{"id":86048,"date":"2024-08-26T20:48:54","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T00:48:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%96%e0%be%b1%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%82%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%89%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%93\/"},"modified":"2025-02-05T01:14:53","modified_gmt":"2025-02-05T06:14:53","slug":"vasubandhu","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vasubandhu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0f51\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f42\u0f49\u0f7a\u0f53"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Wealth, Treasure, Prosperity&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36001;&#23500;, &#36001;&#23542;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vasu &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#29926;&#34311;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Vasu Dare may mean bestow prosperity.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Vasu Dare &#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#36176;&#20104;&#36001;&#23500;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Vasu &#20063;&#21487;&#34920;&#31034;&#20809;&#26126;&#25110;&#32654;&#24503;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vasu\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vasu\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Vasu<\/a>bandhu; &#19990;&#35242; (&#23110;&#34282;&#30436;&#35910;);&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong>Tibetan: <strong><a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Treasure, Jewel; &#23542;&#29289;, &#29664;&#23542;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#20234;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3954;&#3906;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (yik);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;dbyig&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%96%e0%be%b1%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%82\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%91%e0%bd%96%e0%be%b1%e0%bd%b2%e0%bd%82\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3954;&#3906;<\/a>&#3851;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Relative, Friend; &#35242;&#25114;, &#26379;&#21451;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#24180;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3906;&#3913;&#3962;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;(nyen);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;gnyen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%89%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%93\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%89%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%93\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#3906;&#3913;&#3962;&#3923;<\/a><\/strong> (dbyig gnyen); <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Wylie transliteration&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23041;&#21033;&#36681;&#23531;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Wylie transliteration, designed by American Turrell V. Wylie in 1959, is a method for transliterating Tibetan script using only the letters available on a typical English-language typewriter. It precisely transcribes Tibetan script as written but does not represent the modern pronunciation of Tibetan words.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23041;&#21033;&#36681;&#23531;&#26159;&#30001;&#29305;&#29790;&#29246;&middot;&#23041;&#21033;&#26044;1959&#24180;&#35373;&#35336;&#30340;&#19968;&#31278;&#34255;&#25991;&#36681;&#23531;&#31995;&#32113;, &#21482;&#29992;26&#20491;&#25289;&#19969;&#23383;&#27597;, &#20294;&#20006;&#19981;&#34920;&#29694;&#20195;&#34255;&#35486;&#30332;&#38899;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/wylie\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/wylie\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Wylie<\/a>: <strong>dbyig gnyen<\/strong>;<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Wealth, Treasure, Prosperity&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#36001;&#23500;, &#36001;&#23542;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Vasu &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#29926;&#34311;);&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Vasu Dare may mean bestow prosperity.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Vasu Dare &#24847;&#24605;&#26159;&#36176;&#20104;&#36001;&#23500;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Vasu &#20063;&#21487;&#34920;&#31034;&#20809;&#26126;&#25110;&#32654;&#24503;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vasu\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vasu\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Vasu<\/a>bandhu was a 4th to 5th century Indian Buddhist monk, one of the Seventeen <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Seventeen Nalanda Masters&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#19971;&#37027;&#29211;&#38464;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Seventeen great Indian panditas associated with Nalanda monastery:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Nagarjuna &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3904;&#4019;&#3956;&#3851;&#3942;&#3986;&#4018;&#3956;&#3926;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#40845;&#27193;&#33769;&#34217;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Aryadeva &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3925;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3939;&#4023;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#25552;&#23110;, &#32854;&#22825;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Buddhapalita &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#20315;&#35703;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Bhavaviveka &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4017;&#3962;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#28165;&#36776;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Chandrakirti &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3935;&#4019;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#26376;&#31281;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Shantideva &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3934;&#3954;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3939;&#4023;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#23490;&#22825;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Shantarakshita &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3934;&#3954;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3936;&#3930;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#23490;&#35703;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Kamalashila &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3924;&#3921;&#4008;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3908;&#3908;&#3851;&#3930;&#3956;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#34030;&#33457;&#25106;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Asanga &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3964;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3962;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#28961;&#33879;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vasubandhu &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3954;&#3906;&#3851;&#3906;&#3913;&#3962;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#19990;&#35242;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dignaga &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3925;&#4017;&#3964;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3904;&#4017;&#3954;&#3851;&#3906;&#4019;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#38515;&#37027;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dharmakirti &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3904;&#4017;&#3954;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#27861;&#31281;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Arya Vimuktisena &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3925;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&#3939;&#3851;&#3942;&#4001;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#32854;&#35299;&#33067;&#36557;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Haribhadra &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3962;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#3962;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#24107;&#23376;&#36066;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Gunaprabha &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3936;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#21151;&#24503;&#20809;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Shakyaprabha &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3953;&#3904;&#4017;&#3851;&#3936;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#37323;&#36838;&#20809;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Atisha &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3944;&#3851;&#3919;&#3954;&#3851;&#3940;&#3851;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#38463;&#24213;&#23805;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/seventeen-nalanda-masters\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/seventeen-nalanda-masters\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Nalanda Masters<\/a>, also one of the <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Six Ornaments; &#20845;&#33674;&#22196;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3923;&#3851;&#3921;&#4018;&#3956;&#3906;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (gyen druk); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rgyan drug&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Six Ornaments are six great Indian commentators on Buddha&rsquo;s teachings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Nagarjuna&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Aryadeva&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Asanga&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vasubandhu&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dignaga&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dharmakirti&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#20845;&#33674;&#22196;&#26159;&#20845;&#20301;&#21360;&#24230;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#22823;&#24107;:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#40845;&#27193;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#32854;&#22825;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#28961;&#33879;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#19990;&#35242;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#38515;&#37027;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#27861;&#31281;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/six-ornaments\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/six-ornaments\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Six Ornaments<\/a>. With <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Asanga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#28961;&#33879;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3920;&#3964;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3962;&#3921; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(tog med); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;thogs med&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Asanga is the fourth century Indian founder of the Yogacara school of Mahayana Buddhism, one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of&nbsp; the Six Ornaments. The following works are agreed by scholars to be by Asa&#7749;ga: Mahayanasamgraha (Summary of the Great