Marga&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/path\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">path<\/span>.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight ); text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\">For the Intermediate <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Path; &#36947;&#35558; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#34253;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Marga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Magga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Magga, Path is the fourth of the four noble truths.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#35558;&#26159;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#20043;&#22235;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#36947;&#35558;,  Path,  Magga,  Marga&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/path\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Path<\/span>, the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Protector<\/span> is <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vaishravana, Heavenly King of the North&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22810;&#32862;&#22825;&#29579;, &#36001;&#23542;&#22825;&#29579;, &#27607;&#27801;&#38272;&#22825;&#29579; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21335;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;VIiyi&amp;quot; lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; data-number-of-phrases=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;Q4iAWc&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#22810;&#33394;, &#21335;&#33394;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3920;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#4018;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Namthoe Se), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3942;&#4018;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (nam se); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rnam thos sras, rnam sras&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vaisravana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Vaishravana (hears everything) is the Yellow Heavenly King of the North, wearing golden armour and holding an umbrella. He is chief of the Four Heavenly Kings, protecting Vinaya teachings. With jewel mongoose in his left hand, he confers spiritual and material wealth on Dharma practitioners. He is leader of Yaksas.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22810;&#32862;&#22825;&#29579;&#26159;&#20315;&#25945;&#35703;&#27861;&#31070;&#65292;&#12300;&#22235;&#22823;&#22825;&#29579;&#12301;&#20043;&#39318;&#65292;&#29234;&#22812;&#21449;&#29579;&#65292;&#31934;&#36890;&#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#20197;&#31119;&#24503;&#32862;&#26044;&#22235;&#26041;&#12290;&#20303;&#38920;&#24396;&#23665;&#40643;&#37329;&#22517;&#65292;&#36523;&#40643;&#32160;&#33394;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#33253;&#37504;&#40736;&#65292;&#21491;&#25345;&#23542;&#20632;&#65292;&#31359;&#30002;&#20881;&#65292;&#12302;&#39080;&#35519;&#38632;&#38918;&#12303;&#20013;&#30340;&#12302;&#38632;&#12303;&#65292;&#36000;&#36012;&#23432;&#35703;&#21271;&#20465;&#30439;&#27954;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3942;&#4018;&#3942;,  Vaishravana,  &#22810;&#32862;&#22825;,  &#36001;&#23542;&#22825;&#29579;,  &#27607;&#27801;,  Heavenly King of the North,  Namthoe Se&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vaishravana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vaishravana<\/span>, the King of Treasures. While the Intermediate <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Path; &#36947;&#35558; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#34253;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Marga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Magga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Magga, Path is the fourth of the four noble truths.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#35558;&#26159;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#20043;&#22235;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#36947;&#35558;,  Path,  Magga,  Marga&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/path\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Path<\/span> includes the cultivation of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tshultrim, Precept, Ethics; Discipline, Virtue, Morality; &#25345;&#25106;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;, &#25106;&#24459;, &#36947;&#24503; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26970;&#33251;\/&#21021;&#31281;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3930;&#3956;&#3939;&#3851;&#3905;&#4018;&#3954;&#3928;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Tshul trim); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tshul khrims&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sila Paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sila Paramita, Discipline, Virtue, ethical conduct, is one of the Six Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tshultrim is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Tsh&uuml;lt&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;0cfacee8d1448c3facbbe5650831fef3&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;&amp;gt;hri&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;m, Tsultrim, Ts&uuml;ltrim.\n&#25345;&#25106;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#26970;&#33251; \/ &#21021;&#31281;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25345;&#25106;,  &#25106;&#24459;,  Ethics,  Sila,  Precept,  Tshultrim,  &#26970;&#33251;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tshultrim\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">ethics<\/span>, concentration, and wisdom, its main emphasis is on ethical discipline. This includes the fundamental ten virtuous actions, the five lay <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tshultrim, Precept, Ethics; Discipline, Virtue, Morality; &#25345;&#25106;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;, &#25106;&#24459;, &#36947;&#24503; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26970;&#33251;\/&#21021;&#31281;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3930;&#3956;&#3939;&#3851;&#3905;&#4018;&#3954;&#3928;&#3942; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(Tshul trim); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tshul khrims&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sila Paramita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sila Paramita, Discipline, Virtue, ethical conduct, is one of the Six Perfections.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Tshultrim is a common Tibetan name. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Tsh&uuml;lt&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;0cfacee8d1448c3facbbe5650831fef3&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;&amp;gt;hri&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;m, Tsultrim, Ts&uuml;ltrim.\n&#25345;&#25106;&#26159;&#20845;&#27874;&#32645;&#23494;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&#26970;&#33251; \/ &#21021;&#31281;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25345;&#25106;,  &#25106;&#24459;,  Ethics,  Sila,  Precept,  Tshultrim,  &#26970;&#33251;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tshultrim\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">precept<\/span>s, the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pratimoksha&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21029;&#35299;&#33067;&#25106;, &#25106;&#32147;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3964;&#3851;&#3942;&#3964;&#3938;&#3851;&#3920;&#3938;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;; Wylie:&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; so sor thar pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: Pratimoksha; &nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Prati means &amp;quot;towards&amp;quot; and moksa means &amp;quot;liberation&amp;quot; from samsara.