{"id":84968,"date":"2024-08-26T20:44:28","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T00:44:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/%e0%bd%90%e0%bd%bc%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%a6%e0%bc%8b%e0%bd%98%e0%bd%ba%e0%bd%91\/"},"modified":"2026-06-21T01:44:33","modified_gmt":"2026-06-21T05:44:33","slug":"asanga","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/asanga\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0f50\u0f7c\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7a\u0f51"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Asanga<\/strong>; <strong>&#28961;&#33879;;<\/strong> Tibetan:<strong> <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Hold; &#25345;&#26377;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#31361;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3964;&#3906;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tok);&nbsp; Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;thogs&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/%e0%bd%90%e0%bd%bc%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%a6\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/%e0%bd%90%e0%bd%bc%e0%bd%82%e0%bd%a6\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#3920;&#3964;&#3906;&#3942;<\/a>&#3851;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Does not exist&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#28961; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;(&#32654;); Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3962;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (me); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;med&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/does-not-exist\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/does-not-exist\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#3928;&#3962;&#3921;<\/a> <\/strong>(tog med); <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Wylie transliteration&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#23041;&#21033;&#36681;&#23531;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Wylie transliteration, designed by American Turrell V. Wylie in 1959, is a method for transliterating Tibetan script using only the letters available on a typical English-language typewriter. It precisely transcribes Tibetan script as written but does not represent the modern pronunciation of Tibetan words.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#23041;&#21033;&#36681;&#23531;&#26159;&#30001;&#29305;&#29790;&#29246;&middot;&#23041;&#21033;&#26044;1959&#24180;&#35373;&#35336;&#30340;&#19968;&#31278;&#34255;&#25991;&#36681;&#23531;&#31995;&#32113;, &#21482;&#29992;26&#20491;&#25289;&#19969;&#23383;&#27597;, &#20294;&#20006;&#19981;&#34920;&#29694;&#20195;&#34255;&#35486;&#30332;&#38899;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/wylie\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/wylie\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Wylie<\/a>: <strong>thogs med<\/strong>;<\/p>\n<p>Asanga is the fourth century Indian founder of the <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Chittamatra, Mind Only School&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21807;&#35672;&#27966;, &#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3939;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4017;&#3964;&#3938;&#3851;&#3942;&#4004;&#4017;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(mal byor spyod pa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3929;&#3928;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (semtsampa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rnal &amp;#039;byor spyod pa, sems tsam pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yog&#257;c&#257;ra, Cittam&#257;tra, Vij&ntilde;&#257;nav&#257;da&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Chittamatra &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;is one of the two major Mahayana philosophical schools, founded in India by the brothers Asanga and Vasubandhu in the fourth century. Its central doctrine holds that all perceived external phenomena are merely projections of consciousness, with no independently existing matter outside the mind. The school posits a foundational consciousness that stores all karmic imprints and habitual tendencies. Through systematic meditative practice, the practitioner purifies this consciousness and gradually transforms the eight layers of consciousness into the four types of enlightened wisdom. The school&amp;#039;s extensive analysis of mental processes has profoundly influenced all subsequent Buddhist traditions.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Traditional Chinese Explanation:\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21807;&#35672;&#27966; \/ &#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#27966; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20841;&#22823;&#20027;&#35201;&#23416;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#30001;&#28961;&#33879;&#33287;&#19990;&#35242;&#20841;&#20804;&#24351;&#26044;&#35199;&#20803;&#22235;&#19990;&#32000;&#22312;&#21360;&#24230;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290;&#20854;&#26680;&#24515;&#25945;&#32681;&#20027;&#24373;&#19968;&#20999;&#22806;&#22312;&#29694;&#35937;&#30342;&#21482;&#26159;&#24515;&#35672;&#30340;&#35722;&#29694;&#65292;&#38626;&#38283;&#24515;&#35672;&#20043;&#22806;&#20006;&#28961;&#29544;&#31435;&#23526;&#23384;&#30340;&#23458;&#35264;&#29289;&#36074;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#24314;&#31435;&#20102;&#19968;&#31278;&#26681;&#26412;&#35672;&#65292;&#20316;&#28858;&#19968;&#20999;&#26989;&#21147;&#31278;&#23376;&#33287;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#20786;&#34255;&#25152;&#12290;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#36879;&#36942;&#31995;&#32113;&#24615;&#30340;&#31146;&#20462;&#35347;&#32244;&#65292;&#36880;&#27493;&#28136;&#21270;&#27492;&#35672;&#65292;&#20006;&#23559;&#20843;&#31278;&#24515;&#35672;&#23652;&#27425;&#36681;&#21270;&#28858;&#22235;&#31278;&#28165;&#28136;&#26234;&#24935;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#23565;&#26044;&#24515;&#35672;&#36939;&#20316;&#30340;&#32048;&#32251;&#20998;&#26512;&#65292;&#23565;&#24460;&#32396;&#25152;&#26377;&#20315;&#25945;&#20659;&#32113;&#30342;&#29986;&#29983;&#20102;&#28145;&#36960;&#30340;&#24433;&#38911;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/chittamatra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/chittamatra\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Yogacara<\/a> school