Vehicle), Abhidharma-samuccaya,&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#28961;&#33879;&#26159;&#21476;&#21360;&#24230;&#20315;&#25945;&#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#21807;&#35672;&#23416;&#27966;&#39640;&#20711;&#65292;&#37027;&#29211;&#38464;&#21313;&#19971;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#20845;&#33674;&#22196;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;&#12298;&#25885;&#22823;&#20056;&#35542;&#12299;&#65292;&#12298;&#22823;&#20056;&#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;&#38598;&#35542;&#12299;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/asanga\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/asanga\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Asanga<\/a>, he was one of the founders of the <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Chittamatra, Mind Only School&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21807;&#35672;&#27966;, &#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3939;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4017;&#3964;&#3938;&#3851;&#3942;&#4004;&#4017;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(mal byor spyod pa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3929;&#3928;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (semtsampa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rnal &amp;#039;byor spyod pa, sems tsam pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yog&#257;c&#257;ra, Cittam&#257;tra, Vij&ntilde;&#257;nav&#257;da&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Chittamatra &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;is one of the two major Mahayana philosophical schools, founded in India by the brothers Asanga and Vasubandhu in the fourth century. Its central doctrine holds that all perceived external phenomena are merely projections of consciousness, with no independently existing matter outside the mind. The school posits a foundational consciousness that stores all karmic imprints and habitual tendencies. Through systematic meditative practice, the practitioner purifies this consciousness and gradually transforms the eight layers of consciousness into the four types of enlightened wisdom. The school&amp;#039;s extensive analysis of mental processes has profoundly influenced all subsequent Buddhist traditions.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Traditional Chinese Explanation:\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21807;&#35672;&#27966; \/ &#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#27966; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20841;&#22823;&#20027;&#35201;&#23416;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#30001;&#28961;&#33879;&#33287;&#19990;&#35242;&#20841;&#20804;&#24351;&#26044;&#35199;&#20803;&#22235;&#19990;&#32000;&#22312;&#21360;&#24230;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290;&#20854;&#26680;&#24515;&#25945;&#32681;&#20027;&#24373;&#19968;&#20999;&#22806;&#22312;&#29694;&#35937;&#30342;&#21482;&#26159;&#24515;&#35672;&#30340;&#35722;&#29694;&#65292;&#38626;&#38283;&#24515;&#35672;&#20043;&#22806;&#20006;&#28961;&#29544;&#31435;&#23526;&#23384;&#30340;&#23458;&#35264;&#29289;&#36074;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#24314;&#31435;&#20102;&#19968;&#31278;&#26681;&#26412;&#35672;&#65292;&#20316;&#28858;&#19968;&#20999;&#26989;&#21147;&#31278;&#23376;&#33287;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#20786;&#34255;&#25152;&#12290;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#36879;&#36942;&#31995;&#32113;&#24615;&#30340;&#31146;&#20462;&#35347;&#32244;&#65292;&#36880;&#27493;&#28136;&#21270;&#27492;&#35672;&#65292;&#20006;&#23559;&#20843;&#31278;&#24515;&#35672;&#23652;&#27425;&#36681;&#21270;&#28858;&#22235;&#31278;&#28165;&#28136;&#26234;&#24935;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#23565;&#26044;&#24515;&#35672;&#36939;&#20316;&#30340;&#32048;&#32251;&#20998;&#26512;&#65292;&#23565;&#24460;&#32396;&#25152;&#26377;&#20315;&#25945;&#20659;&#32113;&#30342;&#29986;&#29983;&#20102;&#28145;&#36960;&#30340;&#24433;&#38911;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/chittamatra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/chittamatra\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Yogacara<\/a> school. He was author of <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Abhidharmakosha, Treasury of Knowledge; &#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;&#20465;&#33293;&#35542;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;tibetan&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3908;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3928;&#3931;&#3964;&#3921; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(ch&ouml; ngon pa dz&ouml;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos mngon pa&amp;#039;i mdzod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Abhidharmakosha, Abhidharmakosakarika&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Treasury of Abhidharmakosha, Abhidharmakosakarika, Treasury of Knowledge, is a monumental fourth-century treatise composed by the Indian master Vasubandhu. Written in approximately six hundred verse stanzas together with the author&amp;#039;s own prose commentary, it serves as a comprehensive encyclopaedia of early Buddhist phenomenology, cosmology, and psychology. The work synthesises the Abhidharma traditions of the Sarv&#257;stiv&#257;da school, presenting a systematic map of reality that begins with the fundamental constituents of mind and matter and progresses through the structure of the cosmos, the workings of karma, the nature of mental defilements, and the stages of the path to liberation. Its eight chapters move from the most basic building blocks of existence to the highest meditative attainments, providing a complete framework for understanding both the world and the path that leads beyond it. In the Gelug monastic curriculum, this text is one of the five principal treatises and serves as the foundation for the study of Buddhist phenomenology.