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Pratimoksha vows refers to the foundational set of moral precepts that form the core of Buddhist monastic discipline. These vows are taken by ordained monastics to restrain unwholesome physical and verbal actions. Each precept, when upheld, progressively frees the practitioner from specific causes of suffering and entanglement in cyclic existence. The ultimate purpose of keeping these vows is to achieve personal liberation from the cycle of rebirth. They serve as the indispensable root for all higher trainings in concentration and wisdom. Violations of these precepts require specific procedures of confession and restoration, with the severity of the penalty corresponding to the gravity of the offense.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#27492;&#34899;&#35486;&#25351;&#20315;&#25945;&#20986;&#23478;&#30526;&#25152;&#21463;&#25345;&#30340;&#26681;&#26412;&#25106;&#24459;&#65292;&#26159;&#19968;&#20999;&#24459;&#20736;&#21046;&#24230;&#30340;&#22522;&#30990;&#12290;&#20711;&#20406;&#36879;&#36942;&#21463;&#25345;&#27492;&#25106;&#65292;&#33021;&#26377;&#25928;&#32004;&#26463;&#33258;&#36523;&#19981;&#30070;&#30340;&#36523;&#26989;&#33287;&#35486;&#26989;&#65292;&#20006;&#36880;&#27493;&#26039;&#38500;&#29033;&#24817;&#30340;&#26681;&#28304;&#12290;&#27599;&#19968;&#26781;&#25106;&#24459;&#30340;&#22196;&#26684;&#25345;&#23432;&#65292;&#37117;&#33021;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#24478;&#29305;&#23450;&#30340;&#26463;&#32283;&#20013;&#29554;&#24471;&#35299;&#33067;&#65292;&#26368;&#32066;&#30446;&#27161;&#22312;&#26044;&#36229;&#33067;&#29983;&#27515;&#36650;&#36852;&#12290;&#27492;&#25106;&#34987;&#35222;&#28858;&#24460;&#32396;&#20462;&#32722;&#31146;&#23450;&#33287;&#26234;&#24935;&#19981;&#21487;&#25110;&#32570;&#30340;&#26681;&#22522;&#12290;&#33509;&#36949;&#29359;&#25106;&#26781;&#65292;&#21063;&#38656;&#20381;&#29031;&#24459;&#21046;&#33289;&#34892;&#25082;&#24724;&#25110;&#36996;&#28136;&#20736;&#24335;&#65292;&#34389;&#32622;&#26041;&#24335;&#20381;&#29359;&#25106;&#24773;&#31680;&#36629;&#37325;&#32780;&#26377;&#19981;&#21516;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Pratimoksa,  &#21029;&#35299;&#33067;&#25106;,  &#25106;&#32147;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/pratimoksha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Pratimoksha<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vow; &#35475;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#30070;&#30342;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3909;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(damche); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dam bcas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35475;,  Vow&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%98%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%96%e0%bd%85%e0%bd%a6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>vow<\/span>s, the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhisattva vows&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#33769;&#34217;&#25106;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3851;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#4001;&#3964;&#3928;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (byang-sems sdom pa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;byang sems sdom pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pranidhana;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Bodhisattva vows,&nbsp; Pranidhana, is a set of aspiration taken by Mahayana Buddhist to achieve Buddhahood for the sake of all sentient beings.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#33769;&#34217;&#25106;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#30340;&#35475;&#35328;, &#25215;&#35582;&#24118;&#30526;&#29983;&#21040;&#20315;&#26524;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#33769;&#34217;&#25106;,  Bodhisattva vows&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/bodhisattva-vows\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Bodhisattva vows<\/span>, and the tantric <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pledge, Vow, Samaya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19977;&#26151;&#32822;&#25106; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)&amp;quot; aria-describedby=&amp;quot;tt&amp;quot; data-cmtooltip=&amp;quot;2c09093779107b911e639785da3378b0&amp;quot; data-gt-translate-attributes=&amp;quot;[{&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#27801;&#40635;&#20126;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3928;&#3851;&#3930;&#3954;&#3906;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (dam tsik), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3851;&#3937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (samaya); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dam tshig, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sa ma ya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Samaya;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Samaya is a set of vows or commitments by Vajrayana practitioners as part of empowerment or initiation that bonds the guru and disciple.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#19977;&#26151;&#32822;&#26159;&#23565;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#19978;&#24107;&#25110;&#26159;&#23565;&#20462;&#27861;&#19978;&#30340;&#35475;&#35328;&#25110;&#25215;&#35582;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Samaya, &#19977;&#26151;&#32822;, &#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3851;&#3937;, &#27801;&#40635;&#20126;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/samaya\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">samaya<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vow; &#35475;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#30070;&#30342;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3909;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(damche); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dam bcas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35475;,  Vow&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%98%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%96%e0%bd%85%e0%bd%a6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>vow<\/span>s. All aspects of ethical discipline in Buddhist practice are symbolized by <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vaishravana, Heavenly King of the North&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22810;&#32862;&#22825;&#29579;, &#36001;&#23542;&#22825;&#29579;, &#27607;&#27801;&#38272;&#22825;&#29579; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21335;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;VIiyi&amp;quot; lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; data-number-of-phrases=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;Q4iAWc&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#22810;&#33394;, &#21335;&#33394;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3920;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#4018;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Namthoe Se), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3942;&#4018;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (nam se); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rnam thos sras, rnam sras&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vaisravana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Vaishravana (hears everything) is the Yellow Heavenly King of the North, wearing golden armour and holding an umbrella. He is chief of the Four Heavenly Kings, protecting Vinaya teachings. With jewel mongoose in his left hand, he confers spiritual and material wealth on Dharma practitioners. He is leader of Yaksas.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22810;&#32862;&#22825;&#29579;&#26159;&#20315;&#25945;&#35703;&#27861;&#31070;&#65292;&#12300;&#22235;&#22823;&#22825;&#29579;&#12301;&#20043;&#39318;&#65292;&#29234;&#22812;&#21449;&#29579;&#65292;&#31934;&#36890;&#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#20197;&#31119;&#24503;&#32862;&#26044;&#22235;&#26041;&#12290;&#20303;&#38920;&#24396;&#23665;&#40643;&#37329;&#22517;&#65292;&#36523;&#40643;&#32160;&#33394;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#33253;&#37504;&#40736;&#65292;&#21491;&#25345;&#23542;&#20632;&#65292;&#31359;&#30002;&#20881;&#65292;&#12302;&#39080;&#35519;&#38632;&#38918;&#12303;&#20013;&#30340;&#12302;&#38632;&#12303;&#65292;&#36000;&#36012;&#23432;&#35703;&#21271;&#20465;&#30439;&#27954;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3942;&#4018;&#3942;,  Vaishravana,  &#22810;&#32862;&#22825;,  &#36001;&#23542;&#22825;&#29579;,  &#27607;&#27801;,  Heavenly King of the North,  Namthoe Se&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vaishravana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vaishravana<\/span>.