of <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana, Great vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;, &#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24503;&#24052;&#21315;&#27874;, &#24503;&#21315;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tekpa chenpo), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(tek chen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa chen po,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg chen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Mahayana means great vehicle of mind, the aspiration to attain buddhahood, find liberation from suffering for the benefits for all beings.&nbsp;Two main branches within Mahayana are Madhyamaka and Chittamatra.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Classical texts for Mahayana include Avatamsaka Sutra, Prajnaparamita Sutra and treatises by Nagarjuna and Asanga.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#25552;&#20513;&#24351;&#23376;&#20197;&#20315;&#38464;&#28858;&#27036;&#27171;&#65292;&#20197;&#33258;&#21033;&#21033;&#20182;&#25104;&#23601;&#20315;&#26524;&#30340;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#30526;&#29983;&#35299;&#33067;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/mahayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/mahayana\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Mahayana<\/a> Buddhism, one of the Seventeen <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Seventeen Nalanda Masters&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#19971;&#37027;&#29211;&#38464;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Seventeen great Indian panditas associated with Nalanda monastery:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Nagarjuna &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3904;&#4019;&#3956;&#3851;&#3942;&#3986;&#4018;&#3956;&#3926;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#40845;&#27193;&#33769;&#34217;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Aryadeva &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3925;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3939;&#4023;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#25552;&#23110;, &#32854;&#22825;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Buddhapalita &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#20315;&#35703;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Bhavaviveka &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4017;&#3962;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#28165;&#36776;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Chandrakirti &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3935;&#4019;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#26376;&#31281;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Shantideva &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3934;&#3954;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3939;&#4023;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#23490;&#22825;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Shantarakshita &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3934;&#3954;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3936;&#3930;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#23490;&#35703;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Kamalashila &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3924;&#3921;&#4008;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3908;&#3908;&#3851;&#3930;&#3956;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#34030;&#33457;&#25106;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Asanga &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3964;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3962;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#28961;&#33879;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vasubandhu &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3954;&#3906;&#3851;&#3906;&#3913;&#3962;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#19990;&#35242;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dignaga &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3925;&#4017;&#3964;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3904;&#4017;&#3954;&#3851;&#3906;&#4019;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#38515;&#37027;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dharmakirti &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3904;&#4017;&#3954;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#27861;&#31281;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Arya Vimuktisena &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3925;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&#3939;&#3851;&#3942;&#4001;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#32854;&#35299;&#33067;&#36557;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Haribhadra &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3962;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#3962;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#24107;&#23376;&#36066;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Gunaprabha &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3936;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#21151;&#24503;&#20809;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Shakyaprabha &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3953;&#3904;&#4017;&#3851;&#3936;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#37323;&#36838;&#20809;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Atisha &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3944;&#3851;&#3919;&#3954;&#3851;&#3940;&#3851;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#38463;&#24213;&#23805;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/seventeen-nalanda-masters\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/seventeen-nalanda-masters\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Nalanda Masters<\/a>, also one of&nbsp; the <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Six Ornaments; &#20845;&#33674;&#22196;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3923;&#3851;&#3921;&#4018;&#3956;&#3906;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (gyen druk); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rgyan drug&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Six Ornaments are six great Indian commentators on Buddha&rsquo;s teachings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Nagarjuna&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Aryadeva&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Asanga&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vasubandhu&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dignaga&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dharmakirti&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#20845;&#33674;&#22196;&#26159;&#20845;&#20301;&#21360;&#24230;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#22823;&#24107;:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#40845;&#27193;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#32854;&#22825;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#28961;&#33879;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#19990;&#35242;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#38515;&#37027;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#27861;&#31281;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/six-ornaments\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/six-ornaments\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Six Ornaments<\/a>. The following works are agreed by scholars to be by Asa&#7749;ga: <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana, Great vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;, &#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24503;&#24052;&#21315;&#27874;, &#24503;&#21315;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tekpa chenpo), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(tek chen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa chen po,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg chen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Mahayana means great vehicle of mind, the aspiration to attain buddhahood, find liberation from suffering for the benefits for all beings.&nbsp;Two main branches within Mahayana are Madhyamaka and Chittamatra.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Classical texts for Mahayana include Avatamsaka Sutra, Prajnaparamita Sutra and treatises by Nagarjuna and Asanga.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#25552;&#20513;&#24351;&#23376;&#20197;&#20315;&#38464;&#28858;&#27036;&#27171;&#65292;&#20197;&#33258;&#21033;&#21033;&#20182;&#25104;&#23601;&#20315;&#26524;&#30340;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#30526;&#29983;&#35299;&#33067;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/mahayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/mahayana\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Mahayana<\/a>samgraha (Summary of the <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana, Great vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;, &#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24503;&#24052;&#21315;&#27874;, &#24503;&#21315;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tekpa chenpo), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(tek chen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa chen po,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg chen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Mahayana means great vehicle of mind, the aspiration to attain buddhahood, find liberation from suffering for the benefits for all beings.&nbsp;Two main branches within Mahayana are Madhyamaka and Chittamatra.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Classical texts for Mahayana include Avatamsaka Sutra, Prajnaparamita Sutra and treatises by Nagarjuna and Asanga.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#25552;&#20513;&#24351;&#23376;&#20197;&#20315;&#38464;&#28858;&#27036;&#27171;&#65292;&#20197;&#33258;&#21033;&#21033;&#20182;&#25104;&#23601;&#20315;&#26524;&#30340;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#30526;&#29983;&#35299;&#33067;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/mahayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/mahayana\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Great Vehicle<\/a>), <a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Compendium of Abhidharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;&#38598;&#35542;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3908;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3904;&#3956;&#3923;&#3851;&#3926;&#3919;&#3956;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (ngonpa kuntu); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mngon pa kun btus&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Abhidharmasamuccaya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Compendium of Abhidharma is a Buddhist text composed by Asa&#7749;ga. The Abhidharma-samuccaya is a systematic account of Abhidharma. It is one of the most important texts of the Yogacara school from a Mahayana, Chittamatra point of view.