&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;&#20465;&#33293;&#35542;&#12298;&#20465;&#33293;&#35542;&#12299;&#28858;&#35199;&#20803;&#22235;&#19990;&#32000;&#21360;&#24230;&#35542;&#24107;&#19990;&#35242;&#25152;&#36896;&#30340;&#19981;&#26429;&#37445;&#33879;&#12290;&#20840;&#35542;&#20197;&#32004;&#20845;&#30334;&#38924;&#30340;&#20552;&#38924;&#39636;&#65292;&#21152;&#19978;&#19990;&#35242;&#33258;&#25776;&#30340;&#38263;&#34892;&#35387;&#37323;&#65292;&#27083;&#25104;&#19968;&#37096;&#28085;&#33995;&#26089;&#26399;&#20315;&#25945;&#29694;&#35937;&#23416;&#12289;&#23431;&#23449;&#35542;&#33287;&#24515;&#29702;&#23416;&#30340;&#27402;&#23041;&#30334;&#31185;&#20840;&#26360;&#12290;&#26412;&#35542;&#32156;&#21512;&#20102;&#35498;&#19968;&#20999;&#26377;&#37096;&#30340;&#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;&#20659;&#32113;&#65292;&#31995;&#32113;&#24615;&#22320;&#21576;&#29694;&#20102;&#23436;&#25972;&#30340;&#23526;&#30456;&#22320;&#22294;&mdash;&mdash;&#24478;&#24515;&#33287;&#29289;&#30340;&#22522;&#26412;&#27083;&#25104;&#35201;&#32032;&#38283;&#22987;&#65292;&#36914;&#32780;&#25506;&#35342;&#23431;&#23449;&#30340;&#32080;&#27083;&#12289;&#26989;&#21147;&#30340;&#36939;&#20316;&#12289;&#29033;&#24817;&#30340;&#24615;&#36074;&#65292;&#20035;&#33267;&#35299;&#33067;&#36947;&#30340;&#20462;&#34892;&#27425;&#31532;&#12290;&#20840;&#35542;&#20843;&#21697;&#65292;&#24478;&#23384;&#22312;&#30340;&#26368;&#22522;&#26412;&#20803;&#32032;&#65292;&#36880;&#27493;&#25512;&#36914;&#33267;&#26368;&#39640;&#30340;&#31146;&#23450;&#25104;&#23601;&#65292;&#28858;&#29702;&#35299;&#19990;&#30028;&#21450;&#36229;&#36234;&#19990;&#30028;&#30340;&#36947;&#36335;&#25552;&#20379;&#20102;&#23436;&#25972;&#30340;&#29702;&#35542;&#26694;&#26550;&#12290;&#22312;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#23546;&#38498;&#25945;&#32946;&#20013;&#65292;&#27492;&#35542;&#34987;&#21015;&#28858;&#20116;&#37096;&#22823;&#35542;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#26159;&#30740;&#32722;&#20315;&#25945;&#29694;&#35937;&#23416;&#30340;&#26681;&#26412;&#20381;&#25818;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/abhidharmakosha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/abhidharmakosha\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Abhidharmakosakarika<\/a> (&laquo;&nbsp;Commentary on the Treasury of the <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=&#039;cmtt-audio-player &#039;&gt;&lt;a class=&#039;wp-embedded-audio&#039; href=&#039;http:\/\/en&#039;&gt;en&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;div class=&amp;quot;clear&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Abhidharma \/ Higher Knowledge \/ Phenomenology; &#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;, &#35542;&#34255;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3908;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;, &#3928;&#3908;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(cho ngon pa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos mngon pa, mngon pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Abhidharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Abhidharma means meta teaching or transcending principles.&nbsp; It is the third of the Three Pitakas (Sutra, Vinaya and Adhidharma).&nbsp; It is a collection of ancient Buddhist texts that are summaries, abstracts, systematic classification and lists of material that appear in Sutras.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;It presents a comprehensive and technical classification of all phenomena, breaking down experience into its fundamental constituents such as the five aggregates, twelve sense bases, and eighteen elements. The Abhidharma literature provides a detailed map of the mind, its mental factors, and the laws of causality governing mental and physical processes. Its study is essential for understanding the nature of existence, the stages of the path, and the precise workings of karma. While initially developed within early Buddhist traditions, the Abhidharma framework was further refined in Mahayana schools, with Vasubandhu&amp;#039;s Treasury of Abhidharma becoming the definitive reference text studied in Tibetan monastic universities.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#35542;&#34255;&#26159;&#20315;&#25945;&#19977;&#34255;(&#32147;&#34255;&#12289;&#24459;&#34255;&#12289;&#35542;&#34255;)&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#20027;&#35201;&#20316;&#28858;&#20315;&#25945;&#25945;&#32681;&#30340;&#27880;&#35299;&#12289;&#35299;&#37323;&#12289;&#20998;&#21029;&#32147;&#34255;&#30340;&#20998;&#26512;&#26041;&#27861;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23427;&#20197;&#35443;&#32048;&#19988;&#20855;&#39640;&#24230;&#25216;&#34899;&#24615;&#30340;&#20998;&#39006;&#26041;&#24335;&#35299;&#26512;&#19968;&#20999;&#29694;&#35937;&#65292;&#23559;&#32147;&#39511;&#19990;&#30028;&#25286;&#35299;&#28858;&#20116;&#34314;&#12289;&#21313;&#20108;&#34389;&#12289;&#21313;&#20843;&#30028;&#31561;&#22522;&#26412;&#27083;&#25104;&#35201;&#32032;&#12290;&#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;&#25991;&#29563;&#25552;&#20379;&#20102;&#35443;&#30433;&#30340;&#24515;&#35672;&#22320;&#22294;&#65292;&#28085;&#33995;&#24515;&#29579;&#12289;&#24515;&#25152;&#27861;&#20197;&#21450;&#36523;&#24515;&#36939;&#20316;&#30340;&#22240;&#26524;&#27861;&#21063;&#12290;&#30740;&#32722;&#27492;&#23416;&#26377;&#21161;&#26044;&#29702;&#35299;&#23384;&#22312;&#30340;&#26412;&#36074;&#12289;&#20462;&#36947;&#30340;&#27425;&#31532;&#65292;&#20197;&#21450;&#26989;&#21147;&#36939;&#20316;&#30340;&#31934;&#30906;&#27231;&#21046;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#38272;&#26368;&#21021;&#30332;&#23637;&#26044;&#26089;&#26399;&#20315;&#25945;&#21508;&#37096;&#27966;&#65292;&#24460;&#32147;&#22823;&#20056;&#23416;&#27966;&#36914;&#19968;&#27493;&#28145;&#21270;&#65292;&#20854;&#20013;&#19990;&#35242;&#25152;&#36896;&#12298;&#20465;&#33293;&#35542;&#12299;&#34987;&#34255;&#20659;&#20315;&#25945;&#23546;&#38498;&#22823;&#23416;&#21015;&#28858;&#26681;&#26412;&#35542;&#20856;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/abhidharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/abhidharma\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Abhidharma<\/a>&nbsp;&raquo;).