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight ); text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\">For the Lesser <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Path; &#36947;&#35558; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#34253;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Marga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Magga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Magga, Path is the fourth of the four noble truths.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#35558;&#26159;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#20043;&#22235;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#36947;&#35558;,  Path,  Magga,  Marga&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/path\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Path<\/span>, the key principle is faith in the law of cause and effect. The ultimate judge of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Karma, Action&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26989;&#21147;, &#26989;&#26524;, &#34892;&#21205;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#38647; , &#22030;&#40635;);&nbsp; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (le), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3904;&#3938;&#4008;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (karma);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;las&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Karma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Karma is the universal law that brings results or effects from causes of ones conscious actions. The results may take an uncertain amount of time and other conditions to mature.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#26989;&#21147;&#26159;&#23431;&#23449;&#30340;&#27861;&#21063;&#65292;&#25152;&#26377;&#26377;&#24847;&#35672;&#30340;&#34892;&#28858;&#26371;&#24118;&#20358;&#22240;&#26524;&#22577;&#25033;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#26989;&#21147;, &#26989;&#26524;, &#3904;&#3938;&#4008;, Karma&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/karma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">karma<\/span> and its consequences is represented by <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yama, Lord of Death, Hell King; &#38331;&#39764; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26032;&#30342;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3940;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (shin je);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;gshin rje&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yama&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Yama,  &#38331;&#39764;,  &#26032;&#30342;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yama\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Yama<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Gyalpo, King&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#29579; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#30342;&#27874;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3939;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(gyal po); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rgyal po&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Raja (&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Radze, &#25289;&#32046;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;);&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;Gyalpo is a common Tibetan name meaning king. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Gyelpo, Gy&auml;lpo.&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#30342;&#27874;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#65292;&#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#29579;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#25289;&#32046;&#26159;&#26805;&#25991;&#38899;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Gyalpo, &#30342;&#27874;, Raja,  Radza,  &#25289;&#32046;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a2%e0%be%92%e0%be%b1%e0%bd%a3%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%94%e0%bd%bc\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">raja<\/span>, the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmaraja, Lord of Death, King of dharmas; &#38331;&#39764;&#29579;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#26032;&#30342; &#31179;&#22025;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3940;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&#3851;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (shin je chogyal); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;gshin rje chos rgyal&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Dharmaraja,  Lord of Death,  King of Dharmas,  &#38331;&#39764;&#29579;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharmaraja\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Lord of Death<\/span>.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight ); text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\">Therefore, in this verse, the teachings of Je <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> are praised through the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Protector<\/span>s of the Three Levels of the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Path; &#36947;&#35558; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#34253;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Marga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Magga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Magga, Path is the fourth of the four noble truths.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#35558;&#26159;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#20043;&#22235;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#36947;&#35558;,  Path,  Magga,  Marga&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/path\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Path<\/span>: <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Great, Large&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#26805;&#25991;: &#40635;&#21704;);&nbsp; Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3851;&#3943;&#3953;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (maha); Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mah&#257;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(chen po); &#34255;&#25991;: (&#21315;&#27874;)&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3928;&#3851;&#3943;&#3953;&#3851;,  Mah&#257;,  &#40635;&#21704;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/maha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"Array\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Maha<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Time&amp;lt;\/b&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26178;&#38291;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Kala&amp;lt;\/b&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/kala\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">k&#257;la<\/span>, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vaishravana, Heavenly King of the North&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22810;&#32862;&#22825;&#29579;, &#36001;&#23542;&#22825;&#29579;, &#27607;&#27801;&#38272;&#22825;&#29579; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21335;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;VIiyi&amp;quot; lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; data-number-of-phrases=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;Q4iAWc&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#22810;&#33394;, &#21335;&#33394;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3920;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#4018;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Namthoe Se), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3942;&#4018;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (nam se); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rnam thos sras, rnam sras&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vaisravana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Vaishravana (hears everything) is the Yellow Heavenly King of the North, wearing golden armour and holding an umbrella. He is chief of the Four Heavenly Kings, protecting Vinaya teachings. With jewel mongoose in his left hand, he confers spiritual and material wealth on Dharma practitioners. He is leader of Yaksas.