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;&#38598;&#35542;&#26159;&#28961;&#33879;&#33769;&#34217;&#36896;&#65292;&#21776;&#29572;&#22872;&#20013;&#25991;&#32763;&#35695;&#12290;&#26159;&#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#21807;&#35672;&#23416;&#27966;&#24517;&#35712;&#35542;&#26360;&#12290;&#20063;&#26159;&#23494;&#23447;&#30332;&#23637;&#30340;&#19968;&#37096;&#35542;&#20856;&#65292;&#28145;&#21463;&#35199;&#34255;&#23494;&#23447;&#37325;&#35222;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/compendium-of-abhidharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/compendium-of-abhidharma\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Abhidharma-samuccaya<\/a>,<\/p>\n<p>&#28961;&#33879;&#26159;&#21476;&#21360;&#24230;&#20315;&#25945;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Chittamatra, Mind Only School&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21807;&#35672;&#27966;, &#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3939;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4017;&#3964;&#3938;&#3851;&#3942;&#4004;&#4017;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(mal byor spyod pa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3929;&#3928;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (semtsampa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rnal &amp;#039;byor spyod pa, sems tsam pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yog&#257;c&#257;ra, Cittam&#257;tra, Vij&ntilde;&#257;nav&#257;da&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Chittamatra &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;is one of the two major Mahayana philosophical schools, founded in India by the brothers Asanga and Vasubandhu in the fourth century. Its central doctrine holds that all perceived external phenomena are merely projections of consciousness, with no independently existing matter outside the mind. The school posits a foundational consciousness that stores all karmic imprints and habitual tendencies. Through systematic meditative practice, the practitioner purifies this consciousness and gradually transforms the eight layers of consciousness into the four types of enlightened wisdom. The school&amp;#039;s extensive analysis of mental processes has profoundly influenced all subsequent Buddhist traditions.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Traditional Chinese Explanation:\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21807;&#35672;&#27966; \/ &#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#27966; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20841;&#22823;&#20027;&#35201;&#23416;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#30001;&#28961;&#33879;&#33287;&#19990;&#35242;&#20841;&#20804;&#24351;&#26044;&#35199;&#20803;&#22235;&#19990;&#32000;&#22312;&#21360;&#24230;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290;&#20854;&#26680;&#24515;&#25945;&#32681;&#20027;&#24373;&#19968;&#20999;&#22806;&#22312;&#29694;&#35937;&#30342;&#21482;&#26159;&#24515;&#35672;&#30340;&#35722;&#29694;&#65292;&#38626;&#38283;&#24515;&#35672;&#20043;&#22806;&#20006;&#28961;&#29544;&#31435;&#23526;&#23384;&#30340;&#23458;&#35264;&#29289;&#36074;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#24314;&#31435;&#20102;&#19968;&#31278;&#26681;&#26412;&#35672;&#65292;&#20316;&#28858;&#19968;&#20999;&#26989;&#21147;&#31278;&#23376;&#33287;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#20786;&#34255;&#25152;&#12290;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#36879;&#36942;&#31995;&#32113;&#24615;&#30340;&#31146;&#20462;&#35347;&#32244;&#65292;&#36880;&#27493;&#28136;&#21270;&#27492;&#35672;&#65292;&#20006;&#23559;&#20843;&#31278;&#24515;&#35672;&#23652;&#27425;&#36681;&#21270;&#28858;&#22235;&#31278;&#28165;&#28136;&#26234;&#24935;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#23565;&#26044;&#24515;&#35672;&#36939;&#20316;&#30340;&#32048;&#32251;&#20998;&#26512;&#65292;&#23565;&#24460;&#32396;&#25152;&#26377;&#20315;&#25945;&#20659;&#32113;&#30342;&#29986;&#29983;&#20102;&#28145;&#36960;&#30340;&#24433;&#38911;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/chittamatra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/chittamatra\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#29788;&#20285;&#34892;<\/a><a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Chittamatra, Mind Only School&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21807;&#35672;&#27966;, &#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#27966;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3938;&#4003;&#3939;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4017;&#3964;&#3938;&#3851;&#3942;&#4004;&#4017;&#3964;&#3921;&#3851;&#3924; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(mal byor spyod pa), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3962;&#3928;&#3942;&#3851;&#3929;&#3928;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; (semtsampa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rnal &amp;#039;byor spyod pa, sems tsam pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Yog&#257;c&#257;ra, Cittam&#257;tra, Vij&ntilde;&#257;nav&#257;da&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Chittamatra &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;is one of the two major Mahayana philosophical schools, founded in India by the brothers Asanga and Vasubandhu in the fourth century. Its central doctrine holds that all perceived external phenomena are merely projections of consciousness, with no independently existing matter outside the mind. The school posits a foundational consciousness that stores all karmic imprints and habitual tendencies. Through systematic meditative practice, the practitioner purifies this consciousness and gradually transforms the eight layers of consciousness into the four types of enlightened wisdom. The school&amp;#039;s extensive analysis of mental processes has profoundly influenced all subsequent Buddhist traditions.