<\/p>\n<p>&#19990;&#35242;&#26159;&#21271;&#21360;&#24230; &#21644;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Asanga&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#28961;&#33879;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan:&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &#3920;&#3964;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3962;&#3921; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(tog med); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;thogs med&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Asanga is the fourth century Indian founder of the Yogacara school of Mahayana Buddhism, one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of&nbsp; the Six Ornaments. The following works are agreed by scholars to be by Asa&#7749;ga: Mahayanasamgraha (Summary of the Great Vehicle), Abhidharma-samuccaya,&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#28961;&#33879;&#26159;&#21476;&#21360;&#24230;&#20315;&#25945;&#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#21807;&#35672;&#23416;&#27966;&#39640;&#20711;&#65292;&#37027;&#29211;&#38464;&#21313;&#19971;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#20845;&#33674;&#22196;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;&#12298;&#25885;&#22823;&#20056;&#35542;&#12299;&#65292;&#12298;&#22823;&#20056;&#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;&#38598;&#35542;&#12299;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/asanga\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/asanga\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#28961;&#33879;<\/a>&#21516;&#28858;&#21476;&#21360;&#24230;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Chittamatra, Mind Only School&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21807;&#35672;&#27966;, &#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3939;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4017;&#3964;&#3938;&#3851;&#3942;&#4004;&#4017;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(mal byor spyod pa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3929;&#3928;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (semtsampa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rnal &amp;#039;byor spyod pa, sems tsam pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yog&#257;c&#257;ra, Cittam&#257;tra, Vij&ntilde;&#257;nav&#257;da&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Chittamatra &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;is one of the two major Mahayana philosophical schools, founded in India by the brothers Asanga and Vasubandhu in the fourth century. Its central doctrine holds that all perceived external phenomena are merely projections of consciousness, with no independently existing matter outside the mind. The school posits a foundational consciousness that stores all karmic imprints and habitual tendencies. Through systematic meditative practice, the practitioner purifies this consciousness and gradually transforms the eight layers of consciousness into the four types of enlightened wisdom. The school&amp;#039;s extensive analysis of mental processes has profoundly influenced all subsequent Buddhist traditions.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Traditional Chinese Explanation:\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21807;&#35672;&#27966; \/ &#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#27966; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20841;&#22823;&#20027;&#35201;&#23416;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#30001;&#28961;&#33879;&#33287;&#19990;&#35242;&#20841;&#20804;&#24351;&#26044;&#35199;&#20803;&#22235;&#19990;&#32000;&#22312;&#21360;&#24230;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290;&#20854;&#26680;&#24515;&#25945;&#32681;&#20027;&#24373;&#19968;&#20999;&#22806;&#22312;&#29694;&#35937;&#30342;&#21482;&#26159;&#24515;&#35672;&#30340;&#35722;&#29694;&#65292;&#38626;&#38283;&#24515;&#35672;&#20043;&#22806;&#20006;&#28961;&#29544;&#31435;&#23526;&#23384;&#30340;&#23458;&#35264;&#29289;&#36074;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#24314;&#31435;&#20102;&#19968;&#31278;&#26681;&#26412;&#35672;&#65292;&#20316;&#28858;&#19968;&#20999;&#26989;&#21147;&#31278;&#23376;&#33287;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#20786;&#34255;&#25152;&#12290;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#36879;&#36942;&#31995;&#32113;&#24615;&#30340;&#31146;&#20462;&#35347;&#32244;&#65292;&#36880;&#27493;&#28136;&#21270;&#27492;&#35672;&#65292;&#20006;&#23559;&#20843;&#31278;&#24515;&#35672;&#23652;&#27425;&#36681;&#21270;&#28858;&#22235;&#31278;&#28165;&#28136;&#26234;&#24935;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#23565;&#26044;&#24515;&#35672;&#36939;&#20316;&#30340;&#32048;&#32251;&#20998;&#26512;&#65292;&#23565;&#24460;&#32396;&#25152;&#26377;&#20315;&#25945;&#20659;&#32113;&#30342;&#29986;&#29983;&#20102;&#28145;&#36960;&#30340;&#24433;&#38911;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/chittamatra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/chittamatra\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#29788;&#20285;&#34892;<\/a><a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Chittamatra, Mind Only School&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21807;&#35672;&#27966;, &#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3939;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4017;&#3964;&#3938;&#3851;&#3942;&#4004;&#4017;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(mal byor spyod