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22810;&#32862;&#22825;&#29579;&#26159;&#20315;&#25945;&#35703;&#27861;&#31070;&#65292;&#12300;&#22235;&#22823;&#22825;&#29579;&#12301;&#20043;&#39318;&#65292;&#29234;&#22812;&#21449;&#29579;&#65292;&#31934;&#36890;&#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#20197;&#31119;&#24503;&#32862;&#26044;&#22235;&#26041;&#12290;&#20303;&#38920;&#24396;&#23665;&#40643;&#37329;&#22517;&#65292;&#36523;&#40643;&#32160;&#33394;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#33253;&#37504;&#40736;&#65292;&#21491;&#25345;&#23542;&#20632;&#65292;&#31359;&#30002;&#20881;&#65292;&#12302;&#39080;&#35519;&#38632;&#38918;&#12303;&#20013;&#30340;&#12302;&#38632;&#12303;&#65292;&#36000;&#36012;&#23432;&#35703;&#21271;&#20465;&#30439;&#27954;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3942;&#4018;&#3942;,  Vaishravana,  &#22810;&#32862;&#22825;,  &#36001;&#23542;&#22825;&#29579;,  &#27607;&#27801;,  Heavenly King of the North,  Namthoe Se&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vaishravana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Vaishravana<\/span> and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yama, Lord of Death, Hell King; &#38331;&#39764; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26032;&#30342;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3940;&#3954;&#3923;&#3851;&#3938;&#3991;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (shin je);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;gshin rje&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yama&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Yama,  &#38331;&#39764;,  &#26032;&#30342;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/yama\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Yama<\/span><span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Gyalpo, King&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#29579; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#30342;&#27874;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3939;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(gyal po); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rgyal po&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Raja (&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Radze, &#25289;&#32046;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;);&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;Gyalpo is a common Tibetan name meaning king. Alternate spelling \/ Variations: Gyelpo, Gy&auml;lpo.&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#30342;&#27874;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#65292;&#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#29579;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#25289;&#32046;&#26159;&#26805;&#25991;&#38899;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Gyalpo, &#30342;&#27874;, Raja,  Radza,  &#25289;&#32046;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%a2%e0%be%92%e0%be%b1%e0%bd%a3%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%94%e0%bd%bc\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">raja<\/span>.<\/span><\/p><h4><strong>11.<br><\/strong><strong>In short, may the lives of the glorious masters be secure,<\/strong><br><strong>May the world be filled with learned, venerable holders of the teachings,<\/strong><br><strong>And may the power and influence of Dharma benefactors increase,<\/strong><br><strong>So that the victorious Lobzang Drakpa&rsquo;s teachings flourish and spread!<\/strong><\/h4><p>The final verse primarily expresses prayers and aspirations:<\/p><p>May all lineage masters have long lives and remain in this world.<br>May all great upholders of the teachings spread across the land.<br>May all powerful <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala, Khandro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24247;&#21331;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3905;&#3936;&#3851;&#3936;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(khandro); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkha&amp;#039; &amp;#039;gro&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharmapala&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A Dharmapala (khandro) is a Dharma Protector in Buddhism. In Vajrayana, Dharmapalas are often depicted in fearsome appearance but are embodiments of compassion that act a wrathful way for the benefits of sentient beings. Their main function is to avert inner and outer obstacles that prevent Buddhist practitioners from attainment.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35703;&#27861;&#26159;&#20315;&#25110;&#33769;&#34217;&#30340;&#21270;&#36523;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#23565;&#25239;&#20839;&#22806;&#38556;&#31001;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#35703;&#27861;,  &#24247;&#21331;,  Dharmapala,  Khandro,  Protector&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/protector-2\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">protector<\/span>s flourish and prosper.<br>May the teachings of Je <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> be widely propagated.<br>The Extraordinary Manifestation of Je <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span><\/p><p>In general, Je <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> is regarded as an emanation of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Manjushri, Manjughosha ; &#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217; (&#27743;&#35997;&#22830;, &#26364;&#31062;&#23460;&#21033;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3911;&#3928;&#3851;&#3921;&#3924;&#3939;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;(&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;jam pal yang), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3913;&#4011;&#3956;&#3851;&#3940;&#4018;&#3953;&#3954;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (manjusri); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;jam dpal dbyangs, many+dzu shrI;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ma&ntilde;ju&#347;r&#299;, Ma&ntilde;jugho&#7779;a&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Manjushri is the oldest and most significant bodhisattva symbolizing transcendental wisdom in Mahayana Buddhism. In Vajrayana Buddhism, he is depicted with flaming sword in right hand and scripture in his left hand.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;VIiyi&amp;quot; lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#20687;&#24501;&#36229;&#28982;&#26234;&#24935;&#30340;&#26368;&#21476;&#32769;&#12289;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#33769;&#34217;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#22312;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#65292;&#20182;&#21491;&#25163;&#25343;&#33879;&#28779;&#21133;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#25343;&#33879;&#32147;&#25991;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25991;&#27530;, &#22937;&#21513;&#31077;, &#26364;&#27530;, &#34083;&#35997;&#22830;,  &#3936;&#3911;&#3928;&#3851;&#3924;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;,  &#3928;&#3913;&#4011;&#3956;&#3851;&#3940;&#4018;&#3953;&#3954;,  Manjushri,  Manjughosha&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/manjushri\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Manjushri<\/span>, the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhisattva; &#33769;&#34217; (&#34083;&#31179; &#26862;&#35997;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3851;&#3910;&#3956;&#3926;&#3851;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (chang chub sempa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;byang chub sems dpa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Bodhisattva&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;A