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Traditional Chinese Explanation:\n&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21807;&#35672;&#27966; \/ &#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#27966; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&#28858;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#20841;&#22823;&#20027;&#35201;&#23416;&#27966;&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#30001;&#28961;&#33879;&#33287;&#19990;&#35242;&#20841;&#20804;&#24351;&#26044;&#35199;&#20803;&#22235;&#19990;&#32000;&#22312;&#21360;&#24230;&#21109;&#31435;&#12290;&#20854;&#26680;&#24515;&#25945;&#32681;&#20027;&#24373;&#19968;&#20999;&#22806;&#22312;&#29694;&#35937;&#30342;&#21482;&#26159;&#24515;&#35672;&#30340;&#35722;&#29694;&#65292;&#38626;&#38283;&#24515;&#35672;&#20043;&#22806;&#20006;&#28961;&#29544;&#31435;&#23526;&#23384;&#30340;&#23458;&#35264;&#29289;&#36074;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#24314;&#31435;&#20102;&#19968;&#31278;&#26681;&#26412;&#35672;&#65292;&#20316;&#28858;&#19968;&#20999;&#26989;&#21147;&#31278;&#23376;&#33287;&#32722;&#27683;&#30340;&#20786;&#34255;&#25152;&#12290;&#20462;&#34892;&#32773;&#36879;&#36942;&#31995;&#32113;&#24615;&#30340;&#31146;&#20462;&#35347;&#32244;&#65292;&#36880;&#27493;&#28136;&#21270;&#27492;&#35672;&#65292;&#20006;&#23559;&#20843;&#31278;&#24515;&#35672;&#23652;&#27425;&#36681;&#21270;&#28858;&#22235;&#31278;&#28165;&#28136;&#26234;&#24935;&#12290;&#27492;&#23416;&#27966;&#23565;&#26044;&#24515;&#35672;&#36939;&#20316;&#30340;&#32048;&#32251;&#20998;&#26512;&#65292;&#23565;&#24460;&#32396;&#25152;&#26377;&#20315;&#25945;&#20659;&#32113;&#30342;&#29986;&#29983;&#20102;&#28145;&#36960;&#30340;&#24433;&#38911;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/chittamatra\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/chittamatra\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#21807;&#35672;<\/a>&#23416;&#27966;&#39640;&#20711;&#65292;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Seventeen Nalanda Masters&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#21313;&#19971;&#37027;&#29211;&#38464;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Seventeen great Indian panditas associated with Nalanda monastery:\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Nagarjuna &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3904;&#4019;&#3956;&#3851;&#3942;&#3986;&#4018;&#3956;&#3926;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#40845;&#27193;&#33769;&#34217;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Aryadeva &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3925;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3939;&#4023;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#25552;&#23110;, &#32854;&#22825;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Buddhapalita &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3908;&#3942;&#3851;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3942;&#3851;&#3926;&#3942;&#3984;&#4017;&#3908;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#20315;&#35703;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Bhavaviveka &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3939;&#3962;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3939;&#4001;&#3923;&#3851;&#3936;&#3926;&#4017;&#3962;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#28165;&#36776;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Chandrakirti &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3935;&#4019;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#26376;&#31281;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Shantideva &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3934;&#3954;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3939;&#4023;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#23490;&#22825;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Shantarakshita &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3934;&#3954;&#3851;&#3926;&#3851;&#3936;&#3930;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#23490;&#35703;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Kamalashila &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3924;&#3921;&#4008;&#3936;&#3954;&#3851;&#3908;&#3908;&#3851;&#3930;&#3956;&#3939;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#34030;&#33457;&#25106;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Asanga &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3964;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3928;&#3962;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#28961;&#33879;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vasubandhu &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3921;&#3926;&#4017;&#3954;&#3906;&#3851;&#3906;&#3913;&#3962;&#3923;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#19990;&#35242;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dignaga &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3925;&#4017;&#3964;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3904;&#4017;&#3954;&#3851;&#3906;&#4019;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#38515;&#37027;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dharmakirti &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3910;&#3964;&#3942;&#3851;&#3904;&#4017;&#3954;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#27861;&#31281;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Arya Vimuktisena &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3936;&#3925;&#3906;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3938;&#4003;&#3928;&#3851;&#3906;&#4018;&#3964;&#3939;&#3851;&#3942;&#4001;&#3962;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#32854;&#35299;&#33067;&#36557;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Haribhadra &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3942;&#3962;&#3908;&#3851;&#3906;&#3962;&#3851;&#3926;&#3935;&#3908;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#24107;&#23376;&#36066;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Gunaprabha &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3937;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3919;&#3923;&#3851;&#3936;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#21151;&#24503;&#20809;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Shakyaprabha &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3940;&#3953;&#3904;&#4017;&#3851;&#3936;&#3964;&#3921;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#37323;&#36838;&#20809;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n \t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Atisha &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 24px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3944;&#3851;&#3919;&#3954;&#3851;&#3940;&#3851;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt; &#38463;&#24213;&#23805;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/seventeen-nalanda-masters\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/seventeen-nalanda-masters\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#37027;&#29211;&#38464;<\/a>&#21313;&#19971;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pandita, Learned one; &#23416;&#32773;, &#29677;&#26234;&#36948; (&#20811;&#24052;)&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3905;&#3942;&#3851;&#3924;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (khepa); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mkhas pa&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Pandita&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Pandita is a scholar who has mastered the five sciences in Buddhism.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;&#26159;&#23416;&#35672;&#28149;&#21338;&#31934;&#36890;&#20116;&#26126;&#30340;&#22823;&#23416;&#32773;&#12290;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/pandita\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/pandita\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#29677;&#26234;&#36948;<\/a>&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Six Ornaments; &#20845;&#33674;&#22196;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;: &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3938;&#3986;&#4017;&#3923;&#3851;&#3921;&#4018;&#3956;&#3906;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (gyen druk); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;rgyan drug&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Six Ornaments are six great Indian commentators on Buddha&rsquo;s teachings:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Nagarjuna&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Aryadeva&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Asanga&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vasubandhu&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dignaga&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Dharmakirti&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#20845;&#33674;&#22196;&#26159;&#20845;&#20301;&#21360;&#24230;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#22823;&#24107;:&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#40845;&#27193;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#32854;&#22825;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#28961;&#33879;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#19990;&#35242;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#38515;&#37027;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#27861;&#31281;&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/six-ornaments\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/six-ornaments\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#20845;&#33674;&#22196;<\/a>&#20043;&#19968;&#65292;&#33879;&#20316;&#21253;&#25324;&#12298;&#25885;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana, Great vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;, &#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24503;&#24052;&#21315;&#27874;, &#24503;&#21315;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tekpa chenpo), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(tek chen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa chen po,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg chen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Mahayana means great vehicle of mind, the aspiration to attain buddhahood, find liberation from suffering for the benefits for all beings.&nbsp;Two main branches within Mahayana are Madhyamaka and Chittamatra.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Classical texts for Mahayana include Avatamsaka Sutra, Prajnaparamita Sutra and treatises by Nagarjuna and Asanga.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#25552;&#20513;&#24351;&#23376;&#20197;&#20315;&#38464;&#28858;&#27036;&#27171;&#65292;&#20197;&#33258;&#21033;&#21033;&#20182;&#25104;&#23601;&#20315;&#26524;&#30340;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#30526;&#29983;&#35299;&#33067;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/mahayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/mahayana\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#22823;&#20056;<\/a>&#35542;&#12299;&#65292;&#12298;<a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana, Great vehicle&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;, &#33769;&#34217;&#20056;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (&#24503;&#24052;&#21315;&#27874;, &#24503;&#21315;)&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3964;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (tekpa chenpo), &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#3920;&#3962;&#3906;&#3851;&#3910;&#3962;&#3923; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;(tek chen); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg pa chen po,&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;&nbsp;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;theg chen&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Mahayana&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Mahayana means great vehicle of mind, the aspiration to attain buddhahood, find liberation from suffering for the benefits for all beings.&nbsp;Two main branches within Mahayana are Madhyamaka and Chittamatra.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Classical texts for Mahayana include Avatamsaka Sutra, Prajnaparamita Sutra and treatises by Nagarjuna and Asanga.