pa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3929;&#3928;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (semtsampa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rnal &amp;#039;byor spyod pa, sems tsam pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yog&#257;c&#257;ra, Cittam&#257;tra, Vij&ntilde;&#257;nav&#257;da&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Chittamatra &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;is one of the two major Mahayana philosophical schools, founded in India by the brothers Asanga and Vasubandhu in the fourth century. Its central doctrine holds that all perceived external phenomena are merely projections of consciousness, with no independently existing matter outside the mind. The school posits a foundational consciousness that stores all karmic imprints and habitual tendencies. Through systematic meditative practice, the practitioner purifies this consciousness and gradually transforms the eight layers of consciousness into the four types of enlightened wisdom. The school&amp;#039;s extensive analysis of mental processes has profoundly influenced all subsequent Buddhist traditions.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Traditional Chinese Explanation:\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21807;&#35672;&#27966; \/ &#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#27966; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20841;&#22823;&#20027;&#35201;&#23416;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#30001;&#28961;&#33879;&#33287;&#19990;&#35242;&#20841;&#20804;&#24351;&#26044;&#35199;&#20803;&#22235;&#19990;&#32000;&#22312;&#21360;&#24230;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290;&#20854;&#26680;&#24515;&#25945;&#32681;&#20027;&#24373;&#19968;&#20999;&#22806;&#22312;&#29694;&#35937;&#30342;&#21482;&#26159;&#24515;&#35672;&#30340;&#35722;&#29694;&#65292;&#38626;&#38283;&#24515;&#35672;&#20043;&#22806;&#20006;&#28961;&#29544;&#31435;&#23526;&#23384;&#30340;&#23458;&#35264;&#29289;&#36074;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#24314;&#31435;&#20102;&#19968;&#31278;&#26681;&#26412;&#35672;&#65292;&#20316;&#28858;&#19968;&#20999;&#26989;&#21147;&#31278;&#23376;&#33287;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#20786;&#34255;&#25152;&#12290;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#36879;&#36942;&#31995;&#32113;&#24615;&#30340;&#31146;&#20462;&#35347;&#32244;&#65292;&#36880;&#27493;&#28136;&#21270;&#27492;&#35672;&#65292;&#20006;&#23559;&#20843;&#31278;&#24515;&#35672;&#23652;&#27425;&#36681;&#21270;&#28858;&#22235;&#31278;&#28165;&#28136;&#26234;&#24935;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#23565;&#26044;&#24515;&#35672;&#36939;&#20316;&#30340;&#32048;&#32251;&#20998;&#26512;&#65292;&#23565;&#24460;&#32396;&#25152;&#26377;&#20315;&#25945;&#20659;&#32113;&#30342;&#29986;&#29983;&#20102;&#28145;&#36960;&#30340;&#24433;&#38911;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/chittamatra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/chittamatra\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#21807;&#35672;<\/a>&#23416;&#27966;&#21109;&#22987;&#20154;&#65292;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Seventeen Nalanda Masters&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#19971;&#37027;&#29211;&#38464;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Seventeen great Indian panditas associated with Nalanda monastery:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Nagarjuna &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3904;&#4019;&#3956;&#3851;&#3942;&#3986;&#4018;&#3956;&#3926;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#40845;&#27193;&#33769;&#34217;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Aryadeva &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3925;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3939;&#4023;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#25552;&#23110;, &#32854;&#22825;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Buddhapalita &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#20315;&#35703;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Bhavaviveka &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4017;&#3962;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#28165;&#36776;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Chandrakirti &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3935;&#4019;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#26376;&#31281;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Shantideva &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3934;&#3954;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3939;&#4023;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#23490;&#22825;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Shantarakshita &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3934;&#3954;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3936;&#3930;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#23490;&#35703;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Kamalashila &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3924;&#3921;&#4008;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3908;&#3908;&#3851;&#3930;&#3956;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#34030;&#33457;&#25106;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Asanga &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3964;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3962;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#28961;&#33879;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vasubandhu &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3954;&#3906;&#3851;&#3906;&#3913;&#3962;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#19990;&#35242;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dignaga &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3925;&#4017;&#3964;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3904;&#4017;&#3954;&#3851;&#3906;&#4019;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#38515;&#37027;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dharmakirti &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3904;&#4017;&#3954;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#27861;&#31281;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Arya Vimuktisena &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3925;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&#3939;&#3851;&#3942;&#4001;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#32854;&#35299;&#33067;&#36557;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Haribhadra &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3962;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#3962;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#24107;&#23376;&#36066;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Gunaprabha &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3936;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#21151;&#24503;&#20809;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Shakyaprabha &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3953;&#3904;&#4017;&#3851;&#3936;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#37323;&#36838;&#20809;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Atisha &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3944;&#3851;&#3919;&#3954;&#3851;&#3940;&#3851;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#38463;&#24213;&#23805;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/seventeen-nalanda-masters\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/seventeen-nalanda-masters\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#37027;&#29211;&#38464;<\/a>&#21313;&#19971;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pandita, Learned one; &#23416;&#32773;, &#29677;&#26234;&#36948; (&#20811;&#24052;)&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3905;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (khepa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkhas pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pandita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Pandita is a scholar who has mastered the five sciences in Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&#26159;&#23416;&#35672;&#28149;&#21338;&#31934;&#36890;&#20116;&#26126;&#30340;&#22823;&#23416;&#32773;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/pandita\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/pandita\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;<\/a>&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Six Ornaments; &#20845;&#33674;&#22196;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3923;&#3851;&#3921;&#4018;&#3956;&#3906;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (gyen druk); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rgyan drug&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Six Ornaments are six great Indian commentators on Buddha&rsquo;s teachings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Nagarjuna&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Aryadeva&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Asanga&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vasubandhu&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dignaga&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dharmakirti&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#20845;&#33674;&#22196;&#26159;&#20845;&#20301;&#21360;&#24230;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#22823;&#24107;:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#40845;&#27193;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#32854;&#22825;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#28961;&#33879;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#19990;&#35242;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#38515;&#37027;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#27861;&#31281;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/six-ornaments\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/six-ornaments\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20845;&#33674;&#22196;<\/a>&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#26368;&#37325;&#35201;&#30340;&#33879;&#20316;&#28858;&#38463;&#27607;&#36948;&#30952;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Abhidharmakosha, Treasury of Knowledge; &#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;&#20465;&#33293;&#35542;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan:&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;tibetan&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3908;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3928;&#3931;&#3964;&#3921; &amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(ch&ouml; ngon pa dz&ouml;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;chos mngon pa&amp;#039;i mdzod&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Abhidharmakosha, Abhidharmakosakarika&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Treasury of Abhidharmakosha, Abhidharmakosakarika, Treasury of Knowledge, is a monumental fourth-century treatise composed by the Indian master Vasubandhu. Written in approximately six hundred verse stanzas together with the author&amp;#039;s own prose commentary, it serves as a comprehensive encyclopaedia of early Buddhist phenomenology, cosmology, and psychology. The work synthesises the Abhidharma traditions of the Sarv&#257;stiv&#257;da school, presenting a systematic map of reality that begins with the fundamental constituents of mind and matter and progresses through the structure of the cosmos, the workings of karma, the nature of mental defilements, and the stages of the path to liberation. Its eight chapters move from the most basic building blocks of existence to the highest meditative attainments, providing a complete framework for understanding both the world and the path that leads beyond it. In the Gelug monastic curriculum, this text is one of the five principal treatises and serves as the foundation for the study of Buddhist phenomenology.