bodhisattva is a person who is dedicated on the path towards buddhahood. In Mahayana Buddhism, a bodhisattva is someone who has generated bodhicitta, a compassionate mind to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#25351;&#37027;&#20123;&#30332;&#24515;&#28858;&#20102;&#24478;&#36650;&#36852;&#20013;&#35299;&#33067;&#65292;&#25104;&#23601;&#20315;&#26524;&#32780;&#25215;&#35582;&#20462;&#34892;&#30340;&#20154;&#12290;&#22312;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#65292;&#35657;&#24735;&#32773;&#26371;&#36984;&#25799;&#26368;&#39640;&#29702;&#24819;&#32780;&#30041;&#22312;&#19990;&#38291;&#21435;&#24171;&#21161;&#21450;&#24341;&#23566;&#30526;&#29983;&#26397;&#21521;&#35258;&#24735;&#65292;&#32780;&#19981;&#26159;&#36914;&#20837;&#28037;&#30436;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#33769;&#34217;,  Bodhisattva&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/bodhisattva\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Bodhisattva<\/span> of Wisdom. Aside from being <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Manjushri, Manjughosha ; &#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217; (&#27743;&#35997;&#22830;, &#26364;&#31062;&#23460;&#21033;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3911;&#3928;&#3851;&#3921;&#3924;&#3939;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;(&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;jam pal yang), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3913;&#4011;&#3956;&#3851;&#3940;&#4018;&#3953;&#3954;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (manjusri); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;jam dpal dbyangs, many+dzu shrI;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ma&ntilde;ju&#347;r&#299;, Ma&ntilde;jugho&#7779;a&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Manjushri is the oldest and most significant bodhisattva symbolizing transcendental wisdom in Mahayana Buddhism. In Vajrayana Buddhism, he is depicted with flaming sword in right hand and scripture in his left hand.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;VIiyi&amp;quot; lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#20687;&#24501;&#36229;&#28982;&#26234;&#24935;&#30340;&#26368;&#21476;&#32769;&#12289;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#33769;&#34217;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#22312;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#65292;&#20182;&#21491;&#25163;&#25343;&#33879;&#28779;&#21133;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#25343;&#33879;&#32147;&#25991;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25991;&#27530;, &#22937;&#21513;&#31077;, &#26364;&#27530;, &#34083;&#35997;&#22830;,  &#3936;&#3911;&#3928;&#3851;&#3924;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;,  &#3928;&#3913;&#4011;&#3956;&#3851;&#3940;&#4018;&#3953;&#3954;,  Manjushri,  Manjughosha&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/manjushri\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Manjushri<\/span>&rsquo;s manifestation, he also appeared in this world as a pure monk, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mara, Demon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22825;&#39764;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#26460;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3926;&#3921;&#3956;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(D&uuml;);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bdud&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/i&amp;gt;Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;m&#257;ra&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Mara is a powerful god who dwells in Tushita. Mara is associated with death, rebirth and desire. He attempted to prevent the Buddha from attaining enlightenment at Bodhgaya.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22825;&#39764;&#26159;&#23621;&#20303;&#22312;&#20828;&#29575;&#22825;&#30340;&#31070;&#65292; &#20182;&#33287;&#27515;&#20129;&#12289;&#37325;&#29983;&#21644;&#24958;&#26395;&#26377;&#38364;&#12290; &#20182;&#26366;&#35430;&#22294;&#38459;&#27490;&#20315;&#38464;&#22312;&#33769;&#25552;&#36838;&#32822;&#35657;&#24735;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Mara,  Demon,  &#22825;&#39764;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/mara\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">demon<\/span>strating the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Path; &#36947;&#35558; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#34253;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Marga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Magga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Magga, Path is the fourth of the four noble truths.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#35558;&#26159;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#20043;&#22235;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#36947;&#35558;,  Path,  Magga,  Marga&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/path\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">path<\/span> of an ordinary renunciate. While there can be countless emanations of <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Manjushri, Manjughosha ; &#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217; (&#27743;&#35997;&#22830;, &#26364;&#31062;&#23460;&#21033;); &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3911;&#3928;&#3851;&#3921;&#3924;&#3939;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;(&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;jam pal yang), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3913;&#4011;&#3956;&#3851;&#3940;&#4018;&#3953;&#3954;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (manjusri); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;#039;jam dpal dbyangs, many+dzu shrI;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Ma&ntilde;ju&#347;r&#299;, Ma&ntilde;jugho&#7779;a&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Manjushri is the oldest and most significant bodhisattva symbolizing transcendental wisdom in Mahayana Buddhism. In Vajrayana Buddhism, he is depicted with flaming sword in right hand and scripture in his left hand.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;VIiyi&amp;quot; lang=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#25991;&#27530;&#33769;&#34217;&#26159;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#20687;&#24501;&#36229;&#28982;&#26234;&#24935;&#30340;&#26368;&#21476;&#32769;&#12289;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#33769;&#34217;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;JLqJ4b ChMk0b&amp;quot; data-language-for-alternatives=&amp;quot;zh-TW&amp;quot; data-language-to-translate-into=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; data-phrase-index=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#22312;&#37329;&#21083;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#65292;&#20182;&#21491;&#25163;&#25343;&#33879;&#28779;&#21133;&#65292;&#24038;&#25163;&#25343;&#33879;&#32147;&#25991;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#25991;&#27530;, &#22937;&#21513;&#31077;, &#26364;&#27530;, &#34083;&#35997;&#22830;,  &#3936;&#3911;&#3928;&#3851;&#3924;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;,  &#3928;&#3913;&#4011;&#3956;&#3851;&#3940;&#4018;&#3953;&#3954;,  Manjushri,  Manjughosha&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/manjushri\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Manjushri<\/span>, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span>&rsquo;s manifestation is particularly special and extraordinary.