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#20315;&#25945;&#25552;&#20513;&#24351;&#23376;&#20197;&#20315;&#38464;&#28858;&#27036;&#27171;&#65292;&#20197;&#33258;&#21033;&#21033;&#20182;&#25104;&#23601;&#20315;&#26524;&#30340;&#33769;&#25552;&#24515;&#65292;&#24171;&#21161;&#30526;&#29983;&#35299;&#33067;&#25104;&#20315;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/mahayana\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/mahayana\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#22823;&#20056;<\/a><a class=\"glossaryLink cmtt_(Buddhism &#20315;&#25945;) cmtt_(Tibetan &#34255;&#25991;) cmtt_(Sanskrit &#26805;&#25991;)\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Compendium of Abhidharma&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&nbsp; &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;&#38598;&#35542;; &amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;Tibetan: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#3928;&#3908;&#3964;&#3923;&#3851;&#3924;&#3851;&#3904;&#3956;&#3923;&#3851;&#3926;&#3919;&#3956;&#3942;&amp;lt;\/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; (ngonpa kuntu); Wylie: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;mngon pa kun btus&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;; Sanskrit: &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Abhidharmasamuccaya&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;;&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;Compendium of Abhidharma is a Buddhist text composed by Asa&#7749;ga. The Abhidharma-samuccaya is a systematic account of Abhidharma. It is one of the most important texts of the Yogacara school from a Mahayana, Chittamatra point of view.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&#22823;&#20056;&#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;&#38598;&#35542;&#26159;&#28961;&#33879;&#33769;&#34217;&#36896;&#65292;&#21776;&#29572;&#22872;&#20013;&#25991;&#32763;&#35695;&#12290;&#26159;&#29788;&#20285;&#34892;&#21807;&#35672;&#23416;&#27966;&#24517;&#35712;&#35542;&#26360;&#12290;&#20063;&#26159;&#23494;&#23447;&#30332;&#23637;&#30340;&#19968;&#37096;&#35542;&#20856;&#65292;&#28145;&#21463;&#35199;&#34255;&#23494;&#23447;&#37325;&#35222;&#12290;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryTooltipMoreLinkWrapper&gt;&lt;a class=glossaryTooltipMoreLink href=https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/compendium-of-abhidharma\/  target=_blank&gt;Open Dictionary Page &#25171;&#38283;&#36781;&#20856;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/glossary\/compendium-of-abhidharma\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>&#38463;&#27608;&#36948;&#30952;&#38598;&#35542;<\/a>&#12299;&#12290;<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/0304.gosokrinpoche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Asanga.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"281\" height=\"366\"\/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Asanga; \u7121\u8457; Tibetan: \u0f50\u0f7c\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7a\u0f51 (tog med); Wylie: thogs med; Asanga is the fourth century Indian founder of the Yogacara school of Mahayana Buddhism, one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of\u00a0 the Six Ornaments. The following works are agreed by scholars to be by Asa\u1e45ga: Mahayanasamgraha (Summary of the Great Vehicle), Abhidharma-samuccaya, \u7121\u8457\u662f\u53e4\u5370\u5ea6\u4f5b\u6559\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u552f\u8b58\u5b78\u6d3e\u9ad8\u50e7\uff0c\u90a3\u721b\u9640\u5341\u4e03\u73ed\u667a\u9054\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u516d\u838a\u56b4\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8457\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u651d\u5927\u4e58\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u963f\u6bd8\u9054\u78e8\u96c6\u8ad6\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"glossary-categories":[819,820],"glossary-tags":[824],"glossary-languages":[],"class_list":["post-84968","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","hentry","glossary-categories-buddhism-","glossary-categories-tibetan-","glossary-tags-famous-buddhist-"],"post_title":"\u0f50\u0f7c\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7a\u0f51","post_content":"<strong>Asanga<\/strong>; <strong>\u7121\u8457;<\/strong> Tibetan:<strong> \u0f50\u0f7c\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7a\u0f51 <\/strong>(tog med); Wylie: <strong>thogs med<\/strong>;\r\n\r\nAsanga is the fourth century Indian founder of the Yogacara school of Mahayana Buddhism, one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of\u00a0 the Six Ornaments. The following works are agreed by scholars to be by Asa\u1e45ga: Mahayanasamgraha (Summary of the Great Vehicle), Abhidharma-samuccaya,\r\n\r\n\u7121\u8457\u662f\u53e4\u5370\u5ea6\u4f5b\u6559\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u552f\u8b58\u5b78\u6d3e\u9ad8\u50e7\uff0c\u90a3\u721b\u9640\u5341\u4e03\u73ed\u667a\u9054\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u516d\u838a\u56b4\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8457\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u651d\u5927\u4e58\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u963f\u6bd8\u9054\u78e8\u96c6\u8ad6\u300b\u3002\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/0304.gosokrinpoche.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Asanga.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"281\" height=\"366\" \/>","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0f50\u0f7c\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7a\u0f51 - Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche Global Website<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gosokrinpoche.com\/fr\/glossary\/asanga\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0f50\u0f7c\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7a\u0f51 - Jangtse Choje His Eminence Kyabje Gosok Rinpoche Global Website\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Asanga; \u7121\u8457; Tibetan: \u0f50\u0f7c\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7a\u0f51 (tog med); Wylie: thogs med; Asanga is the fourth century Indian founder of the Yogacara school of Mahayana Buddhism, one of the Seventeen Nalanda Masters, also one of\u00a0 the Six Ornaments. 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