&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p class=&amp;quot;ds-markdown-paragraph&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;&#20465;&#33293;&#35542;&#12298;&#20465;&#33293;&#35542;&#12299;&#28858;&#35199;&#20803;&#22235;&#19990;&#32000;&#21360;&#24230;&#35542;&#24107;&#19990;&#35242;&#25152;&#36896;&#30340;&#19981;&#26429;&#37445;&#33879;&#12290;&#20840;&#35542;&#20197;&#32004;&#20845;&#30334;&#38924;&#30340;&#20552;&#38924;&#39636;&#65292;&#21152;&#19978;&#19990;&#35242;&#33258;&#25776;&#30340;&#38263;&#34892;&#35387;&#37323;&#65292;&#27083;&#25104;&#19968;&#37096;&#28085;&#33995;&#26089;&#26399;&#20315;&#25945;&#29694;&#35937;&#23416;&#12289;&#23431;&#23449;&#35542;&#33287;&#24515;&#29702;&#23416;&#30340;&#27402;&#23041;&#30334;&#31185;&#20840;&#26360;&#12290;&#26412;&#35542;&#32156;&#21512;&#20102;&#35498;&#19968;&#20999;&#26377;&#37096;&#30340;&#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;&#20659;&#32113;&#65292;&#31995;&#32113;&#24615;&#22320;&#21576;&#29694;&#20102;&#23436;&#25972;&#30340;&#23526;&#30456;&#22320;&#22294;&mdash;&mdash;&#24478;&#24515;&#33287;&#29289;&#30340;&#22522;&#26412;&#27083;&#25104;&#35201;&#32032;&#38283;&#22987;&#65292;&#36914;&#32780;&#25506;&#35342;&#23431;&#23449;&#30340;&#32080;&#27083;&#12289;&#26989;&#21147;&#30340;&#36939;&#20316;&#12289;&#29033;&#24817;&#30340;&#24615;&#36074;&#65292;&#20035;&#33267;&#35299;&#33067;&#36947;&#30340;&#20462;&#34892;&#27425;&#31532;&#12290;&#20840;&#35542;&#20843;&#21697;&#65292;&#24478;&#23384;&#22312;&#30340;&#26368;&#22522;&#26412;&#20803;&#32032;&#65292;&#36880;&#27493;&#25512;&#36914;&#33267;&#26368;&#39640;&#30340;&#31146;&#23450;&#25104;&#23601;&#65292;&#28858;&#29702;&#35299;&#19990;&#30028;&#21450;&#36229;&#36234;&#19990;&#30028;&#30340;&#36947;&#36335;&#25552;&#20379;&#20102;&#23436;&#25972;&#30340;&#29702;&#35542;&#26694;&#26550;&#12290;&#22312;&#26684;&#39791;&#27966;&#23546;&#38498;&#25945;&#32946;&#20013;&#65292;&#27492;&#35542;&#34987;&#21015;&#28858;&#20116;&#37096;&#22823;&#35542;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#26159;&#30740;&#32722;&#20315;&#25945;&#29694;&#35937;&#23416;&#30340;&#26681;&#26412;&#20381;&#25818;&#12290;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/abhidharmakosha\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/abhidharmakosha\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20465;&#33293;&#35542;<\/a>&#12290;<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/0304.gosokrinpoche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Vasubandhu.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"291\" height=\"338\"\/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vasubandhu; \u4e16\u89aa (\u5a46\u85ea\u76e4\u8c46);\u00a0\u00a0Tibetan: \u0f51\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f42\u0f49\u0f7a\u0f53 (dbyig gnyen); Wylie: dbyig gnyen; Vasubandhu was a 4th to 5th century Indian Buddhist monk, one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of the Six Ornaments. With Asanga, he was one of the founders of the Yogacara school. He was author of Abhidharmakosakarika (\u00ab\u00a0Commentary on the Treasury of the Abhidharma\u00a0\u00bb). [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"glossary-categories":[819,820],"glossary-tags":[824],"glossary-languages":[],"class_list":["post-86048","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","hentry","glossary-categories-buddhism-","glossary-categories-tibetan-","glossary-tags-famous-buddhist-"],"post_title":"\u0f51\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f42\u0f49\u0f7a\u0f53","post_content":"<strong>Vasubandhu; \u4e16\u89aa (\u5a46\u85ea\u76e4\u8c46);\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>Tibetan: <strong>\u0f51\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f42\u0f49\u0f7a\u0f53<\/strong> (dbyig gnyen); Wylie: <strong>dbyig gnyen<\/strong>;\r\n\r\nVasubandhu was a 4th to 5th century Indian Buddhist monk, one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of the Six Ornaments. With Asanga, he was one of the founders of the Yogacara school. He was author of Abhidharmakosakarika (\"Commentary on the Treasury of the Abhidharma\").\r\n\r\n\u4e16\u89aa\u662f\u5317\u5370\u5ea6 \u548c\u7121\u8457\u540c\u70ba\u53e4\u5370\u5ea6\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u552f\u8b58\u5b78\u6d3e\u5275\u59cb\u4eba\uff0c\u90a3\u721b\u9640\u5341\u4e03\u73ed\u667a\u9054\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u516d\u838a\u56b4\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u70ba\u963f\u6bd7\u9054\u78e8\u4ff1\u820d\u8ad6\u3002\r\n\r\n<img src=\"https:\/\/0304.gosokrinpoche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Vasubandhu.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"291\" height=\"338\" \/>","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0f51\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f42\u0f49\u0f7a\u0f53 - Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche Global Website<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/vasubandhu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0f51\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f42\u0f49\u0f7a\u0f53 - Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche Global Website\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Vasubandhu; \u4e16\u89aa (\u5a46\u85ea\u76e4\u8c46);\u00a0\u00a0Tibetan: \u0f51\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f42\u0f49\u0f7a\u0f53 (dbyig gnyen); Wylie: dbyig gnyen; Vasubandhu was a 4th to 5th century Indian Buddhist monk, one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of the Six Ornaments. With Asanga, he was one of the founders of the Yogacara school. He was author of Abhidharmakosakarika (\u00ab\u00a0Commentary on the Treasury of the Abhidharma\u00a0\u00bb). 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