<\/p><p>In terms of his contribution to the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#27861;&#23542;, &#20315;&#27861;, &#29694;&#35937;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#21371;&#25289;, &#21371;, &#36948;&#29802;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho la), &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos la, chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dhamma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dharma has many meanings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;path to realize truth&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;virtuous state of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;teachings of the Buddha (Buddhadharma)&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;spiritual tradition&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;life&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;phenomena&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of knowledge&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;object of mind&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma, Phenomenon; &#20315;&#27861;&#65292;&#29694;&#35937;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#21371;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (cho);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Dharma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#27861;&#23542;, Dharma, &#36948;&#29802;, &#21371;&#25289;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/dharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Dharma<\/span>, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> is deeply revered and is often called the Second <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span> for his vast kindness in upholding and transmitting the teachings. The lineage he founded is known as the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Gelugpa; &#26684;&#39791;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3921;&#3906;&#3962;&#3851;&#3939;&#3956;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Gelugpa)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dge lugs pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Gelug is the newest of the schools of Tibetan Buddhism. It was founded by Je Tsongkhapa (1357&ndash;1419), Gelug emerged as the pre-eminent Buddhist school in Tibet and Mongolia since the end of the 16th century. It developed a reputation for strict adherence to monastic discipline and scholarship as well as tantric practice.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#65292;&#20134;&#31281;&#40643;&#25945;&#65292;&#28858;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#22235;&#22823;&#27966;&#20013;&#26368;&#26202;&#20986;&#29694;&#65292;&#30001;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#26044;&#21313;&#22235;&#19990;&#32000;&#25152;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290; &#20197;&#38463;&#24213;&#23805;&#23562;&#32773;&#25152;&#21109;&#30340;&#22134;&#30070;&#27966;&#25945;&#32681;&#28858;&#20027;&#65292;&#34701;&#21512;&#21508;&#23447;&#21508;&#27966;&#30340;&#31934;&#33775;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#22196;&#20513;&#23432;&#20315;&#25945;&#25106;&#24459;&#65292;&#32780;&#24471;&#21517;&#21892;&#35215;&#27966;&#65292;&#21448;&#34987;&#31281;&#28858;&#26684;&#24459;&#27966;&#12290;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#37325;&#35222;&#20711;&#20154;&#23416;&#32147;&#12289;&#36783;&#32147;&#65104;&#26377;&#31995;&#32113;&#30340;&#23416;&#32147;&#21046;&#24230;&#65292;&#20808;&#39023;&#24460;&#23494;&#12290;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#23416;&#20462;&#20006;&#37325;&#30340;&#23416;&#39080;&#20351;&#20854;&#25104;&#28858;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#24433;&#38911;&#21147;&#26368;&#22823;&#30340;&#27966;&#21029;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#26684;&#39791;,  &#40643;&#25945;,  Gelug&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/gelugpa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Gelug<\/span> tradition, but this does not mean it is separate from Buddhism as a whole. The <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Gelugpa; &#26684;&#39791;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3921;&#3906;&#3962;&#3851;&#3939;&#3956;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Gelugpa)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dge lugs pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Gelug is the newest of the schools of Tibetan Buddhism. It was founded by Je Tsongkhapa (1357&ndash;1419), Gelug emerged as the pre-eminent Buddhist school in Tibet and Mongolia since the end of the 16th century. It developed a reputation for strict adherence to monastic discipline and scholarship as well as tantric practice.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#65292;&#20134;&#31281;&#40643;&#25945;&#65292;&#28858;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#22235;&#22823;&#27966;&#20013;&#26368;&#26202;&#20986;&#29694;&#65292;&#30001;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#26044;&#21313;&#22235;&#19990;&#32000;&#25152;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290; &#20197;&#38463;&#24213;&#23805;&#23562;&#32773;&#25152;&#21109;&#30340;&#22134;&#30070;&#27966;&#25945;&#32681;&#28858;&#20027;&#65292;&#34701;&#21512;&#21508;&#23447;&#21508;&#27966;&#30340;&#31934;&#33775;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#22196;&#20513;&#23432;&#20315;&#25945;&#25106;&#24459;&#65292;&#32780;&#24471;&#21517;&#21892;&#35215;&#27966;&#65292;&#21448;&#34987;&#31281;&#28858;&#26684;&#24459;&#27966;&#12290;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#37325;&#35222;&#20711;&#20154;&#23416;&#32147;&#12289;&#36783;&#32147;&#65104;&#26377;&#31995;&#32113;&#30340;&#23416;&#32147;&#21046;&#24230;&#65292;&#20808;&#39023;&#24460;&#23494;&#12290;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#23416;&#20462;&#20006;&#37325;&#30340;&#23416;&#39080;&#20351;&#20854;&#25104;&#28858;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#24433;&#38911;&#21147;&#26368;&#22823;&#30340;&#27966;&#21029;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#26684;&#39791;,  &#40643;&#25945;,  Gelug&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/gelugpa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Gelug<\/span> lineage is simply part of the larger Buddhist tradition, just as <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sakya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#34217;&#36838;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3851;&#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (sakya); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sa skya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Sakya is one of the four main traditions of Tibetan Buddhism. It was founded by Khon Konchok Gyalpo in 1073. In Tibetan, Sakya means &amp;#039;grey earth&amp;#039; which is the colour of the earth at the Sakya Monastery. The most important teaching of the Sakya tradition is Lamdre, or &amp;#039;Path with Fruit&amp;#039;, associated with the Hevajra Tantra.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#34217;&#36838;&#27966;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#22235;&#22823;&#25945;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#30001;&#26118;&middot;&#36002;&#21371;&#20625;&#24067;&#21109;&#22987;&#65292;&#20027;&#24373;&#20808;&#39023;&#24460;&#23494;&#20860;&#20462;&#12290;&#34217;&#36838;&#30340;&#34255;&#35486;&#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#28784;&#30333;&#33394;&#65292;&#22240;&#20027;&#23546;&#34217;&#36838;&#23546;&#22303;&#33394;&#28784;&#30333;&#12290;&#20027;&#23546;&#22285;&#29254;&#19978;&#22615;&#26377;&#32005;&#12289;&#30333;&#12289;&#40657;&#19977;&#33394;&#26781;&#32011;&#65292;&#25925;&#24120;&#34987;&#31281;&#28858;&#33457;&#25945;&#12290;&#36947;&#26524;&#27861;&#26159;&#34217;&#36838;&#27966;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#25945;&#32681;&#12290;&#38936;&#34966;&#28858;&#34217;&#36838;&#27861;&#29579;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Sakya,  &#34217;&#36838;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/sakya\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sakya<\/span>, <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Kagyu; &#22134;&#33289;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; &#3926;&#3904;&#3936;&#3851;&#3926;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3956;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;bka&amp;#039;-brgyud;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Kagyu ( &amp;quot;Oral Lineage&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Whispered Transmission&amp;quot;) is one of the four main traditions of Tibetan Buddhism. It was brought to Tibet by Marpa Lotsawa around 1050. It has four major and eight minor independent sub-schools including Karma Kagyu, Drikung Kagyu, Taklung Kagyu and Drukpa.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The main teachings of Kagyu include Mahamudra and the Six Yogas of Naropa.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22134;&#33289;&#27966; (&#21475;&#20659;&#27966;&#25110;&#31146;&#20462;&#27966;) &#20439;&#31281;&#30333;&#25945;&#26159;&#35199;&#34255;&#20315;&#25945;&#22235;&#22823;&#25945;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#32004;&#26044; 1050&#24180;&#30001;&#39340;&#29246;&#24052;&#35695;&#24107;&#24341;&#20837;&#35199;&#34255;&#65292;&#20659;&#25215;&#26377;&#22235;&#22823;&#21644;&#20843;&#23567;&#25903;&#27966;&#65292;&#21253;&#25324;&#22134;&#29802;&#22134;&#33289;&#12289;&#31481;&#24052;&#22134;&#33289;&#12289;&#30452;&#36002;&#22134;&#33289;&#31561;&#12290;&#26368;&#26680;&#24515;&#30340;&#20462;&#27861;&#26159;&#12298;&#37027;&#27931;&#20845;&#27861;&#12299;&#21450;&#39023;&#12289;&#23494;&#22823;&#25163;&#21360;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#22134;&#33289;,  Kagyu&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/kagyu\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Kagyu<\/span>, and <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Nyingma; &#23527;&#29802;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3993;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rnying ma;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Nyingma is the oldest of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism. It was founded in the eighth century. King Trisong Detsen invited Padmasambhava to introduce Buddhism to Tibet.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23527;&#29802;&#27966;&#26159;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#27511;&#21490;&#26368;&#20037;&#20043;&#27966;&#65292;&#25104;&#26044;&#20844;&#20803;11&#19990;&#32000;&#12290;&#23562;&#22857;&#34030;&#33457;&#29983;&#22823;&#22763;&#28858;&#22987;&#31062;&#65292;&#20659;&#25215;&#26368;&#39640;&#20462;&#27861;&#28858;&#12300;&#22823;&#22291;&#28415;&#27861;&#12301;&#12290;&#30001;&#26044;&#20711;&#20154;&#25110;&#19978;&#24107;&#22343;&#25140;&#32005;&#33394;&#27861;&#24125;&#65292;&#25925;&#20439;&#31281;&#28858;&#12300;&#32005;&#24125;&#27966;&#12301;&#25110;&#12300;&#32005;&#25945;&#12301;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Nyingma,  &#23527;&#29802;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/nyingma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Nyingma<\/span> are not independent traditions but all branches of Buddhism.<\/p><p>In the past, Je <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Tsongkhapa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;, &#27931;&#26705;&#26413;&#35997;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(Tsongkhapa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (Losang Drakpa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;tsong kha pa, &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;blo bzang grags pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Sumati Kirti&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Je Tsongkhapa (man from Tsongkha) (1357-1419) founded the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. His ordained name is Losang Drakpa \/ Lobsang Drakpa. He is also known simply as Je Rinpoche.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#65288;1357-1419&#65289;&#31777;&#31281;&#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#65292;&#21109;&#31435;&#20102;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#12290; &#20182;&#30340;&#20986;&#23478;&#21517;&#23383;&#26159;&#27931;&#26705;&#25166;&#24052;&#65292;&#26805;&#25991;&#21517;&#26159;&#34311;&#40635;&#36842;&#32102;&#36842;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;His major works include &#20182;&#30340;&#20027;&#35201;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;LamRim Chenmo, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment,&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#24291;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3928;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Medium Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment; &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#20013;&#35542;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4018;&#3954;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Concise Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment, also known as Song of the Stages of the Path, &#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#27425;&#31532;&#30053;&#35542;&#12299;&#21448;&#31281;&#12298;&#33769;&#25552;&#36947;&#25885;&#38924;&#12299;,&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#4001;&#3956;&#3942;&#3851;&#3921;&#3964;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 16px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt; or &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3938;&#3954;&#3928;&#3851;&#3913;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3906;&#3956;&#3938;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The Three Principal Aspects of the Path, &#12298;&#32854;&#36947;&#19977;&#35201;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3929;&#3964;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#3942;&#3956;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Foundation of All Good Qualities,&#12298;&#21151;&#24503;&#20043;&#26412;&#12299;, &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3906;&#3934;&#3954;&#3938;&#3851;&#3906;&#4017;&#3956;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&nbsp; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#23447;&#21888;&#24052;,  &#20625;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;,  &#3929;&#3964;&#3908;&#3851;&#3905;&#3851;&#3924;,  &#3926;&#4019;&#3964;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;,  Losang Dragpa,  Je Rinpoche,  Sumati Kirti&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/tsongkhapa\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Tsongkhapa<\/span> did immense meritorious work in preserving and flourishing the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span>&rsquo;s teachings. Today, we commemorate his kindness and express our gratitude. At the same time, we make the aspiration that in this life, we may practice according to these teachings and achieve attainments.<\/p><p>We also aspire that in future lifetimes, we may continue to obtain a precious <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Human&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20154;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#31859;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3954;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (mi); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Manusya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Human (manusya) is one of the six classes of beings in Buddhist cosmology, living in the four continents surrounding Mount Meru. In Buddhism, human beings are special in that they are the only class of beings able to directly attain enlightenment or become a Buddha.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20154;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#20315;&#25945;&#23431;&#23449;&#35542;&#20013;&#30340;&#20845;&#39006;&#30526;&#29983;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#29983;&#27963;&#22312;&#38920;&#24396;&#23665;&#21608;&#22285;&#30340;&#22235;&#22823;&#27954;&#12290; &#22312;&#20315;&#25945;&#20013;&#65292;&#20154;&#26159;&#29305;&#27530;&#30340;&#22240;&#28858;&#20182;&#20497;&#26159;&#21807;&#19968;&#33021;&#22816;&#30452;&#25509;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;cmtt_meaning_label&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Not&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#19981; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#31859;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3954;&#3851;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (mi); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mi&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20154;&#36947;,  Human,  Manusya&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/manusya\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">human<\/span> <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;header&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Jati, Rebirth&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20986;&#29983; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#30342;&#21703;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3962;&#3851;&#3926;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(kye wa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;skye ba&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;jati&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/header&amp;gt;Jati is 11th of the 12 nidanas. In the Wheel of Life, it is shown as a woman giving birth.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#31532;&#21313;&#19968;&#32227;&#36215;&#25903;&#28858;&#12300;&#29983;&#12301;&#12290; &#24859;&#21462;&#26377;&#24471;&#29983;&#65292;&#20845;&#36947;&#36650;&#36852;&#22294;&#20013;&#65292;&#20197;&#27491;&#22312;&#20998;&#23081;&#30340;&#23142;&#22899;&#27604;&#21947;&#29983;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Jati,  Rebirth,  &#20986;&#29983;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/rebirth\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">rebirth<\/span>, progress on the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Path; &#36947;&#35558; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#34253;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3928;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(lam); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;lam&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Marga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Pali: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Magga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Magga, Path is the fourth of the four noble truths.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36947;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#35558;&#26159;&#22235;&#32854;&#35558;&#20043;&#22235;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#36947;&#35558;,  Path,  Magga,  Marga&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/path\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">path<\/span> of realization, and ultimately attain <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Enlightened, Sangye; &#20315;&#38464;, &#27491;&#35258; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#26705;&#30342;\/&#26705;&#20625;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (sangye); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;sangs rgyas&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Buddha, Buddho &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24067;&#36948;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;The Buddha usually refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;In general, a Buddha is someone who has awakened and enlightened from ignorance, eliminated from his\/her mind stream all emotional and cognitive obscurations, stopped all sufferings and cycles of life and death, gained everlasting happiness and peace, through merits and wisdom.\nGosok explains the meaning of Tibetan word Sangey:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Sang&amp;quot; means awakening from the sleep of ignorance.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Gye&amp;quot; refers to possessing all-encompassing wisdom and perfect virtues.&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Thus, &amp;quot;Sangye&amp;quot; signifies the Buddha&rsquo;s fulfillment of both abandonment (of afflictions) and realization (of wisdom).&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\nSangye, Sanggye is a common Tibetan name.\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26524;&#30889;&#20161;&#27874;&#20999;&#35299;&#37323;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#30340;&#24847;&#32681;:&nbsp;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#30561;&#30496;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#26159;&#25351;&#22914;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#12289;&#30433;&#25152;&#26377;&#26234;&#65292;&#19968;&#20999;&#21151;&#24503;&#25903;&#20998;&#22291;&#28415;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#26705;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#25110;&#32773;&#35498;&#65292;&#12300;&#26705;&#12301;&#26159;&#24478;&#28961;&#26126;&#12289;&#20108;&#38556;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#36855;&#38695;&#20013;&#35258;&#37266;&#65307;&#24050;&#35657;&#29694;&#35657;&#31354;&#24615;&#30340;&#22937;&#26234;&#65292;&#22914;&#29694;&#26085;&#20809;&#65292;&#25152;&#20197;&#21483;&#12300;&#20625;&#12301;&#12290;&#20063;&#23601;&#26159;&#20315;&#30340;&#26039;&#12289;&#35657;&#20108;&#31278;&#21151;&#24503;&#22291;&#28415;&#30340;&#24847;&#24605;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#26705;&#20625; \/ &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#26705;&#30342;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#26159;&#24120;&#35211;&#34255;&#21517;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/div&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;&#20315;&#23542;, &#20315;&#38464;,  Buddha,  Sangye,  &#26705;&#20625;,  &#26705;&#30342;,  &#27491;&#35258;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/buddha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Buddha<\/span>hood.<\/p><p>This is the main purpose of conducting the <span class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class='cmtt-audio-player '&gt;&lt;a class='wp-embedded-audio' href='http:\/\/en'&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Lamp Offering, Aloke&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#20379;&#29128; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#38463;&#27931;&#32102;); Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3928;&#3938;&#3851;&#3928;&#3962; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(mar me), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3944;&#3851;&#3939;&#3964;&#3851;&#3904;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (aloke); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mar me&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Aloke&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Lamp Offering (aloke) is one of eight outer sense offerings.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#20379;&#29128;&#26159;&#20843;&#20379;&#20043;&#19968;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_wrapper&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms_title&gt;Synonyms &#21516;&#32681;&#35422;: &lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=cmtt_synonyms&gt;Aloke,  &#3944;&#3851;&#3939;&#3964;&#3851;&#3904;&#3962;,  &#20379;&#29128;,  Lamp Offering&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/lamp-offering\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Lamp Offering<\/span> Ceremony here today.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccb70ac elementor-cta--layout-image-right elementor-widget__width-initial 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class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/tsongkapa2008C-150x150.jpg);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"tsongkapa2008C\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tLama Tsongkhapa Pages <br> &#23447;&#21888;&#24052;&#22823;&#24107;&#38913;&#38754;\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Teaching on Aspiration Prayer for the Flourishing of Ganden Teachings \u300a\u7518\u4e39\u8056\u6559\u589e\u5ee3\u9858\u6587\u300b\u8b1b\u89e3 \u8acb\u9ede\u9019\u88e1\u9032\u5165 \u00ab\u00a0\u7518\u4e39\u8056\u6559\u589e\u5ee3\u9858\u6587\u8b1b\u89e3\u00a0\u00bb \u4e2d\u6587\u9801\u9762 Please click here for the Chinese Version Aspiration Prayer for the Flourishing of the Noble Gandan Tradition\u7518\u4e39\u8056\u6559\u589e\u5ee3\u9858\u6587 Jangtse Choje Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche Teaching onAspiration Prayer for the Flourishing of Ganden Teachings 2012-12-08 Today is the Lamp Offering Day of our master [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5943,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[255],"tags":[920,919,559,807],"class_list":["post-4883","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teaching","tag-chinese","tag-english","tag-559","tag-tsongkhapa"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ 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